1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 854及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE In this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the mini-lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the mini-lecture, please complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s) you
2、 fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking. You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task. 0 Language Comprehension, a Cognitive Element of Reading I. Introduction Reading: decoding and_【 T1】 _ II. Language comprehension ab
3、ility to_【 T2】 _ A. different “levels“ of language -_【 T3】 _ childrens language B. different types of language -_【 T4】 _ e.g. talk with friends for children: _【 T5】 _ formal language: _【 T6】 _ e.g. asking a child to retell a story C. different_of language comprehension【 T7】 _ explicit comprehension
4、The listener understands what is_.【 T8】 _ _understanding【 T9】 _ One has to consider the context, the speaker and_.【 T10】 _ speaker and listeners_in communication【 T11】 _ III. Demands on children A. developing an understanding of different genres, _, perspectives, and styles【 T12】 _ B. understanding
5、how those elements reflect the_of the speaker, author, or storyteller【 T13】 _ _the underlying meaning of communication【 T14】 _ C. paying attention to_【 T15】 _ 1 【 T1】 2 【 T2】 3 【 T3】 4 【 T4】 5 【 T5】 6 【 T6】 7 【 T7】 8 【 T8】 9 【 T9】 10 【 T10】 11 【 T11】 12 【 T12】 13 【 T13】 14 【 T14】 15 【 T15】 SECTION B
6、 INTERVIEW In this section you will hear ONE interview. The interview will be divided into TWO parts. At the end of each part, five questions will be asked about what was said. Both the interview and the questions will be spoken ONCE ONLY. After each question there will be a ten-second pause. During
7、 the pause, you should read the four choices of A , B , C and D , and mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO. You have THIRTY seconds to preview the questions. （ A） Creativity of Google engineers. （ B） The “twenty cents“. （ C） The recent recession. （ D） The importance of creativit
8、y. （ A） To let the two proceed on their own. （ B） To ask people to work together. （ C） To choose one for them to develop. （ D） To order them to change subjects. （ A） America suffers badly from the recession. （ B） America has more financial support than other countries. （ C） America has more jobs los
9、t and more jobs created per year. （ D） America has more experience in starting from scratch. （ A） New companies are born by defeating old ones. （ B） New jobs are created while old ones are lost. （ C） Many companies are formed out of recession. （ D） Some jobs and companies are destroyed creatively. （
10、 A） Positive. （ B） Negative. （ C） Neutral. （ D） Ambiguous. （ A） Because during tough times personal costs will be minimized. （ B） Because during tough times government will give more incentives. （ C） Because innovation occurs everywhere. （ D） Because few resources lead to more focus on ongoing attem
11、pts. （ A） It will remain much the same as today. （ B） It will continue to focus on end users. （ C） It will retain the same values. （ D） It will continue to focus on creativity. （ A） To show that Google will double its size in 18 months. （ B） To indicate Googles prospect in ten years. （ C） To demonst
12、rate that everything will be better in the future. （ D） To offer a look into a farther developed world in the future. （ A） Because itll be more convenient. （ B） Because itll be much cheaper. （ C） Because itll be much faster. （ D） Because people prefer that way. （ A） A goggle producer. （ B） A critic.
13、 （ C） A Google user. （ D） Google CEO. SECTION A MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS In this section there are several passages followed by fourteen multiple-choice questions. For each multiple-choice question, there are four suggested answers marked A , B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best an
14、swer. 25 Too much time in the sun may be especially harmful for baby, according to a review of new insights by the American Academy of Pediatrics into the importance of protecting young skin. Baby and toddler skin differs considerably from the skin of older children and adults, so its important to p
15、rotect infants from early on. The notion that babies dont get sunburned is false: research has shown evidence of UV-induced pigmentation, starting with babys first exposure to summer sun. And those early changes may contribute to the development of skin cancer later on. As a result, pediatricians ne
16、ed to emphasize the importance of staying safe in the sun to new parents. Parents need to recalibrate their thinking and be vigorous with sun protection from early on. What we know about sun protection is all based on studies in adults. But there are physiological differences between kids and adults
17、 in the barrier function of skin, with fluctuating lipid-to-protein ratios and various sizes of cells. Research has shown that the skin on the backs or outside of babies arms changes in pigmentation when theyre exposed to UV light. Even in the first summer of life, there is a measurable difference.
18、The AAPs current recommendation is to apply sunscreen to babies six months and older parents should use sunscreens with gentler, more moisturizing ingredients for babies but researchers say that lower age limit is most likely flexible. Theres probably no harm in putting sunscreen on a younger child,
19、 after the first few weeks. Sunscreen is only one defense against sun exposure for babies and children as well as adults. You should also practice sun avoidance, especially for kids under 6 months old, which means staying out of the sun during the hottest parts of the day 10 a.m. to 4 p.m. Remember
20、also to wear protective clothing. If you are using sunscreen, be sure to use enough and to reapply regularly. Selecting appropriate sunscreens is another challenge. In general, physical sunscreens that rely on titanium dioxide or zinc oxide to block the suns rays, and sit on the surface of the skin,
21、 are preferable to chemical sunscreens, which contain chemicals that may be absorbed by the skin. It can be hard to find affordable physical sunscreens, though often marketed as “natural“ sunscreens that dont contain preservatives such as parabens, which some experts worry may disrupt the endocrine
22、system. The fact is that its hard to get away from additives. So are parabens a problem? They can be a sensitizer, but theyre not as bad as many think. 26 What does “AAP“ at the beginning of the third paragraph stand for? （ A） American Association of Protection. （ B） The Association of American Prot
23、ection. （ C） American Academy of Pediatrics. （ D） The Academy of American Pediatrics. 27 In its context the statement that “lower age limit is most likely flexible“ means that_. （ A） sunscreen may probably be applied to babies younger than six months （ B） it is flexible to apply a limited amount of
24、sunscreen to babies （ C） sunscreen may probably harm a child below the age limit （ D） it is flexible to change the limit to a younger age 28 According to the passage, most peoples view on skin protection against the sun is that_. （ A） babies dont get sunburned （ B） UV light can change pigmentation （
25、 C） its important to protect infants skin from early on （ D） parents should apply sunscreen to babies six months and older 28 William E. Dodd was an academic historian, living a quiet life in Chicago, when Franklin D. Roosevelt appointed him United States ambassador to Germany. It was 1933, Hitler h
26、ad recently been appointed chancellor, the world was about to change. Had Dodd gone to Berlin by himself, his reports of events, his diary entries, his quarrels with the State Department, his conversations with Roosevelt would be source material for specialists. But the general reader is in luck on
27、two counts: First, Dodd took his family to Berlin, including his young, beautiful and sexually adventurous daughter, Martha: second, the book that recounts this story, “ In the Garden of Beasts,“ is by Erik Larson, the author of “The Devil in the White City.“ Larson has meticulously researched the D
28、odds intimate witness to Hitlers ascendancy and created an edifying narrative of this historical byway that has all the pleasures of a political thriller: innocents abroad, the gathering storm. When the Dodds arrived in Germany in July 1933, storm troopers were beating American tourists bloody on th
29、e streets. Jews(1 percent of Germanys population)were targets of brutal violence and ever tightening social restrictions. Martha Dodd found life in Berlin entirely charming. Many men courted her and found her eagerly responsive. She was enthralled with the Nazi movement: “I felt like a child, ebulli
30、ent and careless, the intoxication of the new regime working like wine in me,“ she wrote in her memoir. To a friend she said, “We sort of dont like the Jews anyway.“ In this last, at least, she echoed the general view at home. Public opinion was isolationist: the country would scarcely open its door
31、s to German-Jewish refugees: the State Department was filled with anti-Semites, inclined to let Hitler have his way. American Jewish leaders were themselves divided on the best response to the crisis. As Roosevelt had instructed Dodd, Germanys treatment of Jews was shameful, but it was not the busin
32、ess of the American government. At first, Dodd was optimistic that Hitlers regime would change. But as the months passed, it became clear to him that a disaster was in process, that Hitler was bound for a war to dominate Europe. Dodd became a Cassandra: “What mistakes and blunders,“ he wrote, “ and
33、no democratic peoples do anything!“ In her love affairs, Martha was ecumenical and prodigal: Rudolph Diels, for one, chief of the Gestapo: the writer Thomas Wolfe, when he came to town: a French diplomat: a German flying ace: and most important, Boris Winogradov, who was attached to the Soviet Embas
34、sy, and with whom she fell in love. Martha, now disillusioned with the Nazis, was recruited by the Soviet secret police. After almost five years in Germany, Dodd came home exhausted and ill. He continued to warn of the great danger ahead, but, as he wrote to Roosevelt in 1939, after Hitlers invasion
35、 of Poland, “Now it is too late.“ A few months later, he was dead. Winogradov disappeared in Stalins purges, but Martha continued her connection with Soviet intelligence. When she returned to the United States, she was no longer useful as a agent. Nevertheless, in 1953, when Martha and her husband,
36、Alfred Stern, were subpoenaed by the House Committee on Un-American Activities, they fled to Mexico, and from there to Prague, where Martha died in 1990 at the age of 82, disillusioned once again. The story of prewar Germany, of the Jews, of book burnings, of the Reichstag trial, of the Night of the
37、 Long Knives, of the Nuremberg rally, of the unfolding disaster is old news. But Larson has connected the dots to make a fresh picture of these terrible events. 29 According to the passage, which of the following groups of people might be viewed as being aggressive? （ A） Storm troopers. （ B） America
38、n tourists. （ C） Hitler. （ D） Semites. 30 What does “Night of the Long Knives“ in the last paragraph indicate? （ A） Bloody murders. （ B） Bloody purges. （ C） Arms race. （ D） The process of arming for war. 31 The passage is probably a(n)_. （ A） autobiography （ B） chronicle of William E. Dodds life （ C
39、） prelude to the WWII （ D） introduction to a book 32 A suitable title for the passage would be_. （ A） In the Garden of Beasts （ B） Sleeping with the Gestapo （ C） The Devil in the White City （ D） An Ambassadors Autobiography 32 Right now we could all use a selective memory wipe a magical eraser to re
40、move all the misery Michael Jackson endured and caused. Just for a minute, wed like to have pure recollections of the thrilling dancer and singer who dominated 80s music, created the all-time best-selling album of new songs(Thriller)and seemed the very model of the cool dude with the sensitive soul.
41、 And we wouldnt mind feeling some uncomplicated warmth for the young Jacko who, as the Cupid and Kewpie doll of the Motown brother act the Jackson Five, displayed the charisma that marked him for future and, we thought, perpetual stardom. Why cant a pop icons life and legacy be as easy as ABC? On th
42、e evening of his death from cardiac arrest, fans by the thousands convened at impromptu memorial sites. Unable to commemorate his passing at his star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame it was covered by a red carpet outside the Chinese Theatre, where a Bruno premiere was to take place the pop phenoms adm
43、irers placed notes and flowers further down Hollywood Boulevard on the star of a much less famous radio host who happened also to be named Michael Jackson. Newscasters mostly observed the rule of decorum in such matters: speak only good of the dead. As Josh Tyrangiel noted in his obit, there was muc
44、h good, much brilliance, to speak of. Hail to the King of Pop: rest in peace. And yet, as Tyrangiel also pointed out, Jacksons memory is complicated, compromised, tainted. In some ways his decline was familiar: the star attraction whose star fades. Once the richest of pop idols, he flirted with bank
45、ruptcy in the past decade, selling many of his assets to Sony to wipe out huge debts. For years his main income came not from his own music but from royalties from much of the Beatles catalog, which he owned. He may have relinquished some of these rights in a financing deal with Sony: details were n
46、ot made public. Jackson was also forced to sell his Neverland ranch outside Santa Barbara, Calif., and auction off many of its treasures. Some antics, like dangling his infant son Prince from a balcony, tested the limits of what an eccentric celebrity could get away with. Other aspects of Jacksons f
47、all come close to being unique. For the past two decades, he has been famous for being infamous: the sad, self-mutilating creature who may have acted on impulses he thought were paternal but were in fact predatory. Accused twice of child molestation the first time, in 1994, he escaped trial by payin
48、g his accuser $22 million: he was acquitted in 2005 of a second charge Jackson acknowledged the evidence was damning enough even to a public that demands little but that their stars offer a semblance of recognizable humanity. Soon after his career went stratospheric, Jackson went extraterrestrial. W
49、ith the aid of plastic surgeons who should have known better, he almost literally defaced himself. For some imaginary Madame Tussauds, he transformed himself into his own waxed figure, a modern Phantom of the Opera in pallor and disfigurement. A pop star has problems when his fans cant bear to look at him. Jacksons
