1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 239及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture.
2、 When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 Techniques for Oral Presentation In your university work, you will be expected to give oral presentations
3、, in the form of reports or simply in the form of【 1】 . There are several things you can do to make your oral presentations clear and easy to understand. The essential point to realize is that speech and writing are different. The first principle to keep in mind when youre planning to speak in publi
4、c is that you have to help the【 2】 . In an oral report, the rate of delivery has to be slower. One of the best ways to help your audience is simply to【 3】 Beyond the simple【 4】 , there are ways of organizing your presentation that can help the listener recognize and understand your main points. The
5、organization of your talk should allow enough【 5】 for the listener to think both before and after each new idea. The purpose of the time before the new information is to give the audience a chance to understand the【 6】 clearly. The purpose of the time after the new information allows listeners to fi
6、t the idea into their【 7】 knowledge of the subject. Thinking time gives the listener a chance to make sure the idea was understood before going on to the next new idea. There are three common ways to give the listener time for thinking after a point of new information. One way is simply to【 8】 A sec
7、ond method is to use【 9】 . A third way to give the listener time to think is to use【 10】 . In summary, then, we know that oral language should deliver information at a slower rate than you can use in written language. New information should be presented more gradually. Thinking time should be provid
8、ed both before and after each important new item. There are three most common ways to allow this thinking time. I hope that these suggestions will help make your oral presentation a great success. 1 【 1】 2 【 2】 3 【 3】 4 【 4】 5 【 5】 6 【 6】 7 【 7】 8 【 8】 9 【 9】 10 【 10】 SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions:
9、 In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview. 11 What s
10、ubject is Mr. Pitt good at? （ A） Art. （ B） French. （ C） German. （ D） Chemistry. 12 What does Mr. Pitt NOT do in his spare time? （ A） Doing a bit of acting and photography. （ B） Going to concerts frequently. （ C） Playing traditional jazz and folk music. （ D） Traveling in Europe by hitch-hiking. 13 Wh
11、en asked what a managers role is, Mr. Pitt sounds _ （ A） confident （ B） hesitant （ C） resolute （ D） doubtful 14 What does Mr. Pitt say he would like to be? （ A） An export salesman working overseas. （ B） An accountant working in the company. （ C） A production manager in a branch. （ D） A policy maker
12、in the company 15 Which of the following statements about the management trainee scheme is TRUE? （ A） Trainees are required to sign contracts initially. （ B） Trainees performance is evaluated when necessary. （ C） Trainees starting salary is 870 pounds. （ D） Trainees cannot quit the management scheme
13、. SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. 16 Which of the following words can best describe this years cele
14、bration? （ A） Extravagant. （ B） Formal. （ C） Dull. （ D） Toned-down. 17 Which of the following categories was voted online? （ A） Favorite motion picture actress. （ B） Favorite new TV series. （ C） Favorite comedy drama. （ D） Favorite new drama. 18 Faith Hill was _. （ A） a named favorite musician （ B）
15、the favorite motion picture actor （ C） the favorite dramatic actor （ D） the favorite comic actor 19 Where was the prison located? （ A） In the southern state of Tumailimo. （ B） In the mining town of Tumailimo. （ C） In the jungles southeast of Caracas. （ D） To kilometers southeast of Caracas. 20 Accor
16、ding to the news, which of the following is TRUE? （ A） The injured people have been taken to the prison hospital for medical treatment. （ B） The clash broke out when the prisoners were eating breakfast. （ C） The riot was caused by rivalry between inmates and police. （ D） Dozens of people have been k
17、illed or wounded in the riot. 20 Ours has become a society of employees. A hundred years or so ago only one out of every five Americans at work was employed, i. e., worked for somebody else. Today only one out of five is not employed but working for himself. And when fifty years ago “being employed“
18、 meant working as a factory laborer or as a farmhand, the employee of today is increasingly a middle-class person with a substantial formal education, holding a professional or management job requiting intellectual and technical skills. Indeed, two things have characterized. American society during
19、these last fifty years: middle-class and upper-class employees have been the fastest-growing groups in our working populationrowing so fast that the industrial worker, that oldest child of the Industrial Revolution, has been losing in numerical importance despite the expansion of industrial producti
20、on. Yet you will find little if anything written on what it is to be an employee. You can find a great deal of very dubious advice on how to get a job or how to get a promotion. You can also find a good deal of work in a chosen field, whether it be the mechanists trade or bookkeeping. Every one of t
21、hese trades requires different skills, sets different standards, and requires a different preparation. Yet they all have employeeship in common. And increasingly, especially in the large business or in government, employeeship is more important to success than the special professional knowledge or s
22、kill. Certainly more people fail because they do not know the requirements of being an employee than because they do not adequately possess the skills of their trade; the higher you climb the ladder, the more you get into administrative or executive work, the greater the emphasis on ability to work
23、within the organization rather than on technical abilities or professional knowledge. 21 It is implied that fifty years ago_. （ A） eighty per cent of American working people were employed in factories （ B） twenty per cent of American intellectuals were employees （ C） the percentage of intellectuals
24、in the total work force was almost the same as that of industrial workers （ D） the percentage of intellectuals working as employees was not so large as that of industrial workers 22 According to the passage, with the development of modem industry,_. （ A） factory laborers will overtake intellectual e
25、mployees in number （ B） there are as many middle-class employees as factory laborers （ C） employers have attached great importance to factory laborers （ D） the proportion of factory laborers in the total employee population has decreased 23 According to the writer, professional knowledge or skill is
26、_. （ A） less important than awareness of being a good employee （ B） as important as the ability to deal with public relations （ C） more important than employer-employee relations （ D） as important as the ability to co-operate with others in the organization 24 From the passage it can be seen that em
27、ployeeship helps one_. （ A） to be more successful in his career （ B） to be more specialized in his field （ C） to solve technical problems （ D） to develop his professional skill 24 When imaginative men turn their eyes towards space and wonder whether life exists in any part of it, they may cheer them
28、selves by remembering that life need not resemble closely the life that exists on Earth. Mars looks like the only planet where life like ours could exist, and even this is doubtful. But there may be other kinds of life based on other kinds of chemistry, and they may multiply on Venus or Jupiter. At
29、least we cannot prove at present that they do not. Even more interesting is the possibility that life on their planets may be in a more advanced stage of evolution. Present-day man is in a peculiar and probably temporary stage. His individual units retain a strong sense of personality. They are, in
30、fact, still capable under favorable circumstances of leading individual lives. But mans societies are already sufficiently developed to have enormously more power and effectiveness than the individuals have. It is not likely that this transitional situation will continue very long on the evolutionar
31、y time scale. Fifty thousand years from now mans societies may have become so close-knit that the individuals retain no sense of separate personality. Then little distinction will remain between the organic parts of the multiple organism and the inorganic parts (machines) that have been constructed
32、by it. A million years further on man and his machines may have merged as closely as the muscles of the human body and nerve cells that set them in motion. The explorers of space should be prepared for some such situation. If they arrive on a foreign planet that has reached an advanced stage (and th
33、is is by no means impossible), they may find it being inhabited by a single large organism composed of many closely cooperating units. The units may be “secondary“-machines created millions of years ago by a previous form of life and given the will and ability to survive and reproduce. They may be b
34、uilt entirely of metals and other durable materials. If this is the case, they may be much more tolerant of their environment, multiplying under conditions that would destroy immediately any organism made of carbon compounds and dependent on the familiar car bon cycle. Such creatures might be relics
35、 of a past age, many millions of years ago, when their planet was favorable to the origin of life, or they might be immigrants from a favored planet. 25 Humans on Earth today are characterized by_. （ A） their existence as free and separate beings （ B） their capability of living under favorable condi
36、tions （ C） their great power and effectiveness （ D） their strong desire for living in a close-knit society 26 According to this passage, some people believe that eventually_. （ A） human societies will be much more cooperative （ B） man will live in a highly organized world （ C） machines will replace
37、man （ D） living beings will disappear from Earth 27 Even most imaginative people have to admit that （ A） human societies are as advanced as those on some other planets （ B） planets other than Earth are not suitable for life like ours to stay （ C） it is difficult to distinguish between organic pa/ts
38、and inorganic parts of the humm, body （ D） organisms are more creative than machines 28 It seems that the writer （ A） is interested in the imaginary life forms （ B） is eager to find a different form of life （ C） is certain of the existence of a new life form （ D） is critical of the imaginative peopl
39、e 28 Greenspace facilities are contributing to an important extent to the quality of the urban environment. Fortunately it is no longer necessary that every lecture or every book about this subject has to start with the proof of this idea. At present it is generally accepted, although more as a self
40、-evident statement than on the base of a closely-reasoned scientific proof. The recognition of the importance of greenspaees in the urban environment is a first step on the fight way, this does not mean, however, that sufficient details are known about the functions of greenspace in towns and about
41、the way in which the inhabitants are using these spaces. As to this rather complex subject i shall, within the scope of this lecture, enter into one aspect only, namely tile recreative function of greenspace facilities. The theoretical separation of living, working, traffic and recreation which for
42、many years has been used in town-and-country planning, has in my opinion resulted in disproportionate attention for forms of recreation far from home, whereas there was relatively little attention for improvement of recretative possibilities in the direct neighborhood of the home. We have come to th
43、e conclusion that this is not right, because an important part of the time which we do not pass in sleeping or working, is used for activities at and around home. So it is obvious that recreation in the open air has to begin at the street-door of the house. The urban environment has to offer as many
44、 recreation activities as possible, and the design of these has to be such that more obligatory activities can also have a recreative aspect. The very best standard of living is nothing if it is not possible to take a pleasant walk in the district, if the children cannot be allowed to play in the st
45、reets, because the risks of traffic are too great, if during shop ping you can nowhere find a spot for enjoying for a moment the nice weather, in short, if you only feel yourself at home after the street-door of your house is closed after you. 29 According to the author, the importance of greenspace
46、s in the urban environment_. （ A） is still unknown （ B） is being closely studied （ C） is usually neglected （ D） has been fully recognized 30 The theoretical separation of living, working, traffic and recreation has led to_. （ A） the disproportion of recreation facilities in the neighbourhood （ B） th
47、e location of recreation facilities far from home （ C） relatively little attention for recreative possibilities （ D） the improvement of recreative possibilities in the neighbourhood 31 The author suggests that the recreative possibilities of greenspace should be provided_. （ A） in special areas （ B）
48、 in the suburbs （ C） in the neighbourhood of the house （ D） in gardens and parks 32 The main idea of this passage is that _. （ A） better use of greenspace facilities should be made so as to improve the quality of our life （ B） attention must be directed to the improvement of recreative possibilities
49、 （ C） the urban environment is providing more recreation activities than it did many years ago （ D） priority must be given to the development of obligatory activities 32 Imagine eating everything delicious you want-with none of the fat. That would be great, wouldnt it? New “fake fat“ products appeared on store shelve in the United States recently, but not everyone is happy about it. Makers of the products, which contain a compound called olestra, say food manufacturers can now eliminate fat from cert
