1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 844及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE In this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the mini-lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the mini-lecture, please complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s) you
2、 fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking. You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task. 0 Suggestopedia I . Introduction A. Based on how the brain works and how we learn most effectively B. Derived from【 T1】 _and pedagog
3、y【 T1】 _ C. Accelerating the learning speed to about【 T2】 _of the conventional【 T2】 _ methods II.【 T3】 _【 T3】 _ A. Enhance learning B. Be a system for liberation the preliminary【 T4】 _【 T4】 _ the previously suggested programs III. The key elements and four main stages A. The key elements: a rich sen
4、sory learning environment a positive expectation of success -【 T5】 _【 T5】 _ B. The four stages: presentation -【 T6】 _【 T6】 _ passive review -【 T7】 _【 T7】 _ IV. Factors we should pay attention to A. Music: slow tempo,【 T8】 _【 T8】 _ voices and instruments should coordinate with orchestra so that stude
5、nts can be【 T9】 _【 T9】 _ B.【 T10】 _: 【 T10】 _ cover lots of【 T11】 _in class【 T11】 _ structure the materials in golden proportion be highly【 T12】 _, reliable and credible【 T12】 _ establish good relations with students act as authority and security C.【 T13】 _: 【 T13】 _ include acting, singing songs, p
6、laying games, telling stories, carrying on 【 T14】 _and psycho-dramas【 T14】 _ the teacher structures them carefully V. Conclusions Certain elements can be used more comprehensively: A. Music used both in the background and during activities B. Conditions in which learners are【 T15】 _and receptive【 T1
7、5】 _ 1 【 T1】 2 【 T2】 3 【 T3】 4 【 T4】 5 【 T5】 6 【 T6】 7 【 T7】 8 【 T8】 9 【 T9】 10 【 T10】 11 【 T11】 12 【 T12】 13 【 T13】 14 【 T14】 15 【 T15】 SECTION B INTERVIEW In this section you will hear ONE interview. The interview will be divided into TWO parts. At the end of each part, five questions will be aske
8、d about what was said. Both the interview and the questions will be spoken ONCE ONLY. After each question there will be a ten-second pause. During the pause, you should read the four choices of A , B , C and D , and mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO. You have THIRTY seconds t
9、o preview the questions. （ A） He is a professor in a college. （ B） He is an expert in technology. （ C） He is a fitness consultant. （ D） He is a doctor at the American College of Sports Medicine. （ A） Because their living standards are improved. （ B） Because they lack exercises. （ C） Because companie
10、s provide too many nutritious foods. （ D） Because their salary is increased. （ A） They prefer to use e-mails nowadays rather than writing messages. （ B） There is less contact among them in the office. （ C） They become tired and lazy due to the heavy pressure. （ D） They rely on technology too much. （
11、 A） They should avoid taking the bus or the subway to go to work. （ B） They can do some exercises while on the bus or subway. （ C） They can get off a few stops earlier and walk to work place. （ D） They can walk all the way to work. （ A） Riding a bicycle. （ B） Squat movement. （ C） Running. （ D） Climb
12、ing stairs. （ A） Less energy. （ B） Not greasy. （ C） Good nutrition. （ D） Non-caloric. （ A） Because it can help to control calories. （ B） Because it can reduce expense. （ C） Because it is more hygienic. （ D） Because it can save more time. （ A） It is a good way of losing weight. （ B） It is a solution
13、that doesnt work. （ C） It is an efficient way of improving health. （ D） It is a way of wasting time. （ A） Many people will feel awkward to exercise in front of their bosses. （ B） There is not enough space for people to exercise at desk. （ C） It is difficult for people to remember the workout program
14、s in the magazines. （ D） The boss does not like his employees to do exercise at desk. （ A） Neutral. （ B） Worried. （ C） Optimistic. （ D） Pessimistic. SECTION A MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS In this section there are several passages followed by fourteen multiple-choice questions. For each multiple-choice
15、 question, there are four suggested answers marked A , B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer. 25 Lately DreamWorks SKG has been a wandering tribe. The would-be studio, which made films such as American Beauty and War of the Worlds, sold itself to Paramount in 2005. When that a
16、rrangement fell apart it found new partners in Reliance Big Entertainment, a Hollywood outfit, and Universal Studios. Then it fell out with Universal. So it was rather a surprise when, on February 9th, DreamWorks abruptly found itself in the promised land. Disney, the worlds foremost purveyor of who
17、lesome entertainment, lent it money and agreed to market and distribute its films. It is a good illustration of how the economic downturn is affecting Hollywood. Until recently executives were boasting that the film business was resistant, perhaps even immune, to recession. The number of cinema tick
18、ets sold actually increased during three out of the past four recessions. Box-office receipts so far this year are higher than last year. Admittedly, the share prices of media companies have tumbledbut that is because of the collapse in television and print advertising, and has little to do with Tin
19、seltown. Yet the downturn has profoundly affected the art of deal-making. Although the breakdown of negotiations between DreamWorks and Universal has been followed by a storm of recriminations, the heart of the problem was that DreamWorks was finding it unexpectedly hard to raise debt. It is hardly
20、alone in that. Two years ago investors were lubricating all sorts of strange alliances and start-upsTom Cruise wants to resurrect United Artists? Why not? But now the outside money has all but disappeared. The big studios, the primacy of which was never exactly threatened during the boom years, are
21、now almost the only game in town. The alliance with DreamWorks is something of an about-turn for Disney. Under Bob Iger, who took over as chief executive in 2005, Disney has culled films that are a less than perfect fit for its family-friendly brand and has concentrated on turning those that are int
22、o amusement-park rides, lunch boxes and other spinoffs. This weeks deal will add as many as six films a year to Disneys pipeline, swelling it by about half. The surge will not happen at once, however: DreamWorks will have to raise more money before it is capable of producing that many. These days Dr
23、eamWorks is largely Steven Spielbergs outfit. Jeffrey Katzenberg(the “K“ in SKG)runs DreamWorks Animation, a separate, publicly owned company. David Geffen(the “G“)has retired from the studio. The remaining founder spoke warmly of Disney this week, calling it the “birthplace of imagination“. He is s
24、aid to be looking forward to making more family films. Perhaps, but he still looks a little out of place in the magic kingdom. Mr. Spielberg became Americas best-known, and perhaps best, film director by fusing blockbuster spectacle with an unflinching take on family life. The households even in his
25、 PG-rated films are almost uniformly dysfunctional. Think of Richard Dreyfuss flinging plants through the window in Close Encounters of the Third Kind, Frances OConnor abandoning her adopted robot son by the roadside in A. I. or the defeated, self-deluding Christopher Walken in Catch Me If You Can.
26、It is hard to imagine any of them donning Mickey Mouse ears. 26 Which of the following statements is CORRECT according to the second and third paragraphs? （ A） Film industry was affected by economic recession just as executives claimed. （ B） The collapse in print advertising is unrelated to the shar
27、e prices of media companies. （ C） Two years ago DreamWorks was once threatened by the strange alliances and start-ups. （ D） The problem faced by DreamWorks during the economic downturn is more about money seeking than ticket selling. 27 By saying “The alliance with DreamWorks is something of an abou
28、t-turn for Disney. “ in Paragraph Four, the author means that Disney will face_. （ A） a great profit （ B） a big change （ C） a promising future （ D） an adversity 28 It can be inferred from the last two paragraphs that_. （ A） Steven Spielbergs family movies are family-friendly and fit Disney well （ B）
29、 Steven Spielberg worries about the coming cooperation with Disney （ C） Steven Spielberg intends to leave DreamWorks for Disney （ D） Steven Spielberg and Disney may need adjustment to cooperate well 28 Whenever I speak to educators and interested laypeople about neuroplasticitythe ability of the adu
30、lt brain to change in function and structureone of the questions I often get is whether neuroplasticity can be tapped to treat truly devastating brain diseases such as Alzheimers or schizophrenia. After all, neuroplasticity has been used to treat stroke, depression, dyslexia, and other diseases or i
31、njuries of the brain. The jury is still out on Alzheimers(though since this disease involves massive neuronal death, my bet is that the answer will, sadly, be no). But to my surprise, the answer to schizophrenia might just be yes. In schizophrenia, which affects about 1. 1 percent of American adults
32、, patients suffer from visual and auditory hallucinations, delusions,an absence of emotion, and cognitive deficits. All told, that seemed to be just too much for an approach based on neuroplasticity, which involves retraining the brain, to handle. But it turns out that at least some of the symptoms
33、of schizophrenia can be lifted with brain training. In a study published in the July issue of the American Journal of Psychiatry, scientists led by Sophia Vinogradov of the University of California, San Francisco, describe what they call “ neuroplasticity-based auditory training“ to improve memory i
34、n people with schizophrenia. Basically, what they did was to assign 55 patients with schizophrenia to receive a cognitive-training program developed by Posit Science or to play a computer game that required just as much time and concentration. The Posit program, similar to one the company developed
35、to improve memory in the elderly, emphasizes basic auditory and speech perception: participants used it one hour a day, five days a week, for ten weeks. The better they got, the harder the program got: it automatically adjusts the level of difficulty to keep the patients performance at a constant le
36、vel so they stay engaged. Fisher and her colleagues found that the brain-trained group showed noticeably bigger improvements in cognition and verbal working memory than the game-playing control group. The emphasis on auditory training reflects the belief of UCSFs Michael Merzenich, a pioneer in neur
37、oplasticity and cofounder of Posit, that this is the portal to improved memory and, possibly, cognition. The idea is that if you hear more clearly, then your brain makes fewer errors in encoding the information contained in speech. Its hard to argue with even preliminary success, odd as it seems tha
38、t merely hearing better could bring about such improvements in memory(and not just memory for heard words: it improves memory for seen words as well). “This emphasis on perceptual processes is a critical insight of the Posit Science approach and a clear distinction from other cognitive-training prog
39、rams,“ says Green. “ The significance of the new study,“ he says, is that “it addresses cognitive training at a more basic neurobiological level than any previous strategy. We can hope that the dramatic effects they have reported will prove to be replicable and durable and that they will extend to m
40、eaningful effects for patients lives. “ Hope is all well and good. But schizophrenia is notable not only for its severity, but for the yawning gap between whats known to be effective and what treatments patients actually receive. Green asks rhetorically, “if cognitive training for schizophrenia work
41、ed, would we not all know it by now?“ In fact, researchers do know it, and some clinicians know it, but by one estimate fewer than 15 percent of schizophrenics get it(or other treatments, rehabilitation and support that would let them live independently). In fact, in a paper earlier this year in Sch
42、izophrenia Bulletin, scientists led by Robert S. Kern of the Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles, were quite upbeat in their assessment of treatments for schizophrenia none of them the problematic antipsychotic medications that in too many cases are all that people
43、 with schizophrenia receive. Take cognitive-behavior therapy. Its basic premise is that people can be taught to think about their thoughts differently. It is effective in depression where people are taught to think about their tendency to catastrophize“I had a bad date: no one will ever love me beca
44、use I am worthless and unlovable“. But in something as serious as schizophrenia? Yes, Kern and his colleagues find. It turns out that, with cognitive-behavior therapy, patients who hear voices and feel persecuted can learn to see these symptoms as almost normal in that many people experience them wh
45、en, say, they are sleep deprived, under extreme stress, drunk or stoned or as “just“ the manifestations of a neurobiological glitch and not real. The approach is surprisingly effective, a 2008 review found. Similarly, exercises to improve attention, learning and memory, reasoning and problem-solving
46、which 90 percent of people with schizophrenia have problems withalso help, as this study found, and make a meaningful difference in whether the person can live independently and hold a job. The tragedy is thatdue to an overburdened medical system, inadequate insurance and an inability to pay, as wel
47、l as simply ignorance about how to find helpfew patients with schizophrenia receive what works. 29 The author mentions the study published by Sophia Vinogradov and her colleagues in order to illustrate_. （ A） that brain training helps to decrease the severity of schizophrenia （ B） that patients with
48、 schizophrenia are capable of playing computer games （ C） whether the patients can keep pace with the level of difficulty steadily （ D） that auditory training is helpful to all the symptoms of schizophrenia 30 It can be inferred from Paragraphs Six and Seven that_. （ A） cognitive training turns out
49、to be effective to treatments for schizophrenia （ B） both Green and Robert Kern doubt the effectiveness of cognitive training （ C） patients of schizophrenia can only receive 15% of treatments for schizophrenia （ D） patients of schizophrenia can always get effective treatments 31 Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? （ A） Neuroplastic
