1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 541及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture.
2、 When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 Educational Values During the first week at North American universities, students must do a few things in
3、 preparation, so life is rather【 1】 for them. For a foreign student, they are even busier in adjusting themselves to a new educational system. At a North American university, one course is【 2】 different from another. Each professor has his or her preterred teaching method, and the curriculum used is
4、 often non-standardized. Most courses offered at North American universities require active【 3】 . They are frequently designed to include a large amount of discussion. In some graduate courses, the students often take on the traditional role of a teacher, while the professor acts only as a【 4】 . Man
5、y teachers hold that a relaxed classroom provides an excellent learning environment. It is common for professors to treat their students as【 5】 . Such teachers are still respected by students and still hold a position of【 6】 in classroom. Professors often have different levels of relationships with
6、their students besides simply that of teachers. Students are expected to be responsible for their own learning. They are encouraged to learn for the sake of learning. Students will complete teachers assignments independently with【 7】 assistance. They should take the【 8】 to go to the library and disc
7、over all the resources available. The “honor system“ demands【 9】 on all students. Any kind of cheating is unacceptable. There is both a cooperative and competitive, spirit among students. They are willing to help others in non-academic activities, but for these courses where their performance is gra
8、ded, they are more【 10】 in the amount of help they give their classmates. 1 【 1】 2 【 2】 3 【 3】 4 【 4】 5 【 5】 6 【 6】 7 【 7】 8 【 8】 9 【 9】 10 【 10】 SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions
9、1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview. 11 Who is the first speaker? （ A） A driver. （ B） A passenger. （ C） A policeman. （ D） doctor. 12 What did the first speaker want? （ A
10、） All the details. （ B） Only a little information at that time. （ C） No information until the next day. （ D） Mr. Simpsons comments on the accident. 13 Why wasnt the young lady wearing her seat-belt? （ A） She wasnt able to make it fit her. （ B） She wasnt able to fasten it. （ C） She was told not to fa
11、sten it. （ D） It was unnecessary to wear the seat-belt. 14 Why did Mr. Simpson say that he couldnt have been driving fast? （ A） He had only been driving fifty yards on the main road. （ B） He had just come out into the main road. （ C） He had stopped fifty yards away. （ D） He had always driven under f
12、ifty miles an hour. 15 What would happen to Mr. Simpsons car after everything is finished? （ A） It would be taken to tile garage. （ B） It would be repaired. （ C） It would be driven away by Mr. Simpson. （ D） It would be removed by the police. SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Directions: In this section you w
13、ill hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. 16 _of students have found a job by now. （ A） One-fifth （ B） Four-fifth （ C） 0.27 （ D） 0.73 17 The advantages Of counselors i
14、nclude all the following EXCEPT （ A） helping students with job applications and preparing for interviews. （ B） letting students know about job openings and job recruitment fairs. （ C） helping students get experience in a position. （ D） helping first-year students decide what to study. 17 Nuclear pow
15、er has become an important source of energy in several countries, especially in Europe and Japan. Nuclear power supplies one-third of all electricity in Europe, including two- thirds in Belgium and France, one-half in Hungary and Sweden, and one-third in Finland, Germany, Spain, and Switzerland. Out
16、side of Europe, Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan also rely on nuclear power for much of their electricity. The United States and Canada are less dependent than Europeans on nuclear energy, in part because of more abundant coal reserves. Nuclear power generates approximately 20 percent of the electrici
17、ty in North America as a whole; with New England drawing most of its electricity from nuclear power. Five interrelated problems severely restrict the use of nuclear power instead of coal to generate electricity. The first problem associated with nuclear power is the danger of an accident. A nuclear
18、power plant produces electricity from energy released by splitting uranium atoms in a controlled environment, a process known as fission. One of the products in a nuclear reaction is radioactive waste, which is lethal to people: exposed to it. Elaborate safety precautions must be taken to prevent th
19、e fuel from leaking out of the power plant. The second problem with nuclear power is the need to store waste products following the reaction. The spent fuel and other radioactive waste products must be stored for several thousand years, until they are no longer lethal. But no country has devised an
20、effective storage system for the radioactive waste products. The third problem with nuclear power is that a bomb can be made from the material. Nuclear power has been used in warfare twice. Even if we are confident that government will not use nuclear weapons, can we be as confident about terrorist
21、organizations? Terrorists could steal a small amount of nuclear fuel and construct their own nuclear weapons. A few years ago, a Princeton undergraduate wrote a term paper that outlined how to make a nuclear weapon. He was accused at first of leaking government secrets, but the student showed that m
22、ost of his information came from the encyclopedia and a few unclassified government documents. Following publicity about the term paper, several organizations and foreign governments contacted the student for technical assistance in making a bomb. A fourth problem with nuclear power is the scarcity
23、of uranium. Like the fossil fuels, uranium ore is a nonrenewable resource, and proven reserves will be depleted in less than a century at the current rate of use. Proven uranium reserves are not distributed uniformly across the earths surface. The United States, Canada, South Africa, Australia, and
24、the former Soviet Union rank among the world s leaders. One-fifth of the world s proven reserves are concentrated in South Africa, but access to that supply is uncertain because of the countrys racial problems. The final problem with using nuclear power is its high cost. Nuclear power plants cost se
25、veral billion dollars to build, primarily because of elaborate safety measures. Without double- and triple-backup systems, nuclear energy would be too dangerous to use. As a result, the cost of generating electricity is much higher from nuclear plants than from coal plants. The future of nuclear pow
26、er has been seriously hurt by the combination of high risks and costs. Most countries in North America and Western Europe have curtailed construction of new plants. Sweden, which received nearly half of its electricity from nuclear power in the t980s, plans to begin shutting plants by 1995 and to ab
27、andon its nuclear power plants completely by the year 2010. 18 Why does Canada depend less on nuclear energy than European countries? Because _. （ A） it has not yet obtained the nuclear technology （ B） the Canadians are strongly against the use of nuclear power （ C） it has large coal reserves （ D） i
28、t relies on the U.S. or supply of electricity 19 The Princeton undergraduates incident shows that _. （ A） Princeton is a prestigious university indeed （ B） the technology of making a nuclear bomb is within easy reach （ C） some organizations wish to give Princeton students financial help （ D） the stu
29、dent is a rare genius 20 The best title for this passage can be _. （ A） The Advantages of Developing Nuclear Power （ B） The Disadvantages of Developing Nuclear Power （ C） How to Obtain Nuclear Power （ D） Nuclear Bombs: the Past, Present and Future 一、 PART III GENERAL KNOWLEDGE (10 MIN) Directions: T
30、here are ten multiple-choice questions in this section. Choose the best answer to each question. 21 The Celts came to Britain in_main waves. （ A） two （ B） three （ C） four （ D） five 22 The Peasant Uprising of 1381 did not direct against_. （ A） the rich clergy （ B） the lawyers （ C） the landowners （ D）
31、 the town traders 23 Up to the end of Word War II, there were_waves of large-scale immigration to the United States. （ A） four （ B） two （ C） three （ D） none of the above 24 In English literature, Renaissance Period was an age of_. （ A） novels and essays （ B） ballads and songs （ C） prose and journals
32、 （ D） poetry and dramas 25 In Australia, Jan.26th is known as （ A） Australia Day. （ B） Independence Day. （ C） Anzac Day. （ D） ANZUS. 26 A: Do you think that our boss is a kind man? B: It is fine weather, isnt it? The above dialogue violates the principle of_of CP (Cooperative Principle). （ A） manner
33、 （ B） relation （ C） quality （ D） quantity 27 The sameness or close similarity of meaning refers to （ A） polysemy. （ B） homonymy. （ C） antonymy. （ D） synonymy. 28 _analysis is a process of grammatical analysis according to which a syntactic construction can be analyzed into its basic units. （ A） TG （
34、 B） IC （ C） LAD （ D） ST 29 AT some predict that there will be a Spanish majority in the United States within twenty years. So it is not impossible to conceive that another language might come to dominate besides English one day. An equally important trend will be the fragmentation of English. Many c
35、ountries are now using English so much that they are starting to teach their own particular brand of the language with different forms of sentence construction, for example. They no longe want native speakers to teach English, but locals whose version of English contains the same forms as the local
36、use of the language. This is not just tree in colonial countries, it s happening as far apart as Germany and the Pacific Rim. It s a strongly democratic move and I think we will see a lot more local publishing as a result. Yet while forms of English become increasingly localized, the information exp
37、losion is also making our use of language global. A quite, new form of language is evolving on the internet The E - mail is a new form of message: it s not a letter, not a postcard And it has its own casual style, often without complete sentences. English is especially well adapted to this style, as
38、 it can easily be shortened. So I suspect English will continue to be more advanced than other languages on the worldwide web-it will remain the language of science and technology. 三、 PART VI WRITING (45 MIN) Directions: Write a composition of about 400 words on the following topic. 43 A new weapon
39、is on the way in the fight against smoking in Europe. Soon when smokers buy cigarettes they might see a shocking photo of a blackened lung or a cancer patient staring back at them from the packet. In our country, there arc also many students smoking, and young students have taken a large part in all
40、 those smokers. Write an article about 400 words on this. You should supply a title for your article. In the first part of your writing you should present your thesis statement, and in the second part you should support the thesis statement with appropriate details. In the last part you should bring
41、 what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary. Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Write your composition on ANSWER SHEET FOUR. 专业英语八级模拟试卷 541答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE D
42、irections: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture. When the lecture is over, you will be given
43、two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 【听力原文】 Educational Values Good morning, everyone. Today well talk about the educational values of American universities. Life is rather hectic for stu
44、dents during the first week m North American universities. Before classes even begin they must do a number of things in preparation. They barely have time to think about what will actually take place in the classroom. If you are a foreign student, you have the added pressure of adapting yourself to
45、new educational expectations which may be very different from those, in your own country. Students will find a lot of differences in classroom dynamics from course to course throughout their university careers. Each professor has his or her preferred teaching method, and the curriculum that is used
46、is frequently non-standardized so that each course is distinctly unique from the others. Active student participation is required in the majority of courses offered at North American universities, with the exception of formal lecture courses in which the professor is the focus of attention and stude
47、nts are required to simply listen and take notes. Oral participation is very often graded and included in the final mark a student receives in a course. Courses are frequently designed to include a large amount of discussion and questions. In graduate seminar courses the students usually take on the
48、 traditional role of a teacher, giving presentations and leading discussions, while the professor acts as a facilitator to ensure the class runs smoothly. Many teachers hold to the idea that a relaxed, informal classroom provides an excellent learning environment. It is not unusual for professors to
49、 have friendly, casual relationships with their students, treating them as equals. Such people are still excellent and respected teachers and also hold a position of authority, in the classroom. A class of students may meet socially with their professor for coffee one day but are still required to submit research papers or take an exam the following day. Deadlines and requirements are expected to be upheld. The professor often has different levels of relationships with his or her students
