[外语类试卷]专业英语八级(GENERAL KNOWLEDGE)模拟试卷1及答案与解析.doc

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1、专业英语八级( GENERAL KNOWLEDGE)模拟试卷 1及答案与解析 一、 PART III GENERAL KNOWLEDGE (10 MIN) Directions: There are ten multiple-choice questions in this section. Choose the best answer to each question. 1 During the British Civil War, the supporters of the king were called ( A) Cavaliers. ( B) merchants. ( C) Roun

2、dheads. ( D) Scots. 2 In the late 17th century, the most famous writers were ( A) John Bunyan and John Milton. ( B) John Bunyan and John Donne. ( C) John Donne and John Milton. ( D) John Donne and Francis Bacon. 3 The Renaissance began in_in the early 14th century. ( A) Britain ( B) Italy ( C) Franc

3、e ( D) Greece 4 British English is spoken in ( A) Great Britain. ( B) Australia. ( C) New Zealand. ( D) A, B, and C 5 Raising ones open hand with palm down to ones throat means “_“ in English culture. ( A) Shame on you. ( B) Im full. ( C) Kill yourself. ( D) Youre shorter than I. 6 _River flows thro

4、ugh New York State and into New York City. ( A) The Mississippi ( B) The Rio Grand ( C) The Ohio ( D) The Hudson 7 Which group of words belongs to the close class? ( A) Adjectives. ( B) Adverbs. ( C) Prepositions. ( D) Nouns. 8 Speech act theory is an important theory in the_study of language. ( A)

5、semantic ( B) pragmatic ( C) phonetic ( D) morphological 9 John Firth, Malinowski and Halliday are the representatives of_School, known as Functional Linguistics. ( A) Prague School ( B) Copenhagen School ( C) London School ( D) Behaviorism School 10 The novel Pride and Prejudice was written by the

6、famous woman writer ( A) Charlotte Bronte. ( B) Emily Bronte. ( C) Jane Austen. ( D) Jane Eyre. 11 The Wars of Roses was ended by_who destroyed the forces of the two sides of the wars, and the feudal basis of society was completely broken. ( A) Henry II ( B) Henry VIi ( C) Henry VIII ( D) Henry IV 1

7、2 A cold dish of raw vegetables with a dressing is called ( A) hamburger. ( B) sandwich. ( C) salad. ( D) pudding. 13 The first known settlers of Britain were ( A) the Jutes. ( B) the Celts. ( C) the Saxons. ( D) the Iberians. 14 Ireland is called the Emerald Isle for its rich green countryside, but

8、 politically it is divided into two parts; ( A) Northern Ireland and Southern Ireland. ( B) Southern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland. ( C) the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland. ( D) Northern Ireland and Britain. 15 Hawthorne generally concerned himself with such issues as_in his fictions

9、. ( A) the evil in mans heart ( B) the material pursuit ( C) the racial conflict ( D) the social inequality 16 All his novels reveal that, as time went on, Mark Twain became increasingly ( A) prolific. ( B) artistic. ( C) optimistic. ( D) pessimistic. 17 The English Renaissance period was an age of

10、( A) poetry and drama. ( B) drama and novel. ( C) novel and poetry. ( D) romance and poetry. 18 Most embedded clauses require an introductory word called a subordinator, such as “that, until, before,_,“ and so on. ( A) so ( B) if ( C) for ( D) but 19 The most obvious and rapid change in the developm

11、ent of a language takes place in the area of ( A) pronunciation. ( B) vocabulary. ( C) grammar. ( D) speech. 20 “Lead (metal) “ and “ lead ( dogs head)“ are spelt in the same way, but pronounced differently. This kind of sense relation is called ( A) polysemy. ( B) antonymy. ( C) homonymy. ( D) hypo

12、nymy. 21 The Grand Canyon, carved by the Colorado River, in northwestern_is one of natures most impressive sights. ( A) Utah ( B) Arizona ( C) Nevada ( D) Oregon 22 Of all the symbols,_, which are considered to represent fertility and new life, are those most frequently associated with Easter. ( A)

13、the pumpkin and the turkey ( B) the lamb and the beef ( C) the spring peas and the potatoes ( D) the egg and the rabbit 23 The Tories are the forerunners of_ , which still bears the nickname today. ( A) the Labour Party ( B) the Liberal Party ( C) the Social Democratic Party ( D) the Conservative Pa

14、rty 24 The heir to the English throne is named the _, which was initiated by Edward I in 1301. ( A) Prince of Scotland ( B) Prince of England ( C) Prince of Wales ( D) Prince of Northern Ireland 25 Whitmans poems are characterized by all the following features EXCEPT ( A) the strict poetic form. ( B

15、) the free and natural rhythm. ( C) the easy flow of feelings. ( D) the simple and conversational language. 26 The 18 th century witnessed a new literary form the_modern English novel , which is contrary to the medieval romance, gives a presentation of life of the common people. ( A) romantic ( B) r

16、ealistic ( C) prophetic ( D) idealistic 27 William Wordsworth, a romantic poet, advocated all of the following EXCEPT ( A) normal contemporary speech patterns. ( B) humble and rustic life as subject matter. ( C) elegant wording and inflated figures of speech. ( D) intensely subjective feeling toward

17、 individual experience. 28 The following words, EXCEPT_, form a minimal set and three minimal pairs. ( A) beat ( B) bit ( C) bet ( D) hat 29 What is the relationship between “livestock“ and “cattle“? ( A) Polysemy. ( B) Antonymy. ( C) Homonymy. ( D) Hyponymy. 30 One way to overcome regional variatio

18、n and facilitate the communication between speakers of different dialects is to enforce_. ( A) phonetic reform ( B) language planning ( C) language reform ( D) social planning 31 The Second World War ended with the unconditional surrender of Germany in ( A) 1944. ( B) 1945. ( C) 1946. ( D) 1943 32 T

19、he flag which is a combination of Britains three parts is known as ( A) the United Nation. ( B) St. Patrick. ( C) the Union Jack. ( D) Great Britain. 33 If an English speaker refuses the compliment which merely comes out of politeness he may say ( A) No, I dont think so. ( B) Oh, you are too polite.

20、 ( C) Do you really think so? ( D) Oh, I wish it could be true. 34 A fault line runs the length of New Zealand, which means that it often has ( A) floods. ( B) volcanic eruptions. ( C) earthquakes. ( D) droughts. 35 _describes in detail a communist society. ( A) Robin Hood ( B) Vanity Fair ( C) Utop

21、ia ( D) The Waste Land 36 Emily Dickinson wrote many short poems on various aspects of life. Which of the following is NOT a usual subject of her poetic expression? ( A) Religion and immortality. ( B) Life and death. ( C) Love and marriage. ( D) War and peace. 37 Which group of writers is among thos

22、e who may be called early pioneers of American literature? ( A) Mark Twain and Henry James. ( B) Fenimore Cooper and Washington Irving. ( C) Ernest Hemingway and William Faulkner ( D) Jack London and 0. Henry. 38 The most striking phonetic difference between American and British English is the pronu

23、nciation of_in words. ( A) r ( B) a ( C) wh ( D) er 39 In English, “vis“ bears the meaning of “to look at something“ and can be combined with affixes to form new words, as in supervise, revise, etc. In this sense, “vis“ is a _ morpheme. ( A) bound ( B) free ( C) inflectional ( D) independent 40 The

24、study of the phonic medium of language is defined as ( A) morphology. ( B) semantics. ( C) phonetics. ( D) phonology. 41 The highest mountain in Britain is ( A) Scafell. ( B) Ben Nevis. ( C) Snowdonia. ( D) Belfast. 42 In Britain,the Conservative Party and the Labor Party are the major political pow

25、ers. In general election,_tend to be more inclined to support the Conservative Party. ( A) the older and women ( B) the young and men ( C) university students ( D) farmers 43 _, located at the southern end of Lake Michigan, is the second largest city in the US. ( A) New York ( B) Washington D.C. ( C

26、) Chicago ( D) Philadelphia 44 Australia has always been a continent with few people mainly because ( A) Australia is too far away from Europe. ( B) most of the continent is hot and dry. ( C) Australia is separated from the rest of the world by seas. ( D) Australia is the least mountainous and most

27、level of the worlds continents. 45 Which of the following historical events does NOT directly help to stimulate the rising of the Renaissance Movement? ( A) The rediscovery of ancient Greek and Roman culture. ( B) The new discoveries in geography and astrology. ( C) The Glorious Revolution. ( D) The

28、 religious reformation and the economic expansion. 46 After The Adventures of Tom Sawyer, Twain gives a literary independence to Toms buddy Huck in a book entitled ( A) Life on the Mississippi. ( B) The Gilded Age. ( C) The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. ( D) A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthurs Co

29、urt. 47 Dr. Faustus is a play based on the German legend of a magician aspiring for_ and finally meeting his tragic end as a result of selling his soul to the Devil. ( A) treasure ( B) immortality ( C) political power ( D) knowledge 48 The word “intolerable“ consists of_morphemes. ( A) 1 ( B) 2 ( C)

30、 3 ( D) 4 49 Which of the following sentences is possible to arouse ambiguity? ( A) Smoking cigarettes can be nauseating. ( B) Tony is a dirty street fighter. ( C) Fish and chip is delicious. ( D) The man is too heavy to move. 50 In_ , linguists probe into the possibility of combining linguistic the

31、ories and language teaching. ( A) lexicology ( B) pragmatics ( C) pedagogy ( D) applied linguistics 专业英语八级( GENERAL KNOWLEDGE)模拟试卷 1答案与解析 一、 PART III GENERAL KNOWLEDGE (10 MIN) Directions: There are ten multiple-choice questions in this section. Choose the best answer to each question. 1 【正确答案】 A 【试

32、题解析】 骑士派是保皇党人士;商人是圆颅派的部分成员;圆颅派支持议会,是与国王相对立的一方;苏格兰人与英国内战没有太大关系。答案为 A。 【知识模块】 GENERAL KNOWLEDGE 2 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 John Bunyan和 John Milton都是 17世纪末英国资产阶级革命时期的著名作家。而 John Donne和 Francis Bacon都是 17世纪初文艺复兴时期的作家。 【知识模块】 GENERAL KNOWLEDGE 3 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 欧洲的文艺复兴在 14世纪初起源于意大利。 【知识模块】 GENERAL KNOWLEDGE 4 【正

33、确答案】 D 【试题解析】 在所谓的六个说英语的国家 (Englishspeaking countries)中,除了位于北美洲的加拿大和美国说美式英 语外,其余四国都说英式英语,包括此题提到的英国、澳大利亚和新西兰外,还有爱尔兰共和国,故 D正确。 【知识模块】 GENERAL KNOWLEDGE 5 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 在英国文化中,手掌向下放在喉咙处指 “吃饱了 ”, B项 “Im full”即吃饱的意思。 【知识模块】 GENERAL KNOWLEDGE 6 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 本题选项中的四个河流都是美国的重要河流。 The Mississippi是美国最重要的

34、河流,有着 “父亲河 ”的美誉; The Rio Grand是美国和墨西哥两国交界处的河流,也是两国的国界线; The Ohio是 The Mississippi的一个重要支流;The Hudson流经纽约州和纽约市。答案为 D。 【知识模块】 GENERAL KNOWLEDGE 7 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 英语词汇可以分为两大类,开放类词和封闭类词。前者包括名词、动词、形容词和副词,后者包括介词、冠词、连词等。故 C符合题意,属封闭类词。 【知识模块】 GENERAL KNOWLEDGE 8 【正确答案】 B 【试题解 析】 言语行为理论 (Speech act theory)属语用

35、学 (pragmatics)的研究范畴,而非语义学 (semantics)、语音学 (phonetics)和形态学 (morphology)的研究领域。 【知识模块】 GENERAL KNOWLEDGE 9 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 “伦敦学派 ”是现代语言学重要学派之一。创始人是 John Firth(弗斯 )。他自 20世纪 30年代起,在伦敦大学东方和非洲研究院语音学系与一些同事和门生一起逐步建立了这个学派,其成员有 R H罗宾斯、 W 哈斯、马林诺夫斯基、韩礼德等。答案为 C。 【知识模块】 GENERAL KNOWLEDGE 10 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 Pride a

36、nd Prejudice(傲慢与偏见 )是 Jane Austen的代表作,答案为 C。 Jane Eyre(简 爱 )是 Charlotte Bronte的代表作品。 Emily Bronte是Charlotte Bronte的妹妹,代表作是 Wuthering Heights(呼啸山庄 )。两姐妹都是 19世纪著名女小说家。 【知识模块】 GENERAL KNOWLEDGE 11 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 玫瑰之战是英国历史上的著名战争,从 1455年到 1485年历时 30年,最后以 Henry VII的胜利而告终。之后英国进行了一系列的改革,逐渐摆脱封建制度开始走向资本主义社会。

37、故 B正确。 【知识模块】 GENERAL KNOWLEDGE 12 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 本题为英美文化的常识题。在所给选项中,只有 salad为凉菜,其他的食品虽然可以凉食但都要经过烘焙,故 C正确。 【知识模块】 GENERAL KNOWLEDGE 13 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 目前所知的英国最早的居民为 the Iberians,生活在公元前 3000年的新石器时代。早期英国不断受到入侵者的骚扰, the Celts于公元前 700年来到英国, the Jutes和 the Saxons在公元五世纪时到来,并征服了这片土地。故 D正确。 【知识模块】 GENERAL

38、KNOWLEDGE 14 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 爱尔兰岛的北部为英国领土的一部分,南部为爱尔兰共和国的领土。从政治意义上讲,它被划分为 the Republic of Ireland和 Northern Ireland。故 C正确。 【知识模块】 GENERAL KNOWLEDGE 15 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 美国作家 Hawthorne的著名作品是 The Scarlet Letter,以爱情悲剧为主题,揭示了人性丑恶的一面,故 A正确。 【知识模块】 GENERAL KNOWLEDGE 16 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 19世纪末,美国国力不断增强,同时社会中的不平

39、等和各种丑恶也显现出来,这个时期的著名作 家是 Mark Twain。他的作品 The Gilded Age反映了当时的社会现状,也展现了他对社会的不满和悲观态度,故 D正确。 【知识模块】 GENERAL KNOWLEDGE 17 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 英国的文艺复兴主要体现在文学成就上。其中最主要的代表人物为Shakespeare,他既是诗人也是戏剧作家。诗和戏剧正是英国当时的主要文学成就,那时还没有小说的出现,浪漫主义则出现在文艺复兴之后,故 A正确。 【知识模块】 GENERAL KNOWLEDGE 18 【正确 答案】 B 【试题解析】 此题要求找到从属连词,在所给选项中很

40、显然是 if.或者通过排除法,看到 so, for和 but都是并列连词,也只剩下 if,故 B正确。 【知识模块】 GENERAL KNOWLEDGE 19 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 语言中变化最快、最活跃的部分的是词汇,它反映了社会的发展变化,新词不断涌现,旧词被淘汰,或发生了意义的改变。而语音、语法和语篇则相对稳定,故 B正确。 【知识模块】 GENERAL KNOWLEDGE 20 【正确答案】 C 【试题解 析】 lead和 lead虽然拼写相同,但是发音不同,意义也不同,这种词被称为同形异义词 (homonymy)。 polysemy为一词多义, antonymy为反义词关系

41、, hyponymy为上下义关系,都与题干描述的例子无关,故 C正确。 【知识模块】 GENERAL KNOWLEDGE 21 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 尽管选项中的四个州都位于美国西部,但 The Grand Canyon大峡谷位于 Arizona州,故 B正确。 【知识模块】 GENERAL KNOWLEDGE 22 【 正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 复活节的标志是彩蛋和多产的兔子,故 D正确。南瓜是 Halloween的标志,火鸡是圣诞大餐中的一道菜;其他则是非节日标志性食品。 【知识模块】 GENERAL KNOWLEDGE 23 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 辉格党是保守党的

42、前身,因而 the Conservative Party是正确答案。 【知识模块】 GENERAL KNOWLEDGE 24 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 Edward I在 1301年征服了威尔士,收并为英国领土 ,为了稳定在那里的统治,他把儿子命名为威尔士王子。之后王室的太子则成为 Prince of Wales,其他王子没有此称号,故 C正确。 【知识模块】 GENERAL KNOWLEDGE 25 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 惠特曼以自由体诗而闻名。诗作语言简洁,韵律自然流畅,不拘一格,流露着自然情感。因而拘泥于严格的诗体不是惠特曼的风格,故 A正确。 【知识模块】 GENERA

43、L KNOWLEDGE 26 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 18世纪的小说体现的是普通人的生活,属现实 主义作品的主题。代表作家有 Charles Dickens和 W M Thackeray等,故 B正确。 【知识模块】 GENERAL KNOWLEDGE 27 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 William Wordsworth是浪漫主义诗人,以抒情诗为主,语言华美,不落俗套。因而 A项不是 Wordsworth所提倡的,故为答案。 【知识模块】 GENERAL KNOWLEDGE 28 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 beat, bit和 bet三个词只有中间的元音不同,两旁的辅音相同

44、 ,属于一组 a minimal set,而 hat有两个音与上述的词不能结为 minimal pair,故 D正确。 【知识模块】 GENERAL KNOWLEDGE 29 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 家畜包括牛,它们属上下义关系 (hyponymy),故 D正确。polysemy是一词多义, antonymy是反义词关系, homonymy是同形异义词。 【知识模块】 GENERAL KNOWLEDGE 30 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 要消除方言带来的交流不便,需要做语言策划,而 不是语言或语音改革或社会计划行动,故 B正确。 【知识模块】 GENERAL KNOWLEDGE 3

45、1 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 第二次世界大战以德国的无条件投降结束,其时间为 1945年,故B正确。 【知识模块】 GENERAL KNOWLEDGE 32 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 英国的国旗有一昵称,为 the Union Jack,它由三部分构成:Englands St George, Irelands St Patrick和 Scotlands St Andrew,故 C正确。 【知识模块】 GENERAL KNOWLEDGE 33 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 英国人在礼貌地拒绝他人的赞美时,会用词委婉地说 “Oh, I wish it could be true ”其

46、他的表达方式都不合适,选项 A还有中国式英语之嫌,故 D正确。 【知识模块】 GENERAL KNOWLEDGE 34 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 本题干的理解关键在 “fault”一词,这里指的并非 “错误 ”,而是 “断层 ”。新西兰位于两大板块的连接处,断层线由北向南穿越了 整个新西兰。断层的不稳定性造成了新西兰诸多地震的发生,故 C正确。 【知识模块】 GENERAL KNOWLEDGE 35 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 乌托邦是 Utopia的音译名称。该作品描述了理想中的共产主义社会,对共产主义的理论形成产生过巨大影响。其他作品鲁宾汉 Robin Hood、名利场 Vani

47、ty Fair和荒原 The Waste Land中没有涉及到共产主义社会,故 C正确。 【知识模块】 GENERAL KNOWLEDGE 36 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 Emily Dickinson作为女诗人关注的多为生死和爱情,还有涉及宗教主题的诗作,但是她没有涉及战争与和平的作品,故 D正确。 【知识模块】 GENERAL KNOWLEDGE 37 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 美国文学的先驱是 19世纪初的作家 Fenimore Cooper和Washington Irving。 Mark Twain和 Henry James是 19世纪末的著名作家;Ernest Hemin

48、gway和 William Faulkner是 20世纪初的著名小说家; Jack London和 O Henry与上述作家的文学地位还有差距,故 B正确。 【知识模块】 GENERAL KNOWLEDGE 38 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 美语与英语在语音上的最显著差异在于辅音 r是否发音上。例如:car美语中发为 ka:r,而英语中为 ku: 。其他的字母 a、 wh和 er在英美式发音上也有区别,但没有 r的区别显著,故 A正确。 【知识模块】 GENERAL KNOWLEDGE 39 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 本题理解了 “can be combined with affix

49、es to form new words”这句话的意思就会很快找到答案, “vis可以和词缀构成新的单词 ”,而 vis又不是一个独立词,因而它是一个粘着词素,故 A正确。 【知识模块】 GENERAL KNOWLEDGE 40 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 研究发声媒介的学科是音位学 (phonetics),这里容易发生混淆的是语音学 (phonology)。这两个学科都研究语音,但着重点不同。音位学研究的是如何发声,而语音学则主要研究语音的组合及其特点。 morphology是形态学,semantics是语义学,都与语音研究无关,故 C正确。 【知识模块】 GENERAL KNOWLEDGE 41 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 Scafell是英格兰的最高峰; Ben Nevis位于苏格兰,是英国的最高峰; Snow-donia是威尔士的最高峰,有名的旅游区; Belfast是北爱尔兰的首府,并非山峰的名字,故 B正确。 【知识模块】 GENERAL KNOW

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