1、专业英语八级（听力）模拟试卷 191及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE In this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the mini-lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the mini-lecture, please complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s)
2、 you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking. You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task. 0 Is English Appropriate for a Global Language? Several intrinsic features of English language have made it an appropriate choic
3、e as a global language. I. The【 T1】 _ of Englishs vocabulary【 T1】 _ 1. Large amount of English words in common use 2. Large numbers of【 T2】 _【 T2】 _ 3. The wealth of English idioms and phrases II. The【 T3】 _ of the language【 T3】 _ 1. Word order. 2.【 T4】 _ as active or passive【 T4】 _ 3. The same word
4、 as both a noun and a verb 4. New words can easily be created A. By the addition of prefixes or suffixes B. By【 T5】 _ or fusing existing words together【 T5】 _ III. Generally simpler【 T6】 _【 T6】 _ 1. No noun genders 2.【 T7】 _【 T7】 _ 3. No distinction between【 T8】 _ addresses【 T8】 _ 4. Almost no case
5、forms for nouns IV. Simple spelling and pronunciation 1. No subtle【 T9】 _variations【 T9】 _ 2. Few consonant clusters 3. Between【 T10】 _ and 52 unique sounds in English【 T10】 _ 4. Consonants are fairly regular in pronunciation 5. No accents or diacritical marks 6. Preserving the original spelling of【
6、 T11】 _【 T11】 _ 7. Some inconsistencies help to distinguish between【 T12】 _【 T12】 _ V. A cosmopolitan language 1. Adopting thousands of words from other languages 2. Concise, as shown in the length of【 T13】 _【 T13】 _ 3. Less prone to misunderstandings 4. No distinction between formal and informal【 T
7、14】 _【 T14】 _ 5. No complex【 T15】 _ distinction【 T15】 _ 1 【 T1】 2 【 T2】 3 【 T3】 4 【 T4】 5 【 T5】 6 【 T6】 7 【 T7】 8 【 T8】 9 【 T9】 10 【 T10】 11 【 T11】 12 【 T12】 13 【 T13】 14 【 T14】 15 【 T15】 15 How to Use the Internet to Learn a Language? Internet has made communication and learning a language much mor
8、e accessible. To make the best use of the resources on the Internet, we need to know how we can use Internet to learn a language. I. Preparation Review how【 T1】 _ you are in the language【 T1】 _ Decide which aspect you want to【 T2】 _【 T2】 _ II. Five Ways of using Internet to learn a language A. Look
9、for lessons online For beginners, search lessons about【 T3】 _【 T3】 _ Lessons in some languages are more【 T4】 _【 T4】 _ than those in other languages Stream an Internet radio station and【 T5】 _【 T5】 _ You may also listen to podcast B. Read an online newspaper Pick out new words and【 T6】 _【 T6】 _ Learn
10、 some slang and become【 T7】 _【 T7】 _ 【 T8】 _ articles from or into the language【 T8】 _ you are learning C. Search for【 T9】 _ in the language【 T9】 _ Look for【 T10】 _ and read them with the translated version【 T10】 _ D. Watch【 T11】 _【 T11】 _ Find clips of TV shows and movies To train your listening sk
11、ill, look for【 T12】 _【 T12】 _ E. Find a partner who speaks the language Go to【 T13】 _【 T13】 _ Three important factors in partnering up a)【 T14】 _【 T14】 _ b)Intermediate proficiency or greater c)Talking or writing to your partner【 T15】 _【 T15】 _ 16 【 T1】 17 【 T2】 18 【 T3】 19 【 T4】 20 【 T5】 21 【 T6】 2
12、2 【 T7】 23 【 T8】 24 【 T9】 25 【 T10】 26 【 T11】 27 【 T12】 28 【 T13】 29 【 T14】 30 【 T15】 专业英语八级（听力）模拟试卷 191答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE In this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the mini-lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the mini-lecture, please complete the gap-filling task on AN
13、SWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking. You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task. 0 【听力原文】 Is English Appropriate for a Globa
14、l Language? Good morning, everyone. Today, we will continue our discussion about English as a global language. Some have argued that there are intrinsic features of the English language that set it apart, and make it an appropriate choice as a global language and it may be worthwhile investigating s
15、ome of these claims. Today, I will give you a brief account of these features and approach the question whether English is appropriate for a global language. 1First of all, the richness and depth of Englishs vocabulary sets it apart from other languages. The 1989 revised “Oxford English Dictionary“
16、lists 615,000 words in 20 volumes, officially the worlds largest dictionary. If technical and scientific words were to be included, the total would rise to well over a million. By some estimates, the English lexicon is currently increasing by over 8,500 words a year, although other estimates put thi
17、s as high as 15,000 to 20,000. It is estimated that about 200,000 English words are in common use, as compared to 184,000 in German, and mere 100,000 in French.2The availability of large numbers of synonyms allows shades of distinction that are just not available to non-English speakers and, althoug
18、h other languages have books of synonyms, none has anything on quite the scale of “Rogets Thesaurus“. Add to this the wealth of English idioms and phrases, and the available material with which to express meaning is truly prodigious, whether the intention is poetry, business or just everyday convers
19、ation. 3Secondly, English is a very flexible language.4One example of this is in respect of word order and the ability to phrase sentences as active or passive e.g. I kicked the ball, or the ball was kicked by me. Another is in the ability to use the same word as both a noun and a verb, such as drin
20、k, fight, silence, etc.5New words can easily be created by the addition of prefixes or suffixes e.g. brightness, fixation, unintelligible, etc, or by compounding or fusing existing words together e.g. airport, seashore, footwear, etc. Just how far Englishs much-vaunted flexibility should go or shoul
21、d be allowed to go is a hotly-debated topic, though. For example, should common but incorrect usages be accepted as part of the natural evolution of the language, or reviled as inexcusable sloppi-ness which should be summarily nipped in the bud? 6Thirdly, its grammar is generally simpler than most l
22、anguages. It dispenses completely with noun genders,7and often dispenses with the article completely.8The distinction between familiar and formal addresses was abandoned centuries ago. Case forms for nouns are almost non-existent, with the exception of some personal pronouns like I/me/mine, he/ him/
23、his, etc, as compared to Finnish, for example, which has fifteen forms for every noun, or Russian which has 12. In German, each verb has 16 different forms, while English only retains 5 at most(e.g. ride, rides, rode, riding, ridden)and often only requires 3(e.g. hit, hits, hitting). Well, in the fo
24、urth aspect, some would also claim that it is also a relatively simple language in terms of spelling and pronunciation, although this claim is perhaps more contentious.9While it does not require mastery of the subtle tonal variations of Cantonese, nor the bewildering consonant clusters of Welsh or G
25、aelic, it does have more than its fair share of apparently random spellings, silent letters and phonetic inconsistencies.10There are somewhere between 44 and 52 unique sounds used in English pronunciation, depending on the authority consulted, almost equally divided between vowel sounds and consonan
26、ts, as compared to 26 in Italian, for example, or just 13 in Hawaiian. This includes some sounds which are notoriously difficult for foreigners to pronounce, and some sounds which have a huge variety of possible spellings. In its defense, though, its consonants at least are fairly regular in pronunc
27、iation, and it is blessedly free of the accents and diacritical marks which festoon many other languages.11Also, its borrowings of foreign words tend to preserve the original spelling rather than attempting to spell them phonetically. It has been estimated that 84% of English spellings conform to ge
28、neral patterns or rules, while only 3% are completely unpredictable.12Arguably, some of the inconsistencies do help to distinguish between homophones like fissure and fisher; seas and seize; air and heir; aloud and allowed; weather and whether, chants and chance; flu, flue and flew; reign, rein and
29、rain; etc. Finally, some argue that, from its adoption of thousands of words from other languages with which it came into contact, the cosmopolitan character of English gives it a feeling of familiarity and welcoming compared to other languages, such as French, for example, which has tried its best
30、to keep out other languages.13Despite a tendency towards jargon, English is generally reasonably concise compared to many languages, as can be seen in the length of translations. A notable exception is Hebrew translations, which are usually shorter than their English equivalents by up to a third. It
31、 is also less prone to misunderstandings due to cultural subtleties than, say, Japanese, which is almost impossible to simultaneously translate for that reason. The absence of coding for social differences may make English seem more democratic and remove some of the potential stress associated with
32、language-generated social blunders.14/15In many other languages, one has to distinguish between formal and informal verb forms and sometimes other more complex social distinctions. The extent and quality of English literature throughout history marks it as a language of culture and class. As a resul
33、t, it carries with it a certain legitimacy, substance and gravitas that few other languages can match. OK. I have outlined five linguistic reasons to justify English as the global language. On balance, though, the intrinsic appeal of English as a world language is probably overblown and specious, an
34、d largely based on chauvinism. It is unlikely that linguistic factors are of great importance in a languages rise to the status of world language, and Englishs position today is almost entirely due to the aforementioned political and economic factors, which is the topic of next lecture. 【知识模块】 听力填空
35、1 【正确答案】 richness and depth 【试题解析】 讲座所讲的英语的第一个特征是词汇的广度和深度，这里可以直接填录音原词 richness and depth。 【知识模块】 听力填空 2 【正确答案】 synonyms 【试题解析】 本讲座的主题是英语适合成为全球性语言的原因和条件。其中第一大原因是英语词汇量极其丰富。主要体现在常用词汇数目大、同义词很多、英语习语与短语极具特色等方面。结合题目框架，此处应填 synonyms。 【知 识模块】 听力填空 3 【正确答案】 flexibility 【试题解析】 英语适合成为全球性语言的第二大原因是英语是一门很灵活的语言。由于题
36、目需要填一个名词，故需将原文 flexible转换成 flexibility。 【知识模块】 听力填空 4 【正确答案】 Phrase sentences 【试题解析】 讲座在举例说明英语具有很高的灵活性时提到，用英语遣词造句，主动句和被动句之间可以互相转换，因此本题答案为 Phrase sentences。 【知识模块】 听力填空 5 【正确答案】 compounding/combining 【试题解析】 英语是一门很灵活的语言，讲座中介绍了两种创造新词的方法，其一是添加前缀或后缀，其二是合成现有的词汇，如 airport， seashore等。故填compounding或 combinin
37、g。 【知识模块】 听力填空 6 【正确答案】 grammar 【试题解析】 英语应该成为全球性语言的第三大原因是英语语法比其他语言的语法简单。专八听力讲座通常会分点论述某一主题，各分点的关键词常常是考查点。此处若没记下相关信息，也可 以通过下文推测出答案。 【知识模块】 听力填空 7 【正确答案】 No articles 【试题解析】 本题考点关于英语的第三个特征：语法比较简单，其中列举的第二个例子是英语常常也会省去冠词，故本题答案可填 No articles。 【知识模块】 听力填空 8 【正确答案】 familiar and formal 【试题解析】 英语语法比其他语言的语法简单的其中
38、一个原因是没有日常用语和正式用语之分，这在几个世纪以前就已经消失了。因此答案为 familiar and formal。 【知识模块】 听力填空 9 【正确答案】 tonal 【试题解析】 本题考查英语拼写与发音相对简单的原因。讲座中把英语和粤语进行了对比，粤语需要掌握细微的声调变化，而英语则不需要。故填 tonal。 【知识模块】 听力填空 10 【正确答案】 44 forty-four 【试题解析】 讲座中提到根据不同的机构研究发现，英语一共有 44至 52个发音元素。考生听录音时应对数字有一定的敏感度，要快而准地记下相关数字。 【知识模块】 听力填空 11 【正确答案】 borrowed
39、 foreign words 【试题解析】 讲座中提到英语趋向于保留外来词的原始发音。这里需要考生整合原文的信息，将妇 borrowings of foreignwords转换为 borrowed foreign words。 【知识模块】 听力填空 12 【正确答案】 homophones 【试题解析】 英语中有一小部分单词是不符合通用的拼读规则的，然而换个角度看，有些不规则的拼读方式正好可以帮助区别同音异形异义词，所以这里应填homophones。 【知识模块】 听力填空 13 【正确答案】 translation(s) 【试题解析】 英语比其他语言简洁，这从翻译的长度便可看出。因此答案为
40、translation(s)。 【知识模块】 听力填空 14 【正确答案】 verb forms 【试题解析】 讲座提到在许多其他语言中，正式用语和非正式用语的动词形式是有区别的，由此说明英语是不存在这种区别的，因此这里填入 verb forms。 【知识模块】 听力填空 15 【正确答案】 social 【试题解析】 在其他一些语言中，用词有时需要根据 复杂的社会级别来区分。因此答案为 social。 【知识模块】 听力填空 15 【听力原文】 How to Use the Internet to Learn a Language? Good morning, everyone. Today
41、s lecture is one of our freshmen orientation series and we will talk about how to use the Internet to learn a language. As we know, the world we live in grows increasingly more connected with the passage of each year. Thanks to the advent of the Internet, the world has become such that any two peopl
42、e with access to computers and Internet access can communicate for free. The ability to communicate with humans in far-away places has revolutionized the way business is done. Likewise, the presence of other languages, especially Spanish, has grown in the United States in the last few years. All of
43、these factors make now a perfect time to start learning a foreign language. The Internet is one of the best resources for such a venture. Not only does there exist a plethora of learning resources available for free, but there are native speakers of most languages trying to learn English. In this le
44、cture, I am going to elaborate on some ways that we can use the Internet to learn a foreign language. 1Before you begin, reflect on your level of proficiency in the language that you are learning. Do you know some basic words and phrases, but have trouble forming your own thoughts and opinions? Are
45、you at a point where you have amassed a number of vocabulary words, but need to practice reading? Are you fairly proficient as far as forming sentences and speaking, but wish to improve your accent?2Determine first what you intend to focus on, and make decisions based on the areas in which you find
46、yourself lacking. After that, you may get started in seeking help from the Internet and here are the ways that might help you. First, look for lessons online.3If you are just beginning to learn a language, look for lessons online about things like verb conjugation, idioms, basic phrases and vocabula
47、ry, etc. There may be sites with quizzes you can take so that you receive feedback about your progress. Depending on the language, the availability of sites such as these can vary.4Sites like this teaching German are probably more prevalent than those teaching Indian, for example. Nonetheless, searc
48、h. Even if you dont find any lessons, you can learn about the language, which is often quite valuable, as you can get a feel for the culture from which the language originated.5Stream an Internet radio station with music in the language youre learning. Listening to music is helpful because it is not a chore, songs are relatively short and are entertaining, and you can develop a better ear for the language. You may find that your musical tastes expand, and you will have much more fun listening to music than listening to hours of spoken langua
