1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 525及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture.
2、 When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 American Literature A literature is the record of human experience and people have always been impelled t
3、o write down their impressions of life. Specific characteristics of the American literature are as follows; I. The beginning of the American literature The first English colonies in Virginia and New England. Colonists came to find religious (1)_ and prosperity. No spirit of (2) _;English legends,bal
4、lads, poems and the richness of the English language. The history of American literature is short. A mirror reflecting the social life and the product of the development of the American society. II. The influence of Puritanism 1) Puritanism Supreme view of (3)_ Puritans demand for a (4)_population 2
5、) Puritan life Harsh and unlovely life Puritans zeal,courage,and moral nature Man is (5)_of evil actions III. Periods of the American literature A. from 1607 to 1765;Colonial Period; B. from 1765 to roughly 1830; the Early National and Revolutionary Period; C. from 1830 to 1865:the Romantic Period;
6、D. from 1865 to 1900:the (6)_Period; E. from 1900 to 1930; the Naturalistic and Symbolistic Period; F. from 1930 to 1960:the Modern Period; G. from 1960 until now:the Postmodern Period. IV. Terms American Renaissance;the period of 18501855 Transcendentalism;Ralph Waldo Emersons masterpiece (7)_. Ame
7、rican Romanticism. Realism; a reaction against“ the lie “ of Romanticism and Sentimentalism. American Naturalisms somber and dark picture; the general tone is (8)_. Imagism: a reaction to the traditional English poetic principle in the 1920s. V. Characteristics of the American (9)_ literature The sc
8、ope is broad. The meaning is deeper and more complex. Modern writing is technically sophisticated. The language is simpler. There is more (10)_. SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1
9、 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview. 11 Why wont Zanele send her children to school? （ A） She thinks that her children can learn more things from her. （ B） She hates scho
10、ol and thus has a had feeling towards school. （ C） Her children will only play at school. （ D） Her children are in bad health. 12 All the followings are the reasons why Zaneles children dont grow properly EXCEPT _. （ A） they dont have enough nutritious food （ B） their bones have no time to grow well
11、 because of the hard work they do （ C） their bodies have worked too hard （ D） they are always beaten by their mother 13 According to the passage, which word can best describe Zanele? （ A） Carefree. （ B） Obstinate. （ C） Easy-going. （ D） Optimistic 14 The primary purpose of the visit of Gugu and Zandi
12、 to Zanele family is to _. （ A） see her for a while because they miss her very, very much （ B） visit her because they will have a party （ C） have a discussion about how children should be raised （ D） bake a cake for Zaneles family party 15 This passage is mainly about _. （ A） how some mothers on the
13、 farm worry about the childrens education （ B） how some children help their mother to do the chores on a farm （ C） how some thin children are forced to work in the field （ D） how Gugu and Zandi make a visit to their friends family SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Directions: In this section you will hear ev
14、erything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. 16 Mr. William Perrey _. （ A） was nominated for Defense Secretary （ B） was member of the Senate Arms Services Committee （ C） was concern
15、ed by the growing tension on the Korean Peninsula （ D） is Deputy-Secretary of Defense 17 The US Senate Arms Services Committee _. （ A） held confirmation hearing for Mr. Perrey （ B） may have to decide whether to impose sanctions on North Korea （ C） made discussions on whether to deploy Patriot Defens
16、e system to South Korea （ D） made discussions on whether to deploy a single nuclear device to South Korea 18 Which of the following statements about William Perrey is NOT true? （ A） He is very concerned about the North Koreas nuclear program. （ B） He favors aggressive diplomacy to resolve the crisis
17、. （ C） He thinks US troops should continue to join UN peace-keeping missions. （ D） He thinks large American units should not remain under US command. 18 The newspaper must provide for the reader the facts, unalloyed, unalloyed, objectively selected facts. But in these days of complex news it must pr
18、ovide more; it must supply interpretation, the meaning of the facts, This is the most important assignment confronting American journalism to make clear to the reader the problems of the day, to make international news as understandable as community news, to recognize that there is no longer any suc
19、h thing ( with the possible exception of such scribbling as society and club news) as “local“ news, because any event in the international area has a local reaction in manpower draft, in economic strain, in terms, indeed, of our very way of life. There is in journalism a widespread view that when yo
20、u embark on interpretation, you are entering choppy and dangerous waters, the swirling tides of opinion. This is nonsense. The opponents of interpretation insist that the writer and the editor shall confine themselves to the “facts“. This insistence raises two questions: what are the facts? And: are
21、 the bare facts enough? As to the first query, consider how a so-called “factual“ story comes about. The reporter collects, say, fifty facts; out of these fifty, his space allotment being necessarily restricted, he selects the ten, which he considers most important. This is Judgment Number One. Then
22、 he or his editor decides which of these ten facts shall constitute the lead of the piece. This is important decision because many readers do not proceed beyond the first paragraph. This is Judgment Number Two. Then the night editor determines whether the article shall be presented on page one, wher
23、e it has a large impact, or on page twenty-four, where it has little. Judgment Number Three. Thus, in the presentation of a so-called “factual“ or “objective“ story, at least three judgments are involved. And they are judgments not at all unlike those involved in interpretation, in which reporter an
24、d editor, calling upon their general background, and their “news neutralism“, arrive at a conclusion as to the significance of the news. The two areas of judgment, presentation of the news and its interpretation, are both objective rather than subjective processes as objective, that is, as any human
25、 being can be. (Note in passing: even though complete objectivity can never be achieved, nevertheless the ideal must always be the beacon on the murky news channels.) If an editor is intent on slanting the news, he can do it in other ways and more effectively than by interpretation. He can do it by
26、the selection of those facts that prop up his particular plea. Or he can do it by the pay he gives a story promoting it to page one or demoting it to page thirty. 一、 PART III GENERAL KNOWLEDGE (10 MIN) Directions: There are ten multiple-choice questions in this section. Choose the best answer to eac
27、h question. 24 The Vikings began to attack various parts of England from the end of the _century. （ A） 7th （ B） 8th （ C） 9th （ D） 10th 25 Alaska lies in the _ of North America, stretching southward from the Arctic Ocean to the Pacific. （ A） northwestern part （ B） southwestern part （ C） northeastern
28、part （ D） southeastern part 26 Which of the following does not belong to the Island of Great Britain? （ A） England （ B） Scotland （ C） Wales （ D） Ireland 27 The word smog is a product of_. （ A） Invention （ B） compounding （ C） abbreviation （ D） blending 28 In English all the prefixes are _ morphemes.
29、（ A） inflectional （ B） grammatical （ C） derivational （ D） implicit 29 Noam Chomsky is a (n) _ linguist. （ A） American theoretical （ B） American practical （ C） Russian theoretical （ D） Russian practical 30 There are some_universities in the United Kingdom, including the Open University. （ A） 75 （ B）
30、80 （ C） 85 （ D） 95 31 _is a variety of language (usually a native language of a country) which serves as a medium of communication among groups of people with diverse linguistic background. （ A） Lingua Franca （ B） Pidgin （ C） Creole （ D） Bilingualism 32 Which river is the longest river in the V. K.
31、that rises in the mountains of Wales? （ A） The Thames River. （ B） The Severn River. （ C） The Clyde River. （ D） The Mersey River. 33 _refers to the abstract lingusitic system shared by all the members of a speech community. （ A） Parole （ B） Langue （ C） Competence （ D） Performance 二、 PART IV PROOFREAD
32、ING also many argue that it can improve their competence. Whats your opinion? Write an essay of about 400 words on the topic. You should supply a title for your article. In the first part of your writing you should present your thesis statement, and in the second part you should support the thesis s
33、tatement with appropriate details. In the last part you should bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary. Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Write your compositio
34、n on ANSWER SHEET FOUR. 专业英语八级模拟试卷 525答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task
35、after the mini-lecture. When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 【听力原文】 American Literature Hello everybody, welcome to attend my lecture about the
36、 American literature. Today Id like to introduce to you briefly the American literature. It is commonly accepted that wherever there are people,there will be a literature. A literature is the record of human experience and people have always been impelled to write down their impressions of life. The
37、y do so in diaries and letters,in pamphlets and books and in essays, poems, plays and stories. In this respect American literature is like any other. There are,however,many characteristics of American writing that make it different from all others. American literature began with the first English co
38、lonies in Virginia and New England. (I) Colonists came to the New World to find religious freedom and prosperity. (2) They came, however, in no spirit of revolution. They came as Englishmen, bringing with them the literary wealth of English legends, ballads and poems and the richness of the English
39、language. They were loyal to the Crown. The settlers did not even call themselves Americans yet. How the English colonists slowly came to think and act as “Americans“ is a familiar and proud story. How their literature slowly grew to be “American“writing is less well-known. The growth of American li
40、terature,however,follows closely the history of the nation from its beginning to the present time. There is space here to discuss only the most important and the best. Even a short summary .however, shows something of the splendid accomplishment of American literature since it emerged from its crude
41、 colonial beginnings more than 300 years ago. The history of American literature is short, roughly about 200 years. Until the War of Independence and the founding of the US, American literature showed its own characteristics as a mirror reflecting the society. American literature was formed and deve
42、loped at the time of the War of Independence. It showed great importance on the stage of world literature, it is the product of the development of the American society, reflecting the social life of America. The influence of Puritanism is of vital importance in the development of American literature
43、, especially in the early periods. For more than 100 years after the Pilgrim landing in 1620,life and writing in New England were dominated by the religious attitude known as Puritanism. To understand the colonial life and literature, one must understand Puritanism, one of the major influences in Am
44、erican life. In the Puritan view,God was supreme. The Puritans held that he revealed his will through the Bible, which they believed literally. Clergymen interpreted the Bible in sermons, but each man and woman was obliged to study it for themselves too. The people had to be educated in order to rea
45、d the Bible,to discuss it,and to write about it. (4) Harvard College was then founded in 1636 partly to meet this demand for an educated population. Indeed,the intellectual quality of New England life,which later influenced other parts of the country, is traceable to the Puritans need for a trained
46、and literate population. The nation owns a great debt to Puritanism. It is true that in several ways Puritan life was harsh and unlovely,as one learns from reading “The Scarlet Letter“ ,Nathaniel Hawthornes great novel. Nevertheless one must admire the Puritans for their zeal, their courage, and the
47、ir strong moral nature. (5) They recognized that man is often guilty of evil actions. The 20th century has seen enough cruelty and depravity for one to believe that the Puritan view of human beings was valid in some aspects. The development of American Literature can be studied in the following seve
48、ral periods:the Colonial Period,from 1607 to 1765; the Early National and Revolutionary Period,from 1765 to roughly 1830; the Romantic Period,from 1830 to 1865; (6) the Realistic period, from 1865 to 1900; the Naturalistic and Symbolistic Period, from 1900 to 1930; the Modern Period,from 1930 to I96
49、0; and the Postmodern Period, from 1960 until now. In addition to the different periods of the American literature, we should understand some of the most important terms in different periods. The middle of the 19th century saw the beginning of a truly independent American literature. Thus this period,especially the years 18501855,has been called the American Renaissance. (7)In 1836,Ralph Waldo Emerson made a tremendous impac
