1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 789及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture.
2、 When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 Using Mind Maps to Develop Our Writing Besides reading more, thinking much, seeking much, using mind maps
3、 is also an important way of writing improvement. I . What is a mind map? a【 B1】 _strategy for making notes on a topic before writing as opposed to【 B1】 _ brainstorming having an organized display of information for【 B2】 _a draft【 B2】 _ a【 B3】 _pre-writing activity, starting with a topic and then ge
4、nerating a【 B3】_ web of ideas from that II . How does a mind map work? as our visual design works well, or when created in groups to engender discussion 【 B4】 _the topic ourselves with greater interest and knowledge【 B4】 _ applying to almost any topic, especially【 B5】 _and narrative work【 B5】_ III .
5、 What to do with a mind map strategy? first, closing eyes and thinking about it in silence, noting down ideas then, working in groups, an opportunity for【 B6】 _【 B6】 _ the next stage, optional, teachers making a collective mind map, which is also a 【 B7】 _stage【 B7】 _ organizing our mind maps into a
6、 linear format IV. What are some other considerations? providing a context and【 B8】 _【 B8】 _ helping to decide important ideas and choose appropriate style beginning to write compositions, and exchanging them after a while to【 B9】 _【 B9】 _ feedback and possible re-writing exchanging texts again afte
7、r finished giving a communicative purpose developing an【 B10】 _that writing is for reading【 B10】 _ 1 【 B1】 2 【 B2】 3 【 B3】 4 【 B4】 5 【 B5】 6 【 B6】 7 【 B7】 8 【 B8】 9 【 B9】 10 【 B10】 SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer th
8、e questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview. 11 According to the interviewee, what brings South Central Asia higher risk? （ A） The building co
9、des dont suit the development. （ B） The big earthquakes take place where people live. （ C） The population of that area is too dense. （ D） The frequency of earthquakes is getting higher. 12 In which of the following countries did earthquakes kill the most people? （ A） Iran. （ B） India. （ C） Indonesia
10、. （ D） Burma. 13 Which of the following best describes the steps of figuring out the casualty of earthquakes? （ A） Registering the earthquakecalculating the details of the earthquakepredicting the loss of life and money. （ B） Gathering information about the buildingcalculating the details of the ear
11、thquakepredicting the loss of life and money. （ C） Calculating the details of the earthquakegathering information about the buildingpredicting the lo ss of life and money. （ D） Reporting the earthquakegathering the informationpredicting the loss of life and money. 14 According to the interview, what
12、 is the biggest obstacle of improving the buildings in South Central Asia? （ A） Science. （ B） Finance. （ C） Politics. （ D） Culture. 15 According to the interviewee, what should be done to prevent deaths? （ A） Improving the technology of earthquake prediction. （ B） Analyzing the cause of the large nu
13、mber of deaths. （ C） Tearing down the old and fragile buildings. （ D） Adjusting the building codes to the right level. SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, yo
14、u will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. 16 According to the news item, researchers can predict a heart attack by （ A） examining the plaques in the arteries. （ B） testing the flow of blood. （ C） consulting the high solution image of the heart and blood vessels. （ D） referring to the disea
15、se history of the patients. 17 The making of West Sumatra dish rendang （ A） is usually done by women. （ B） represents an old Indian tradition. （ C） forms the root of Indian cuisine. （ D） takes about eight hours. 18 Which of the following is NOT true according to the news? （ A） Indias population is t
16、he fourth largest in the world. （ B） Investors now have strong interest in India. （ C） Some people believe that culture promotion is not enoough in India. （ D） Indias strong economy owes much to its tourism. 19 According to the news item, which of the following will HLN focus on in political reports
17、 （ A） the presidential candidates. （ B） the change of policies. （ C） the common voters. （ D） the controversial issues. 20 What is the news item mainly about? （ A） The new features of HLNs political reports. （ B） The increasing influence of female voters. （ C） The leading anchor of HLN, Phillips. （ D
18、） The beginning of the presidential campaign. 20 Lately DreamWorks SKG has been a wandering tribe. The would-be studio, which made films such as American Beauty and War of the Worlds, sold itself to Paramount in 2005. When that arrangement fell apart it found new partners in Reliance Big Entertainme
19、nt, a Hollywood outfit, and Universal Studios. Then it fell out with Universal. So it was rather a surprise when, on February 9th,DreamWorks abruptly found itself in the promised land. Disney, the worlds foremost purveyor of wholesome entertainment, lent it money and agreed to market and distribute
20、its films. It is a good illustration of how the economic downturn is affecting Hollywood. Until recently executives were boasting that the film business was resistant, perhaps even immune, to recession. The number of cinema tickets sold actually increased during three out of the past four recessions
21、. Box-office receipts so far this year are higher than last year. Admittedly, the share prices of media companies have tumbledbut that is because of the collapse in television and print advertising, and has little to do with Tinseltown. Yet the downturn has profoundly affected the art of deal-making
22、. Although the breakdown of negotiations between DreamWorks and Universal has been followed by a storm of recriminations, the heart of the problem was that DreamWorks was finding it unexpectedly hard to raise debt. It is hardly alone in that. Two years ago investors were lubricating all sorts of str
23、ange alliances and start-upsTom Cruise wants to resurrect United Artists? Why not? But now the outside money has all but disappeared. The big studios, the primacy of which was never exactly threatened during the boom years, are now almost the only game in town. The alliance with DreamWorks is someth
24、ing of an about-turn for Disney. Under Bob Iger, who took over as chief executive in 2005, Disney has culled films that are a less than perfect fit for its family-friendly brand and has concentrated on turning those that are into amusement-park rides, lunch boxes and other spin-offs. This weeks deal
25、 will add as many as six films a year to Disneys pipeline, swelling it by about half. The surge will not happen at once, however: DreamWorks will have to raise more money before it is capable of producing that many. These days DreamWorks is largely Steven Spielbergs outfit. Jeffrey Katzenberg(the “K
26、“ in SKG)runs DreamWorks Animation, a separate, publicly owned company. David Geffen(the “G“)has retired from the studio. The remaining founder spoke warmly of Disney this week, calling it the “birthplace of imagination“. He is said to be looking forward to making more family films. Perhaps ,but he
27、still looks a little out of place in the magic kingdom. Mr. Spielberg became Americas best-known, and perhaps best, film director by fusing blockbuster spectacle with an unflinching take on family life. The households even in his PG-rated films are almost uniformly dysfunctional. Think of Richard Dr
28、eyfuss flinging plants through the window in Close Encounters of the Third Kind, Frances OConnor abandoning her adopted robot son by the roadside in A. I. or the defeated, self-deluding Christopher Walken in Catch Me If You Can. It is hard to imagine any of them donning Mickey Mouse ears. 21 The aut
29、hor describes DreamWorks as a wandering tribe because （ A） it is an unsettled tribe that is always on the move. （ B） it is abandoned by such big companies as Universal. （ C） it changes partners frequently these years. （ D） it finally begins its partnership with Disney. 22 The opening paragraph is tr
30、ying to convey that （ A） it is always easy for DreamWorks to find desirable partners. （ B） DreamWorks is broke and needs money from Disney. （ C） Disney choose DreamWorks because the latter makes films. （ D） the partnership between DreamWorks and Disney is unexpected. 23 Which of the following statem
31、ents is CORRECT according to the second and third paragraphs? （ A） Film industry was affected by economic recession just as executives were claiming. （ B） The collapse in print advertising is unrelated to the share prices of media companies. （ C） Two years ago DreamWorks was once threatened by the s
32、trange alliances and start-ups. （ D） The problem faced by DreamWorks during the economic downtown is more about money seeking than ticket selling. 24 By saying “The alliance with DreamWorks is something of an about-turn for Disney.“ in Paragraph Four, the author means that Disney will face （ A） a gr
33、eat profit. （ B） a big change. （ C） a promising future. （ D） an adversity. 25 It can be inferred from the last two paragraphs that （ A） Steven Spielbergs family movies are family-friendly and fit Disney well. （ B） Steven Spielberg worries about the coming cooperation with Disney. （ C） Steven Spielbe
34、rg intends to leave DreamWorks for Disney. （ D） Steven Spielberg and Disney may need adjustment to cooperate well. 25 Whenever I speak to educators and interested laypeople about neuroplasticitythe ability of the adult brain to change in function and structureone of the questions I often get is whet
35、her neuroplasticity can be tapped to treat truly devastating brain diseases such as Alzheimers or schizophrenia. After all, neuroplasticity has been used to treat stroke, depression, dyslexia, and other diseases or injuries of the brain. The jury is still out on Alzheimers(though since this disease
36、involves massive neuronal death, my bet is that the answer will, sadly, be no).But to my surprise, the answer to schizophrenia might just be yes. In schizophrenia, which affects about 1.1 percent of American adults, patients suffer from visual and auditory hallucinations, delusions,an absence of emo
37、tion, and cognitive deficits. All told, that seemed to be just too much for an approach based on neuroplasticity, which involves retraining the brain, to handle. But it turns out that at least some of the symptoms of schizophrenia can be lifted with brain training. In a study published in the July i
38、ssue of the American Journal of Psychiatry, scientists led by Sophia Vinogradov of the University of California, San Francisco, describe what they call “neuroplasticity-based auditory training“ to improve memory in people with schizophrenia. Basically, what they did was assign 55 patients with schiz
39、ophrenia to receive a cognitive-training program developed by Posit Science or to play a computer game that required just as much time and concentration. The Posit program, similar to one the company developed to improve memory in the elderly, emphasizes basic auditory and speech perception; partici
40、pants used it one hour a day, five days a week, for 10 weeks. The better they got, the harder the program got: it automatically adjusts the level of difficulty to keep the patients performance at a constant level so they stay engaged. Fisher and her colleagues found that the brain-trained group show
41、ed noticeably bigger improvements in cognition and verbal working memory than the game-playing control group. The emphasis on auditory training reflects the belief of UCSFs Michael Merzenich, a pioneer in neuroplasticity and cofounder of Posit, that this is the portal to improved memory and, possibl
42、y, cognition. The idea is that if you hear more clearly, then your brain makes fewer errors in encoding the information contained in speech. Its hard to argue with even preliminary success, odd as it seems that merely hearing better could bring about such improvements in memory(and not just memory f
43、or heard words; it improves memory for seen words as well). “This emphasis on perceptual processes is a critical insight of the Posit Science approach and a clear distinction from other cognitive-training programs,“says Green.“The significance of the new study,“ he says, is that “it addresses cognit
44、ive training at a more basic neurobiological level than any previous strategy. We can hope that the dramatic effects they have reported will prove to be replicable and durable and that they will extend to meaningful effects for patients lives.“ Hope is all well and good. But schizophrenia is notable
45、 not only for its severity, but for the yawning gap between whats known to be effective and what treatments patients actually receive. Green asks rhetorically, “if cognitive training for schizophrenia worked, would we not all know it by now?“ In fact, researchers do know it, and some clinicians know
46、 it, but by one estimate fewer than 15 percent of schizophrenics get it(or other treatments, rehabilitation and support that would let them live independently). In fact, in a paper earlier this year in Schizophrenia Bulletin, scientists led by Robert S. Kern of the Geffen School of Medicine at the U
47、niversity of California, Los Angeles, were quite upbeat in their assessment of treatments for schizophrenianone of them the problematic antipsychotic medications that in too many cases are all that people with schizophrenia receive. Take cognitive-behavior therapy. Its basic premise is that people c
48、an be taught to think about their thoughts differently. It is effective in depression where people are taught to think about their tendency to catastrophize“I had a bad date; no one will ever love me because I am worthless and unlovable“. But in something as serious as schizophrenia? Yes, Kern and h
49、is colleagues find. It turns out that, with cognitive-behavior therapy, patients who hear voices and feel persecuted can learn to see these symptoms as almost normal in that many people experience them when, say, they are sleep deprived, under extreme stress, drunk or stoned or as “just“ the manifestations of a neurobiological glitch and not real. The approach is surprisingly effective, a 2008 review found. Similarly, exercises to
