1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 587及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture.
2、 When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 How to Conquer Public Speaking Fear I. Public speaking is a common (1)_of stress for everyone. (1)_ II. s
3、ome of the causes: 1. public speaking is inherently stressful 2. trying to cover (2)_points (2)_ 3. having the (3)_in mind (3)_ 4. Failing to be (4)_etc. (4)_ III. Ways to deal with Speaking stress: Principle 1 Speaking in Public is NOT Inherently (5)_ (5)_ Principle 2 You Dont have to be (6)_to Suc
4、ceed (6)_ Principle 3 All You Need is (7)_Main Points (7)_ Principle 4 the right Purpose needed is (8)_ (8)_ Principle 5 (9)_and Humor Can Go a Long Way (9)_ The best way to practice is (10)_ (10)_ SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully a
5、nd then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview. 11 _ in British and American English have diverged very much according to the sp
6、eakers. （ A） Regular noun plural forms （ B） Irregular noun plural forms （ C） Verb tenses （ D） None of the above items 12 The past tense of the verb “eat“ _. （ A） is spelled differently in British and American English （ B） is pronounced differently in British and American English （ C） is pronounced t
7、o rhyme with “get“ in American English （ D） is pronounced to rhyme with “late“ in British English 13 In _,we usually dont hear the sounding of r after vowels like “bird“. （ A） Scotland （ B） Ireland （ C） the whole of the western counties of England （ D） area around New York City 14 As for the pronunc
8、iation of “a“ in a word like “dance“,_. （ A） all Americans pronounce it as se （ B） all British people pronounce it as a: （ C） educated speakers in Britain pronounce it as a: （ D） people in American West pronounce it as a: 15 Both of the two speakers agree that _. （ A） in Britain and America people s
9、peak utterly different languages （ B） there are few things identical in British and American English （ C） British and American English are imcomprehensible to each other （ D） British and American English are understandable between the two people SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Directions: In this section y
10、ou will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. 16 EMI is _. （ A） the worlds first major music company （ B） the worlds third largest record company （ C） the worlds large
11、st on -line music provider （ D） the worlds largest software company 17 EMIs downloading trial was between _. （ A） the recording industry and on - line record companies （ B） the recording industry and downloading -program operators （ C） EMI and on -line music providers （ D） EMI and MP3 18 The popular
12、 MP3 technology _. （ A） allows fans to copy songs once or twice （ B） allows consumers to turn the song to a CD three times （ C） allows consumers to send the song to a portable device twice （ D） is a compression format that turns music on compact discs into small computer files 18 In a democratic soc
13、iety citizens are encouraged to form their own opinions on candidates for public office, taxes, constitutional amendments, environmental concerns, foreign policy, and other issues. The opinions held by any population are shaped and manipulated by several factors: individual circumstances, the mass m
14、edia, special-interest groups, and opinion leaders. Wealthy people tend to think differently on social issues from poor people. Factory workers probably do not share the same views as white-collar collar, nonunion workers. Women employed outside their homes sometimes have perspectives different from
15、 those of full-time homemakers. In these and other ways individual status shapes ones view of current events. The mass media, especially television, are powerful influences on the way people think and act. Government officials note how mail from the public tends to “follow the headlines“. Whatever i
16、s featured in newspapers and magazines and on television attracts enough attention that people begin to inform themselves and to express opinions. The mass media have also created larger audiences for government and a wider range of public issues than existed before. Prior to television and the nati
17、onal editions of newspapers, issues and candidates tended to remain localized. In Great Britain and West Germany, for example, elections to the national legislatures were usually viewed by voters as local contests. Todays elections are seen as struggles between party leaders and programs. In the Uni
18、ted States radio and television have been beneficial to the presidency. Since the days of Franklin D. Roosevelt and his “fireside chats“, presidents have appealed directly to a national audience over the heads of Congress to advocate their programs. Special-groups spend vast sums annually trying to
19、influence public opinion. Public utilities, for instance, tried to sway public opinion in favor of nuclear power plants. Opposed to them were citizens organizations that lobbied to halt the use of nuclear power. During the 1960s the American Medical Association conducted an unsuccessful advertising
20、campaign designed to prevent the passage of medicare. Opinion leaders are usually such prominent public figures as politicians, show-business personalities, and celebrity athletes. The opinions of these individuals, whether informed and intelligent or not, carry weight with some segments of the popu
21、lation. Some individuals, such as Nobel Prize winners, are suddenly thrust into public view by the media. By quickly reaching a large audience, their views gain a hearing and are perhaps influential in shaping views on complex issues. (393 words) 19 The second paragraph is mainly about _. （ A） the i
22、nfluence of gender on peoples view （ B） the influence of peoples status on their view （ C） the influence of living standard on peoples view （ D） the influence of different ranks on peoples view 20 Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? （ A） TV programs have a strong influence on go
23、vernmental policy. （ B） Chats on televisions are chief means for running for presidency. （ C） More and more people show interest in politics because of TV. （ D） Before the use of TV, people showed little interest in politics. 21 It is obvious that the opinion of famous people _. （ A） is often ignore
24、d by the public （ B） is seldom expressed to the point （ C） is often imposed on the public （ D） has a strong influence on people 22 The passage is mainly about _. （ A） the forces that influence peoples opinions （ B） the freedom of speech in a democratic society （ C） the necessity to uphold ones own o
25、pinion on an issue （ D） the techniques of talking to a large audience via the mass media 一、 PART III GENERAL KNOWLEDGE (10 MIN) Directions: There are ten multiple-choice questions in this section. Choose the best answer to each question. 23 During the British Civil War, the supporters of the king we
26、re called （ A） Cavaliers. （ B） merchants. （ C） Roundheads. （ D） Scots. 24 Nearly_of government expenditure in the UK is devoted to the social security program. （ A） a third （ B） two thirds （ C） a fourth （ D） a fifth 25 Linguistically, compared with the writings of Mark Twain, Henry Jamess fiction is
27、 noted lor his （ A） frontier vernacular. （ B） rich colloquialism. （ C） vulgarly descriptive words. （ D） refined elegant language. 26 In the United States, how many years does primary education require? （ A） Three years. （ B） Four years. （ C） Five years. （ D） Six years. 27 In Britain,_was the forerun
28、ner of the Liberal Party. （ A） the Labour （ B） the Conservative Party （ C） the Whigs （ D） the Tories 28 A traditional food enjoyed by Americans during Thanksgiving Day is_. （ A） steam bun （ B） roast turkey （ C） roast duck （ D） fried fish 29 Which of the following statements is not true? （ A） Scotlan
29、d is the second largest in area, but net population, compared with England and Wales. （ B） Britain does not share land border with any other countries except the Republic of Ireland （ C） Broadly speaking, the English summer consists of June, July and August. （ D） The Thames is the second largest but
30、 most important river in Britain. 30 The modern English began in the _ century. （ A） 14th （ B） 15th （ C） 16th （ D） 17th 31 Which of the following words has most morphemes? （ A） Undertake. （ B） Undesirablity. （ C） Pickpocket. （ D） Announcement. 32 The Statue of Liberty was given to American people by
31、 _ as a gift In 1884. （ A） France （ B） Spain （ C） Italy （ D） Britain 二、 PART IV PROOFREADING “dog“-“ dogs church“-“ churches“. And this is the same on both sides of the Atlantic. Would you say the same thing for the verbs? B: Yes, I think I would. Here again the regular forms are so overwhelming in
32、number, arent they? For most of the verbs, our two forms of language are pretty well identical. A. Well, that depends on what you mean by identity. I can think, for example, of instances where our spellings are alike but the pronunciation is different. For example, the past of the verb “eat.“ B. Yes
33、, the past tense is spelled in both forms of English “a-t-e“. But I pronounce this as et to rhyme with “get” as do most of us in Britain, and I think that we would tend to regard the American pronunciation as a relatively uneducated one. Isnt it true that most educated people in the U.S. would rhyme
34、 “ate“ with“ late“ regard the British pronunciation as a bit odd? A: More than a bit odd. I would say. Actually to us, ct seems countrified, even uneducated. We could supply other examples here, but I think we should go on to the order of words in phrases and sentences. After all, it is through word
35、 order, rather than inflectional forms, that so much of our grammatical meaning is conveyed. B: Yes, and I suppose this is one of the reasoas why we have so little difficulty in understanding each other. Its hard to think of any place that you and I would have arranged the principal sentence element
36、s in a different way. A: You are right, of course. For example, the entire English -speaking world puts the subject before the verb and the object after it in making a sentence. B: None of these grammatical differences add up to very much, do they? Lets talk briefly now about pronunciation. Take the
37、 difference that is probably best known: the sounding or not sounding of r after vowels in words like “bird“ and “hurt“. Its not just a matter of saying that Americans sound the r s and the Britishers dont. After all, as you know, in Scotland, Lancashire, Ireland, and the whole of the western counti
38、es of England really, the r s are pronounced more or less as they are with you. A: Yes, and in the States, on the other hand, you will find a rather large area in New England, almost all of the area, a- round New York City, and various parts of the coastal south, where the Americans dont sound the r
39、 s. And its equally difficult to generalize about the differences in pronunciation of words like dance“, which I pronounce with the vowel in cap-L and you pronounce with the vowel in “father; a: . In the United States we vary a good deal; for example, eastern New England has the a type of pronunciat
40、ion. B: As you know, we dont have ct: at all widely either. It occurs among educated speakers and in the South and in London, but in the northern counties of England people have a pronunciation similar to yours. So I think we should insist on people not exaggerating the differences between British a
41、nd American English. 11 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 根据谈话内容可知：规则变化、不规则变化的名词复数形式及动词的时态变化在美式英语和英式英语中均无多大差别。即使听漏了材料，也可通过常识判断，正确答案为 D。 12 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 根据谈话内容可知在英式英语和美式英语中，动词 “eat”的过去式拼写相同都为 “ate”，但读法不同，英式英语读作 et，同 “get”压韵；美式英语读作 eit与 “late”压韵。因此可排除 A、 C、 D等选项，选择 B。该题亦可借助常识进行判断。 13 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析 】 根据许多人旧有的认识，在美式英
42、语中诸如 “bird”等词中的 r发音，而在英式英语中不发音。但谈话者认为这种观点是不准确的，其中的 r是否发音不能靠国家来划分，实际上在英国的北爱尔兰、苏格兰及英格兰的西部各郡，通常均可听到 r发音，而在美国的纽约市及其附近地区反而听不到 r发音。因此，正确答案为 D。 14 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 根据谈话内容可知：并非在美国所有的地区都把 “dance”读作 dL ns，如新英格兰东部读作 da:ns；也并非所有的英国人都将其读作 da:ns，只有在南部和伦敦地区受过教育的人才这样发音。因此正确答案为 C。 15 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 四个选项的内容并未直接提及，但根据
43、整个谈话的内容、两位谈话者的语气，可以得出结论：不要过于夸大英式英语与美式英语的差异，二者大同小异，持这两种语言的人可以相互理解、勾通。因此，正确答案为 D。 SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer th
44、e questions. 16 【听力原文】 The worlds No. 3 record company, EMI became the first major music company to sell a large selection of its recordings on line on Tuesday. It related more than 100 albums and 40 singles from acts of famous singers of various styles for fans to download from their computers. EMI
45、s downloading trial came as Legal battles rage over copyrights and digital music distribution between the recording industry and online music providers like MP3. corn Inc MP3. corn provides access to music via the popular MP3 technology, a compression format that turns music on compact discs into sm
46、all computer fibres. EMIs music will be available in the future in secure format, after the company develops a player that supports the format. Current MP3 technology allows fans to copy songs again and again, the encoded software being used by EMI will limit consumers from hard drives. A consumer c
47、an turn the song to a CD twice and send it to a portable device three times. 16 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 本题的几个选项均有一定迷惑性，若对所给信息理解有误极易造成错选。 A项 (EMI为世界最大的音乐公司 )似乎与材料中某些内容相符，但实际大有出入，试与原听力材料比较： EMI于周二成为第一家在网上大量发售其唱片的大音乐公司。选项 c(世界上最大的在线音乐供应商 )及 D(世界上 最大的软件公司 )文中均未提及，因此只有 B(世界上第三大录音公司 )与原文内容相符，为正确答案。 17 【正确答案】 C 【试
48、题解析】 根据所供信息可知这场官司是在 “这家录音公司 (the recording industry)和诸如 MP3等在线音乐供应商之间展开的，而此处 “这家录音公司 ”正是EMI。因此 A、 B均与原听力材料内容不符，而 D中只提到一家在线音乐供应商，犯了以偏概全的错误，因此正确答案为 C。 18 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 解答该题的关键在于比较选项中的细节与原听力材料的差异 。 A项将原听力材料中的 “again and again”偷换成 “once or twice”； B项将 “twice”偷换成“three times”； C项将 “three times”偷换成 “twi
49、ce”，因此均不正确，只有 D为正确答案。 19 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 本文第二段指出，富人与穷人的社会观点不会一样：工厂工人和白领、非工会成员也许很难有共同看法，在外工作的妇女和家庭妇女有时观点不一样。本段最后一句是对该段的总结：在这些和其他方面，每个人的地位形成了(shape)他对时事的看法。 20 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 第四段指出，媒体的存在也使政府比以前有了更多的观众，使人们关注更广泛的社会问题。在电视和全国范围发行的报纸诞生前，焦点问题和竞选活动往往局限于某一地域。 21 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 最后一段指出，引导公众意见的人通常是名人 (prominen
