1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 601及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture.
2、 When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 How to Write a Book Review I. The definition of a book review A. a descriptive and critical or evaluative
3、 account of a book B. a summary of content and an analysis of structure II. Two approaches to book reviewing A. the descriptive review giving the essential (1)_ about a book (1)_ B. the critical review describing and evaluating the book III. Basic requirements and minimum essentials A. Knowledge of
4、the book (2)_ (2)_ B. Mastery of the genre in the work C. Description, not a summary of the book D. Something about, not a biography of, the author E. (3)_ appraisal (3)_ IV. Five preliminary mechanical steps A. Reading the book (4)_ (4)_ B. Noting effective passages for quoting C. Noting your impre
5、ssions as you read D. (5)_ what you have read (5)_ E. Aiming at achieving a single impression V. Starting the outline A. Getting an over-all grasp of the organization B. Determining the central point to be made C. Eliminating (6)_ or irrelevancies (6)_ D. Filling in gaps or omissions VI. Making the
6、draft A. The opening paragraph in a position of emphasis, and setting the (7)_ of the paper (7)_ B. The main body being (8) organized by the outline (8)_ logical development of the central point C. The concluding paragraph summing up or (9)_ (9)_ making the final judgment introducing no new ideas VI
7、I. (10)_ the draft (10)_ A. Correcting all mistakes in grammar and punctuation B. Looking for unity, organization and logical development C. Verifying quotations for accuracy and checking the references 1 (1) 2 (2) 3 (3) 4 (4) 5 (5) 6 (6) 7 (7) 8 (8) 9 (9) 10 (10) SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In
8、this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview. 11 Whether yo
9、u keep all the receipts in a shoe box or use online banking, you should be clear about （ A） the safety of the trading process. （ B） how to make the most money. （ C） each sum you have earned and spent. （ D） your ability to make major purchases. 12 Why do couples need a separate account? （ A） For smal
10、l purchases. （ B） For major purchases. （ C） For household expenses. （ D） For mortgage payment. 13 Which of the following is NOT Sharons advice on checking your credit scores? （ A） Keep a copy of your credit report. （ B） Show your partner the credit report. （ C） Try to know your credit score. （ D） Lo
11、ck your credit report away. 14 How does Sharon describe “money date“? （ A） Its relaxing. （ B） Its unromantic. （ C） Its painful. （ D） Its devastating. 15 To find a reliable financial adviser, you have to do all the following EXCEPT （ A） search his information on some websites. （ B） see how your frien
12、ds comment on him. （ C） make sure hes always done a good job. （ D） tell him that you have high credit record. SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be
13、 given 10 seconds to answer the questions. 16 The statements which NATO-led forces made include all the following EXCEPT （ A） they have suspended this kind of rocket. （ B） they are investigating the accident. （ C） they had never killed civilians mistakenly. （ D） they are still proceeding with the op
14、eration. 17 Tensions have flared because （ A） Malaysias High Court used the word “Allah“. （ B） a Roman Catholic newspaper used the word “Allah“. （ C） a Catholic newspaper was permitted to use “Allah“. （ D） Muslim groups dont allow newspapers to use “Allah“. 18 The argument over the use of the word “
15、Allah“ has exposed that （ A） Muslim groups cant get along with most non-Muslims. （ B） Christians are not popular in this majority Muslim state. （ C） Muslim groups resent minorities like Christians deeply. （ D） minorities resent unfair treatments and desire freedom of religion. 19 The following peopl
16、e met Mexican President EXCEPT （ A） President Obama. （ B） business leaders. （ C） Congress leaders. （ D） Mexican immigrants. 20 The issues which the two leaders talked about yesterday include all the following EXCEPT （ A） immigration policies. （ B） organized crime and violence. （ C） U.S./Mexico broad
17、er security. （ D） trade between the two countries. 20 Margaret Spellings, the secretary of education, announced a pilot reform to the No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB), George Bushs education law, which was passed in 2002. Up to ten states, she said, would be allowed to target their resources at the m
18、ost severely struggling schools, rather than at the vast number needing improvement. The change drew a predictable mix of praise and censure. Above all, though, it was a reminder of utter inaction elsewhere. Congress, which was supposed to re-authorize the law last year, has made little progress. On
19、 the campaign trail, concerns over Iraq and the economy have made education a minor issue. Contrary to appearances, the laws main tenets are unlikely to be abandoned completely. But for the Democratic candidates in particular, a proper debate on NCLB is to be avoided like political quicksand. Most p
20、oliticians agree that the law has the right goals to raise educational standards and hold schools accountable for meeting them. NCLB requires states to test pupils on math and reading from third to eighth grade (that is, from the ages of eight to 13), and once in high school. Some science testing is
21、 being added. Schools that do not make “adequate yearly progress“ towards meeting state standards face sanctions. Pupils in failing schools can supposedly transfer to a better one or get tutoring. Most also agree that NCLB has big flaws that must be fixed. Few pupils in bad schools actually transfer
22、 less than 1% of those eligible did so in the 2003-04 school year. Teachers unions say the tests are focused too narrowly on math and reading, fail to measure progress over time and encourage “teaching to the test“. They also complain that the law lacks proper funding. The Thomas B. Fordham Foundati
23、on, a conservative policy group, has exposed wide gaps in state standards. Test-data reflect this. In Mississippi 90% of fourth-graders were labeled “proficient“ or better in the state reading test in 2006-07. Only 19% reached that level in a national test. John McCain, the Republican presidential n
24、ominee, offers NCLB tepid support but fails to elaborate. At Democratic rallies, NCLB is little more than a whipping-boy. Hillary Clinton proclaims that she will “end the unfunded mandate known as No Child Left Behind“. But though she and Barack Obama deride NCLB publicly, each endorses the idea of
25、accountability. They favor using more sophisticated “assessments“ in place of tests, want to value a broader range of skills, punish schools less and support them more. How these ideas would be implemented remains unclear. Not surprisingly, more controversial proposals can be found among those not r
26、unning for president. Chester Finn of Fordham thinks the federal government needs greater power to set standards, while states should have more leeway in meeting them. A bipartisan commission on NCLB has issued a slew of proposals. Particularly contentious is a plan to use pupils test scores to help
27、 identify ineffective teachers as in need of retraining. Of course, standards alone do not improve education. Both Mrs. Clinton and Mr. Obama propose a host of new programs for schools, described on their websites if rarely on campaign. But accountability is likely to remain a big part of school ref
28、orm. Last April a group of philanthropists announced a $60m effort to make education the top domestic issue of 2008. So far, it looks like money ill spent. 21 According to the passage, NCLB mainly aimed to （ A） provide tests for pupils on maths and reading from third to eighth grade. （ B） add some s
29、cience testing in schools for pupils aged from 8 to 13. （ C） enhance teaching standards which schools should be responsible for meeting. （ D） transfer pupils in failing schools to a better one or get them some tutoring. 22 The word “sanctions“ in the third paragraph means （ A） approval. （ B） punishm
30、ent. （ C） support. （ D） decree. 23 Which of the following is NOT a weakness of NCLB? （ A） The law has been properly funded. （ B） Only a few pupils in bad schools transfer. （ C） The tests are focused on nothing but maths and reading. （ D） The tests actually encourage “teaching to the test“. 24 From t
31、he descripton in the passage, we learn that （ A） controversial proposals can be found only among the presidential nominees. （ B） using pupils test scores to identify ineffective teachers has been widely accepted. （ C） both Democratic presidential nominees support the idea of accountability. （ D） nei
32、ther the Republican nor the Democratic presidential nominees favor NCLB. 24 When catastrophic floods hit Bangladesh, TNTs emergency-response team was ready. The logistics giant, with headquarters in Amsterdam, has 50 people on standby to intervene anywhere in the world at 48 hours notice. This is pa
33、rt of a five-year-old partnership with the World Food Program (WFP), the UNs a-gency that fights hunger. The team has attended to some two dozen emergencies, including the Asian tsunami in 2004. “Were just faster,“ says Ludo Oelrich, the director of TNTs “Moving the World“ program. Emergency help is
34、 not TNTs only offering. Volunteers do stints around the world on secondment to WFP and staff are encouraged to raise money for the program (they generated euro2.5m last year). There is knowledge transfer, too: TNT recently improved the school-food supply chain in Liberia, increasing WFPs efficiency
35、 by 15-20%, and plans to do the same in Congo. Why does TNT do these things? “People feel this is a company that does more than take care of the bottom line,“ says Mr. Oelrich. “Its providing a soul to TNT.“ In a 2006 staff survey, 68% said the pro-bono activities made them prouder to work at the co
36、mpany. It also helps with recruitment: three out of four graduates who apply for jobs mention the WFP connection. Last year the company came top in the Dow Jones Sustainability Index. TNTs experience illustrates several trends in corporate philanthropy. First, collaboration is in, especially with NG
37、Os. Companies try to pick partners with some relevance to their business. For TNT, the food program is a good fit because hunger is in part a logistical problem. Standard Chartered, a bank, is working with the Bangladesh Rural Advancement Committee on microfinance and with other NGOs on a campaign t
38、o help 10m blind people. Coca-Cola has identified water conservation as critical to its future as the worlds largest drinks company. Last June it announced an ambitious collaboration with WWF, a global environmental organization, to conserve seven major freshwater river basins. It is also working wi
39、th Greenpeace to eliminate carbon emissions from coolers and vending machines. The co-operation is strictly non-financial, but marks a change in outlook. “Ten years ago you couldnt get Coca-Cola and Greenpeace in the same room,“ says Neville Isdell, its CEO. Second, what used to be local community w
40、ork is increasingly becoming global community work. In the mid-1990s nearly all IBMs philanthropic spending was in America; now 60% is outside. Part of this involves a corporate version of the peace corps: young staff get one-month assignments in the developing world to work on worthy projects. The
41、idea is not only to make a difference on the ground, but also to develop managers who understand how the wider world works. Third, once a formal program is in place, it becomes hard to stop. Indeed, it tends to grow, not least because employees are keen. In 1996 KPMG allowed its staff in Britain to
42、spend two hours a month of their paid-for time on work for the community. Crucially for an accountancy firm, the work was given a time code. After a while it came to be seen as a business benefit. The program has expanded to half a day a month and now adds up to 40,000 donated hours a year. And incr
43、easingly it is not only inputs that are being measured but outputs as well. S, a software firm, tries to measure the impact of its volunteer programs, which involved 85% of its employees last year. All this has meant that straightforward cash donations have become less important. At IBM, in 1993 cas
44、h accounted for as much as 95% of total philanthropic giving; now it makes up only about 35%. But cash still matters. When Hank Paulson, now Americas treasury secretary, was boss of Goldman Sachs, he was persuaded to raise the amount that the firm chipped in to boost employees charitable donations.
45、Now it is starting a philanthropy fund aiming for $1 billion to which the partners will be encouraged to contribute a share of their pay. No doubt that is good for the banks soul. 25 According to the passage, TNT offers all of the following EXCEPT （ A） emergency help in the floods in Bangladesh. （ B
46、） emergency help in the Asian tsunami in 2004. （ C） volunteer work for World Food Program. （ D） conservation of seven major freshwater river basins. 26 From the third paragraph, we get the impression that TNTs pro-bono activities （ A） take care of the bottom line. （ B） help improve corporate image.
47、（ C） are mentioned by all job applicants. （ D） are the main concern of the company. 27 Which of the following is NOT an NGO? （ A） The Bangladesh Rural Advancement Committee. （ B） WWF. （ C） Goldman Sachs. （ D） Greenpeace. 28 All the followings describe the trends in corporate philanthropy EXCEPT （ A）
48、 collaborations with NGOs. （ B） globalized community work. （ C） growth trend of formal programs. （ D） increase of both input and output. 29 This passage is mainly about （ A） corporate culture. （ B） corporate philanthropy. （ C） corporate financing. （ D） corporate image. 29 Vibrations in the ground ar
49、e a poorly understood but probably widespread means of communication between animals. It seems unlikely that these animals could have detected seismic “preshocks“ that were missed by the sensitive vibration-detecting equipment that clutters the worlds earthquake laboratories. But it is possible. And the fact that many animal species behave strangely before other natural events such as storms, and that they have the abili
