1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 793及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture.
2、 When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 Evaluating Speaking Speaking is a complex act with many different elements interacting to produce effecti
3、ve communication, so we consider some things that speakers need to be able to do when we want to evaluate this skill accurately. Five aspects are listed as follows. I . Phonological features of speech A.【 B1】 _consonants, vowels, diphthongs【 B1】 _ B. stressed and weak sounds in words C. stressed and
4、 weak words in speech D.【 B2】 _【 B2】 _ E.【 B3】 _falling, rising, flat, etc.【 B3】 _ F. features of connected speech II . Following the rules of language A. choosing the right vocabulary B. using grammar structures C. using features of discourse:【 B4】 _, coherence【 B4】 _ III.【 B5】 _【 B5】 _ A. non-verb
5、al tools: gestures and【 B6】 _【 B6】 _ B. other body language: eye contact, posture, positioning, etc. C.【 B7】 _: whispering, shouting, etc.【 B7】 _ IV. Communicative functions A. functions of vocabulary and grammar B. functions of intonation and moving stress C. recognizing features such as repetition
6、s, re-phrasing, pauses, etc. D. recognizing non-linguistic features such as changes in【 B8】 _【 B8】 _ V. Social meaning A.【 B9】 _languages【 B9】 _ B. connotation language C. direct and indirect language D. important social factors: social status, age, gender E.【 B10】 _: turn taking, exchanges【 B10】 _
7、F. other rules 1 【 B1】 2 【 B2】 3 【 B3】 4 【 B4】 5 【 B5】 6 【 B6】 7 【 B7】 8 【 B8】 9 【 B9】 10 【 B10】 SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of t
8、he interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview. 11 What is the finding introduced by the interviewee? （ A） Drugs seem to be able to target bacteria accurately. （ B） Certain drug combinations work well against HIV. （ C） Taking two
9、 drugs at the same time shouldnt be encouraged. （ D） Some bacteria are more resistant to drugs than others. 12 What happened the day after researchers put two antibiotics in the test tube containing E.coli? （ A） The two antibiotics began to work against each other. （ B） Most of the E.coli were kille
10、d by the antibiotics. （ C） E.coli showed a kind of resistance towards the drugs. （ D） The population of E.coli began to grow dramatically. 13 According to the interviewee, how do bacteria develop resistance? （ A） Some bacteria are so strong that drugs cant get into the cells. （ B） Some bacteria are
11、able to drive the drugs out of their cells. （ C） Some bacteria are able to hide behind other ones. （ D） Some bacteria can reproduce before they are killed by drugs. 14 According to the researchers, what should doctors do to treat diseases like HIV? （ A） Develope new drugs to avoid resistance. （ B） S
12、top using drugs when the patients condition allows. （ C） Use different drugs in turn during the treatment. （ D） Change the combination of drugs from time to time. 15 According to the interviewee, what is the problem with the research? （ A） The researchers cant explain what leads to the finding. （ B）
13、 Researchers only do the tests on one kind of bacteria. （ C） The research is still in the stage of controlled lab tests. （ D） There are still some flaws in the procedure of the research. SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and the
14、n answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. 16 According to the news item, what is the casualty of the fire at the hospital in Japan? （ A） 2 were injured and 8 were killed. （ B） 4 were injured and 2 were killed. （ C） 8 were
15、injured and 10 were killed. （ D） 10 were injured and 4 were killed. 17 What is the news item mainly about? （ A） The death of Ghanaian late President. （ B） Hillary Clintons visit to Ghana. （ C） The election campaign in Ghana. （ D） The democratic movement in Ghana. 18 Which of the following is TRUE ab
16、out John Atta Mills? （ A） He devoted himself in the fight of Ghanas independence. （ B） He contributed a lot to the stability of Ghana. （ C） He was the first elected President of Ghana. （ D） He became the President in December, 2008. 19 How did the police gain access to Melvin Colons Facebook profile
17、? （ A） He himself carelessly made his online information public. （ B） One of his Facebook friends cooperated with the police. （ C） The judge granted warrant of using his private information. （ D） Facebook made a deal with the police about its users privacy level. 20 Which of the following measures d
18、o police take to make use of the Internet to solve crimes? （ A） They use the search engines to find clues about cases. （ B） They supervise the suspects online activities. （ C） They try to make friends with the suspects on the Internet. （ D） They use the Internet to release emergency notice. 20 Judgi
19、ng by the wildly cheering audience at the orgy of consumerism that was Oprah Winfreys “ Ultimate Favourite Things“ show, American women have lost none of their enthusiasm for the finest stuff money can buy.(The handful of men in the audience seemed to share the feeling.)The show, screened in two par
20、ts just before Thanksgiving, the traditional start of the holiday shopping season, ended with each audience member going home with products ranging from a set of Oprah-branded Le Creuset pots to an iPad, some sparkling Ugg boots and a new car. Retailers must hope that the public will be as enthusias
21、tic about such products when they have to pay for them as the audience was when getting them free. They are certainly competing harder than ever to lure shoppers into their stores. Many are opening before sunrise on Black Friday, as the day after Thanksgiving is known(supposedly because it is the po
22、int in the financial year when retailers edge into the black). Wal-Mart was due to open most of its stores at the stroke of midnight. Sears decided to open on Thanksgiving Day itself for the first time, though still holding back its best bargains for Black Friday. In the hope that this will be a mer
23、rier festive season than last year, retailers have been hiring lots of temporary staff: in October those in areas other than the car trade added around 20,000 posts. David Resler of Nomura, a stockbroker, says Octobers hiring figures are usually a good predictor of how sales in the holiday season wi
24、ll turn out. In recent months sales have been picking up. Consumer spending rose in each of the five months to October, with even discretionary items like sports goods showing improved sales. However, sales of durable goods(washing machines and so forth)were unexpectedly weak in October, a sign of r
25、esidual caution among households. Retailers are making more use of social-networking sites such as Facebook to promote deals and build communities of like-minded shoppers. Sears, for example, has been getting customers to share their shopping tales through a “Be the Santa you want to be“ competition
26、. This has been the breakthrough year for Groupon. which uses social networking to let consumers earn discounts by recruiting their friends(the more people who sign up for an offer, the bigger the discount). But the internet is not always a retailers best friend. A plethora of new shopping-informati
27、on websites, such as leakedblackfridaydeals. com, is forcing prices down and making it harder for store chains to differentiate their offerings. Wal-Mart, the biggest retailer, is adding to the pressures on its rivals by offering to match any Black Friday deal they offer. Shares in Sears are still t
28、rading well below where they were last November. Overall, retailers shares have been unusually volatile in the past year or so as consumer confidence has fluctuated, refusing to form any sort of trend. How this holiday season turns out will certainly move the marketas well as determine whether share
29、holders approve the $ 3 billion sale announced on November 23rd of J.Crew, a clothing chain, to a group of private-equity firms. The vote will take place on January 15th; until then, J. Crew will continue to seek other buyers. Private-equity firms have become keen on retailers with strong brands bec
30、ause the recession has forced weaker ones out of business, leaving more space for the survivors. Productivity in retailing has also improved, in part through the better use of technology. So there is the prospect of strong profit growth and when the recovery gets into full swing. Stores that cater t
31、o well-off women have perhaps the best prospects this season. Such shoppers are “ready to declare the recession over“, says Michael Silverstein, the author of “Women Want More“, a book charting their growing spending-power. “They have worn through their unused inventory of apparel, fashion accessori
32、es and jewellery and are actively expanding their purchases,“ he says, predicting that retailers who serve them could enjoy a sales boost of as much as 10% compared with last years holiday season. Things may be very different for the bottom 40% of households, still committed to recession inspired pr
33、udence. Mr. Silverstein says that in many such families the woman has hung on to her job but is now the sole breadwinner. Such households “are going to hunt for bargains, recognise the holiday, but continue their frugal ways,“ he predicts. Retailers will be hoping that Oprah and all her glitzy goodi
34、es will tempt them to change their minds. But for a large proportion of Americans, window-shopping may be the nearest they get to such desirable items. 21 According to the passage, “ Ultimate Favourite Things“ show （ A） is a program for women. （ B） reflects economical crisis. （ C） sends out gifts to
35、 audience. （ D） is to celebrate Thanksgiving. 22 What do we learn from the second and the third paragraphs? （ A） Retailers are hiring about 20,000 staff in all this October. （ B） Sears offers the greatest deals on Thanksgiving only. （ C） Thanksgiving is a crucial chance to make money. （ D） Retailers
36、 open longer to meet customers needs. 23 Internet isnt always a retailers best friend mainly because （ A） stores have to match online shops low prices. （ B） Internets better bargains lead stores to harder time. （ C） Wal-Mart offers the same deal with online shops. （ D） Internet helps attract custome
37、rs in various ways. 24 Michael Silverstein implies the following facts EXCEPT that （ A） rich women will buy more despite of economic recession. （ B） retailers will suffer from the same poor sales as last year. （ C） a woman in difficulty will still celebrate holidays by buying. （ D） most Americans pr
38、efer to look rather than actually buy. 25 What is the main idea of this passage? （ A） Economic recession and American economy. （ B） Retailers tricks to encourage purchasing. （ C） Luxurious products favored by rich women. （ D） Holiday: retailors busy, not all shoppers happy. 25 Bianca Sforza attracte
39、d few stares when introduced to the art world on January 30, 1998. She was just a pretty face in a frame to the crowd at a Christies auction in New York City. Nobody knew her name at the time, or the name of the artist who had made the portrait. The catalog listed the worka colored chalk-and-ink dra
40、wing on vellumas early 19th century and German, with borrowed Renaissance styling. A New York dealer, Kate Ganz, purchased the picture for $21,850. The price hadnt budged almost ten years later when a Canadian collector, Peter Silverman, saw Biancas profile in Ganzs gallery and promptly bought it. T
41、he drawing might actually date from the Renaissance, he thought. Ganz herself had mentioned Leonardo da Vinci, that magical name, as an influence on the artist. Silverman came to wonder, “What if this is the work of the great Leonardo himself?“ That someone could walk into a gallery and buy a drawin
42、g that turns out to be a previously unknown Leonardo masterpiece, worth perhaps $ 100 million, seems pure urban myth. Discovery of a Leonardo is truly rare. At the time of Silvermans purchase, it had been more than 75 years since the last authentication of one of the masters paintings. There was no
43、record that the creator of the “Mona Lisa“ ever made a major work on vellum, no known copies, no preparatory drawings. If this image was an authentic Leonardo, where had it been hiding for 500 years? Silverman emailed a digital image of Bianca to Martin Kemp. Emeritus professor of art history at Oxf
44、ord University and a renowned Leonardo scholar, Kemp regularly receives images, sometimes two a week, from people he calls “Leonardo loonies,“ convinced they have discovered a New York. “My reflex is to say, No!“ Kemp told me. But the “uncanny vitality“ in the young womans face made him want a close
45、r look. He flew to Zurich, where Silverman kept the drawing in a vault. “When I saw it,“ Kemp said, “I experienced a kind of frisson, a feeling that this is not normal.“ That initial shiver of excitement compelled Kemp to embark on his own investigation. He was aided by high-resolution multispectral
46、 scans by Pascal Cotte of Lumiere Technology in Paris, allowing Kemp to study the drawings layers, from first strokes to later restorations. The more Kemp looked with his connoisseurs eye, the more he saw what he considered evidence of Leonardos handhow the hair bunched beneath the strings holding i
47、t in place, the beautiful modulation of colors, the precise lines. The expression conveyed Leonardos maxim that a portrait should reveal “motion of the mind.“ Kemp also needed proof that the portrait had been made during Leonardos lifetime(14521519)and that its historical particulars fit the artists
48、 biography. The vellum, probably calfskin, had been carbon-dated, its origin placed somewhere between 1440 and 1650. Costume research revealed that the sitter belonged specifically to the Milanese court of the 1490s, with its fashion for elaborately bound hair. Leonardo lived in Milan during this ti
49、me, accepting commissions for court portraits. Kemps detective work led him to a name, Bianca Sforza. An illegitimate daughter of the Duke of Milan, she was married in 1496 to Galeazzo Sanseverino, commander of the Milanese troops and a patron of Leonardos. Bianca was 13 or 14 at the time of the portrait. Tragically, she died a few months later, likely from an ectopic pregnancy. Kemp named the drawing “La Bella Principessa,“ the beautifu
