1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 801及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture.
2、 When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 How to Get a Paper Published I . Prerequisite doing mass【 B1】 _【 B1】 _ collecting mass information and da
3、ta II. Things you should do after the submission of your paper A. If you do not get an acknowledgement post【 B2】 _【 B2】 _ B. When not informed of a review decision for long write to the editor in a(n)【 B3】 _way【 B3】 _ III . Advisable【 B4】 _to the editor in different situations【 B4】 _ A. If the paper
4、 is rejected with good reasons accept and learn from the experience B. If you view the rejection as【 B5】 _【 B5】 _ make a protest supported by strong evidence and good reasons C. When confronted with the editors constructive advice consider【 B6】 _and attempt to revise【 B6】 _ D. When sending back the
5、revised manuscript write a general【 B7】 _:【 B7】 _ thank for his effort and comments promise comments considered reproduce the editors review aligned with the reply: remind the editor show him your【 B8】 _【 B8】 _ offer a good reason for suggestions not followed try to【 B9】 _the reviewer rather than fi
6、ght with him【 B9】 _ IV. Other warnings and advice attach importance to established【 B10】 _of academia【 B10】 _ avoid overemphasizing quantity of papers 1 【 B1】 2 【 B2】 3 【 B3】 4 【 B4】 5 【 B5】 6 【 B6】 7 【 B7】 8 【 B8】 9 【 B9】 10 【 B10】 SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this section you will hear every
7、thing ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview. 11 According to the interview, what can help
8、us to save time in daily life? （ A） Organizing personal belongings. （ B） Preparing convenient closets. （ C） Making simple drawers. （ D） Using advanced equipments. 12 Which of the following statements about bank online is CORRECT? （ A） Most people think it is unsafe. （ B） Some people think it is smar
9、t. （ C） Most people think it saves time. （ D） Some people think it is unsafe. 13 All of the following goods are suggested to be bought on shop online EXCEPT （ A） paper products. （ B） cleaning supplies. （ C） grain products. （ D） meats. 14 According to the interview, which of the following methods abo
10、ut saving time is NOT true? （ A） Reserving books on the librarys website. （ B） Printing boarding pass in advance. （ C） Buying railway tickets online. （ D） Stashing scissors in every single room. 15 What is used to quickly find the phone number in the phone book? （ A） Envelope flaps. （ B） Bright colo
11、rs. （ C） Old Christmas cards. （ D） Napkins. SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. 16 Which of the followi
12、ng is NOT mentioned as a factor to make retail sales rise? （ A） More money spent on clothing. （ B） More automobile sales. （ C） Stationery promotions. （ D） Lower luxury taxes. 17 Billy Ray White has applied for parole for （ A） 6 times. （ B） 10 times. （ C） 20 times. （ D） 24 times. 18 The parole board
13、denied Whites parole because （ A） he wrote threatening letters while he was in jail. （ B） he was sentenced two life sentences for his crimes. （ C） the Hall family held a campaign to keep him in prison. （ D） they believe that his release will be a threat to the society. 19 Mr. Netanyahu said his plan
14、 would greatly benefit the following group EXCEPT （ A） young couples. （ B） students. （ C） retired soldiers. （ D） officers on duty. 20 What is the ongoing demonstration against? （ A） Bureaucracy. （ B） Public transportation. （ C） High housing prices. （ D） Unemployment. 20 The world is planting a vigor
15、ous new crop: “agro-pessimism“, or fear that mankind will not be able to feed itself except by wrecking the environment. The current harvest of this variety of whine will be a bumper one. Natural disasters fire in Russia and flood in Pakistan, which are the worlds fifth- and eighth-largest wheat pro
16、ducers respectivelyhave added a Biblical colouring to an unfolding fear of famine. By 2050 world grain output will have to rise by half and meat production must double to meet demand. And that cannot easily happen because growth in grain yields is flattening out, there is little extra farmland and r
17、enewable water is running short. The world has been here before. In 1967 Paul Ehrlich, a Malthusian, wrote that “the battle to feed all of humanity is over. In the 1970s and 1980s hundreds of millions of people will starve to death. “ Five years later, in “The Limits to Growth“, the Club of Rome(a g
18、roup of business people and academics)argued that the world was running out of raw materials and that societies would probably collapse in the 21st century. A year after “The Limits to Growth“ appeared, however, and at a time when soaring oil prices seemed to confirm the Club of Romes worst fears, a
19、 country which was then a large net food importer decided to change the way it farmed. Driven partly by fear that it would not be able to import enough food, it decided to expand domestic production through scientific research, not subsidies. Instead of trying to protect farmers from international c
20、ompetition as much of the world still does it opened up to trade and let inefficient farms go to the wall. This was all the more remarkable because most of the country was then regarded as unfit for agricultural production. The country was Brazil. In the four decades since, it has become the first t
21、ropical agricultural giant and the first to challenge the dominance of the “big five“ food exporters(America, Canada, Australia, Argentina and the European Union). Even more striking than the fact of its success has been the manner of it. Brazil has followed more or less the opposite of the agro-pes
22、simists prescription. For them, sustainability is the greatest virtue and is best achieved by encouraging small farms and organic practices. They frown on monocultures and chemical fertilisers. They like agricultural research but loathe genetically modified(GM)plants. They think it is more important
23、 for food to be sold on local than on international markets. Brazils farms are sustainable, too, thanks to abundant land and water. But they are many times the size even of American ones. Farmers buy inputs and sell crops on a scale that makes sense only if there are world markets for them. And they
24、 depend critically on new technology. As the briefing explains, Brazils progress has been underpinned by the state agricultural-research company and pushed forward by GM crops. Brazil represents a clear alternative to the growing belief that, in farming, small and organic are beautiful. That alterna
25、tive commands respect for three reasons. First, it is magnificently productive. It is not too much to talk about a miracle, and one that has been achieved without the huge state subsidies that prop up farmers in Europe and America. Second, the Brazilian way of farming is more likely to do good in th
26、e poorest countries of Africa and Asia. Brazils climate is tropical, like theirs. Its success was built partly on improving grasses from Africa and cattle from India. Of course there are myriad reasons why its way of farming will not translate easily, notably that its success was achieved at a time
27、when the climate was relatively stable whereas now uncertainty looms. Still, the basic ingredients of Brazils success- agricultural research, capital-intensive large farms, openness to trade and to new farming techniques should work elsewhere. Third, Brazil shows a different way of striking a balanc
28、e between farming and the environment. The country is accused of promoting agriculture by razing the Amazon forest. And it is true that there has been too much destructive farming there. But most of the revolution of the past 40 years has taken place in the cerrado, hundreds of miles away. Norman Bo
29、rlaug, who is often called the father of the Green Revolution, said the best way to save the worlds imperilled ecosystems would be to grow so much food elsewhere that nobody would need to touch the natural wonders. Brazil shows that can be done. It also shows that change will not come about by itsel
30、f. Four decades ago, the country faced a farm crisis and responded with decisive boldness. The world is facing a slow-motion food crisis now. It should learn from Brazil. 21 “Agro-pessimism“ refers to （ A） a new crop with more harvest. （ B） a sort of psychological disorder. （ C） contradiction betwee
31、n humans and nature. （ D） fear that humans will starve to death. 22 The examples in Paragraph Two are to support the idea that （ A） famine has happened long ago. （ B） the same thing happened before. （ C） humans are using up natural resources. （ D） warnings should be paid attention to. 23 Worried abo
32、ut inadequate imported food, Brazil （ A） supported inefficient farms financially. （ B） properly prevented international competition. （ C） let its farms go through fierce trials. （ D） exploit more land by scientific research. 24 According to the passage, Brazils farming （ A） is an example of agro-pes
33、simism. （ B） is a successful example to follow. （ C） sees productivity most important. （ D） succeeds solely by GM plants. 25 Which of the following is the most suitable title for this passage? （ A） Brazils Farming Mode Saves the World. （ B） Fear of Hunger Encloses the World. （ C） Booming Population
34、Destructs the World. （ D） Science and Technology May Feed the World. 25 Azhar Usman, a stand-up comic, says he is a “very patriotic“ American Muslim. “I would die for this country,“ he declares. After a pause, he adds: “By blowing myself up.“ After another pause: “Inside of a Dunkin Donuts.“ His lar
35、gely white, liberal audience guffaws. But not everyone gets the joke: one furious listener thought he was advocating the murder of police officers, who apparently can often be found in doughnut shops. Asked what it is like being a Muslim in America, Mr. Usman says it depends on the headlines. When h
36、e heard about the young Nigerian who tried to down a Detroit-bound plane with a bomb strapped to his crotch, he says he felt two things: disgust at the perversion of Islam that teaches that mass murder is sacred, and a feeling of “Here we go again.“ Mr. Usman has a bushy beard, South Asian looks and
37、 the middle name “Muhammad“. At times like these, people like him attract fearful glances. It was worse after September 11th, 2001. Recorded hate crimes against Muslims soared. These were mostly non-violent the FBI reported no instances that year of an American Muslim being murdered for his faith. B
38、ut threats and vandalism are nasty enough. And Muslims endured countless slights that, while not worth reporting to the police, were vexing. Shabana Shakir-Ahmed, a suburban mother from Cincinnati, recalls chatting with a shop assistant not long after the twin towers fell. She does not wear the hija
39、b, so the assistant did not at first realise she was Muslim. But when she saw the name on her credit card, her attitude stiffened. Mrs. Shakir-Ahmed had bought enough cosmetics to qualify for a free bag, but when she asked for it, the assistant said they were all gone, though there was a heap of the
40、m behind her. To an encouraging degree, Americas Muslims are well-off and well-integrated. A Gallup poll last year found them slightly more likely than other Americans to have jobs, and slightly more likely to be professionals. They are much more satisfied with their lives than Muslims in France or
41、Britain. According to a Pew poll, 72% say their communities are good places to live and 71% believe that most people who want to get ahead in America can do so if they work hard. Muslim Americans are somewhat less likely to vote than other groups, but they were elated when Barack Obama, a man with M
42、uslim roots, was elected president. Many chafed when he ramped up the war in Afghanistan, but hardly any would prefer his predecessor. Overall, this is a far brighter picture than the headlines suggest. It is a diverse one, too. Asked about their race, a plurality(35%)of American Muslims describe th
43、emselves as African-American. Another 28% say they are white, 18% say Asian and 18% tick “other“. Racial disparities among Muslims roughly mirror those in the broader society. Asian-American Muslims are better educated and earn more than African-American ones, for example. And an immigrant Muslim de
44、ntist will have quite different experiences from a black American who converted while in jail. Dalia Mogahed of Gallups Centre for Muslim Studies argues that because American Muslims are so well integrated, they strongly reject terrorism. This is true, but not uniformly so. Muslim Americans under 30
45、 are twice as likely as their elders to believe that suicide-attacks on civilians in defence of Islam are sometimes justified(15% versus 6%, according to Pew). There is a marked streak of alienation among black Muslims, only 36% of whom say they have a “very unfavourable“ view of al-Qaeda. Only a mi
46、nority of Muslim Americans believe that Arab Muslims carried out the attacks of September 11th, 2001. Among those who express alarming views, only a tiny fraction will do anything terrible. Most of those who speak approvingly of suicide-bombing are no doubt thinking of wars in far-off lands, rather
47、than blowing up the local mall. But it does not take many terrorists to cause mayhem. Major Nidal Hasan, who shot and killed 13 people at Fort Hood in November, acted alone. Such attacks may be rare, but people fear them because the victims are chosen at random and the perpetrators are utterly merci
48、less. Obnoxious pundits pour petrol on the flames. Michael Savage, a talk-radio host, describes the growth of Americas Muslim population as “throat-slitters.clawing at the gate“. Being a religious minority rather than a racial one, Muslims are easier to stereotype. In theory, they all believe in one
49、 book. By selectively quoting Koranic verses that sound bloodthirsty, Islamophobes can argue that Islam is a religion of war.(One could do something similar with Bible verses that, for example, endorse slavery, but few Americans worry that the Christians next door will enslave them.)Muslims are viewed more suspiciously: only atheists and Scientologists score worse in polls. A survey of Protestant pastors found that two-thirds of them deemed Islam “dangerou
