1、专业英语八级（听力）模拟试卷 54及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lectu
2、re. When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 How to Build Your Vocabulary Effectively Vocabulary is the foundation of learning a language. Without
3、it, none of the skills could be learned well. Here are some methods to build your vocabulary effectively: I. Be aware of【 B1】 _【 B1】 _ guess a words meaning from its【 B2】 _【 B2】 _ look up the word【 B3】 _【 B3】 _ write down words of interest to you II. Gain vocabulary through reading A. Reason: 【 B4】
4、_what to learn【 B4】 _ check on what you have learned B. What to read: what attract you what are【 B5】 _for you【 B5】 _ III. Use dictionary as a(n)【 B6】 _【 B6】 _ keep it at hand use a good dictionary in your workplace check up the various meanings of one word get a(n)【 B7】 _of the way the word has deve
5、loped from the words【 B7】_ history IV. Review the words regularly set aside a specific amount of【 B8】 _【 B8】 _ look up new words and review old words set a goal for the【 B9】 _of words and by what date【 B9】 _ keep the information on a word in one place V. The internal factor 【 B10】 _being the most vi
6、tal factor【 B10】 _ 1 【 B1】 2 【 B2】 3 【 B3】 4 【 B4】 5 【 B5】 6 【 B6】 7 【 B7】 8 【 B8】 9 【 B9】 10 【 B10】 10 How to Approach a Dissertation I. What is a dissertation A. A piece of writing with argument: analyze the evidence to support or contradict all kinds of【 B1】 _【 B1】_ B. An academic writing: someth
7、ing fresh and【 B2】 _of your abilities to analyze and synthesize【 B2】_ II. Some fundamental【 B3】 _of the dissertation【 B3】 _ A. Plan the word limits and follow chapter headings B. Contain a detailed exploration of evidence from published texts to primary【 B4】 _【 B4】 _ C. Be clear about the nature of
8、the methodology for gathering the evidence D. Present it in a finished manner know about format, layout and【 B5】 _of the task III. How to manage your supervisor【 B5】 _ A. Discuss the amount of contact and support you need B. Discuss the【 B6】 _【 B6】 _ C. Set up support groups or pairings D. Supervise
9、 progress with a(n)【 B7】 _【 B7】 _ E. Evaluate and respond to the supervisors feedback IV. The importance of time management A. Draw a timetable be with the thorough information of the【 B8】 _【 B8】 _ B. Rearrange your time find time for study,【 B9】 _or entertainment【 B9】 _ C. Fill in personal disserta
10、tion periods 【 B10】 _being the key to meet deadline【 B10】 _ 11 【 B1】 12 【 B2】 13 【 B3】 14 【 B4】 15 【 B5】 16 【 B6】 17 【 B7】 18 【 B8】 19 【 B9】 20 【 B10】 20 Suggestopedia I. Introduction A. Based on how the brain works and how we learn most effectively B. Derived from suggestion and pedagogy C. Acceler
11、ating the learning speed to about【 B1】 _of the conventional【 B1】_ methods II. Purpose A. Enhance learning B. Be a system for liberation the preliminary【 B2】 _【 B2】 _ the previously suggested programs III. The key elements and four main stages A. The key elements: a rich sensory learning environment
12、a positive expectation of success -【 B3】 _【 B3】 _ B. The four stages: presentation Active Concert passive review -【 B4】 _【 B4】 _ IV. Factors we should pay attention to A. Music: slow tempo, regular patterns Voices and instruments should coordinate with orchestra so that students can be【 B5】 _【 B5】 _
13、 B. Teachers: cover lots of【 B6】 _in class【 B6】 _ structure the materials in golden proportion be highly【 B7】 _, reliable and credible【 B7】 _ establish good relations with students act as authority and security C【 B8】 _:【 B8】 _ include acting, singing songs, playing games, telling stories, carrying
14、on【 B9】 _and psycho-dramas【 B9】 _ the teacher structures them carefully V. Conclusions Certain elements can be used more comprehensively: A. Music used both in the background and during activities B. Conditions in which learners are【 B10】 _and receptive【 B10】 _ 21 【 B1】 22 【 B2】 23 【 B3】 24 【 B4】 25
15、 【 B5】 26 【 B6】 27 【 B7】 28 【 B8】 29 【 B9】 30 【 B10】 专业英语八级（听力）模拟试卷 54答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them
16、 to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture. When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 【听力原文】 How to Build Your Vocabulary Effectively Go
17、od morning. In todays lecture, we shall discuss the strategies of learning English vocabulary. When we talk about learning English, we usually mention the four basic skills listening, reading, speaking and writing. However, all of these skills can not be sharpened without vocabulary. While there are
18、 not any magic shortcuts to learn words, the larger your vocabulary becomes, the easier it will be to connect a new word with words you already know, and thus remember its meaning. So your learning speed, or pace, should increase as your vocabulary grows. There are some basic steps to build your voc
19、abulary effectively. (1)First of all, we need to be aware of words. Many people are surprised when they are told they have small vocabularies. They protest that they read all the time. This shows that reading alone may not be enough to make you learn new words. When we read a novel, for instance, th
20、ere is usually a strong urge to get on with the story and skip over unfamiliar or perhaps vaguely known words. But it is obvious that when a word is totally unknown to you, you have to be especially aware of words that seem familiar to you but whose precise meanings you may not really know. Instead
21、of avoiding these words, you need to take a closer look at them.(2)First, try to guess a words meaning from its context that is, the sense of the passage in which it appears: if you focus on learning words in the context where youre most likely to find them, youre more likely to recognize them when
22、you encounter them or need to use them again. Second,(3)if you have a dictionary with you, look up the word immediately. This may slow down your reading somewhat, but your improved understanding of each new word will eventually speed your learning of other words, making reading easier. Third, make a
23、 daily practice of noting words of interest to you for further study whenever you are reading, listening to the radio, talking to friends, or watching television. Second, it is easy to gain vocabulary through reading. When you have become more aware of words, reading is the next important step to in
24、crease your knowledge of words,(4)because that is how you will find most of the words you should be learning. It is also the best way to check on words you have already learned. When you come across a word you have recently studied, and you understand it, which proves you have learned its meaning. T
25、hen what should you read? Whatever interests you whatever makes you want to read. If you like sports, read the sports page of the newspapers: read magazines like Sports Illustrated: read books about your favorite athletes. If you are interested in interior decorating, read a magazine like House Beau
26、tiful read it, dont just look at the photographs. Often people with very small vocabularies dont enjoy reading at all. Its more of a chore for them than a pleasure because they dont understand many of the words. If this is the way you feel about reading, try reading easier things. Newspapers are usu
27、ally easier than magazines: a magazine like Readers Digest is easier to read than The Atlantic Monthly.(5)There is no point in trying to read something you simply are not able to understand or are not interested in. The important idea is to find things to read you can enjoy, and to read as often and
28、 as much as possible, with the idea of learning new words always in mind. (6)Third, dictionary is a necessity to build your vocabulary. Keep it where you usually do your reading at home. You are more likely to use it if you do not have to get it from another room. At work, there may be a good dictio
29、nary available for your use. At home, most people do not have a big, unabridged dictionary: however, one of the smaller academic dictionaries would be fine to start with. Remember, words can have more than one meaning, and the meaning you need for the word you are looking up may not be the first one
30、 given in your dictionary. Even if it is so, the other meanings of the word will help you understand the different ways the word is used.(7)Also, the words history, usually given near the beginning of the entry, can often give a fascinating picture of the way the word has developed its current meani
31、ng. This will add to the pleasure of learning the word as well as help you remember it. Fourth, you should review the words regularly until you fix them in your memory.(8)This is best done by setting aside a specific amount of time each day for vocabulary study. During that time you can look up new
32、words you have noted during the day and review old words you are in the process of learning.(9)Set a goal for the number of words you would like to learn and by what date, and arrange your schedule accordingly. In order to review words effectively, all the information on a word should be kept in one
33、 place in a notebook, for example, or on an index card. Index cards are convenient because the words can be placed in alphabetical order, which makes them easy to find when reviewing: and the cards can be carried around with you, so you can study them anywhere. We have already discussed some externa
34、l factors to assist us in vocabulary-building process.(10)Perhaps the most important factor in a successful vocabulary-building program is motivation. It will be very difficult for you to study words month after month without a strong feeling that it is worth doing, that a larger vocabulary will hel
35、p you in school and on the job, and that it can well lead to a more exciting and fulfilling life. OK, this brings us to the end of our lecture. I hope after todays lecture, youll understand better the strategies of learning vocabulary. Thanks for your attention. 【知识模块】 讲座 1 【正确答案】 words 【试题解析】 本题设题点
36、在分论点处。演讲者开篇提出本讲座旨在告知大家如何学习词汇，并指出：当我们谈论学英语时，总是要提到 “听、说、读、写 ”四项基本技能，但是这些技能都建立在词汇的基础上。接着，演讲者又提到有效积累词汇的一些基本步骤。根据句 (1)可知，第一个步骤就是对单词加以注意，所以答案为 words。 【知识模块】 讲座 2 【正确答案】 context 【试题解析】 本题考查重要细节。演讲者提出，要想有效积累词汇，首要任务是be aware of words，接下来具体说明如何做，第一点要做的便是句 (2)的内容： try to guess a words meaning from its context，
37、所以可以直接得出答案为 context。 【知识模块】 讲座 3 【正确答案】 in a dictionary 【试题解析】 本题考查重要细节。根据句 (3)可知，演讲者指明 be aware of words的第二点是立刻查词典，故答案为 in adictionary。 【知识模块】 讲座 4 【正确答案】 find out 【试题解析】 本题设题点在因果关系处。演讲者提出有效积累词汇的第二个方法是 gain vocabulary through reading，接着说明了阅读的原因，即句 (4)的内容：because that is how you will find most of th
38、e words you should be learning，结合题干可得出答案为 find out。 【知识模块】 讲座 5 【正确答案】 suitable 【试题解析】 本题考查对细节的概括。演讲者在提出 Then what should you read?这一问题后，接着指出 Whatever interests youwhatever makes you want to read根据句 (5)可知，演讲者建议大家读些感兴趣的东西，并且难度要适中，故此处答案为 suitable。 【知识模块】 讲座 6 【正确答案】 assistant necessity 【试题解析】 本题设题点在分论
39、点处。句 (6)提到有效积累词汇的第三个方法：词典是学习过程中的必需品，所以答案为 assistant necessity。 【知识模块】 讲座 7 【正确答案】 fascinating picture 【试题解析】 本题设题点在递进关系处。根据句 (7)可知，通过词典所给出的吸引人的介绍可了解词汇的历史渊源，故填入 fascinatingpicture即可。 【知识模块】 讲座 8 【正确答案】 time 【试题解析】 本题考查重要细节。演讲者指出有效积累词汇的第四点是 review the words regularly，接着句 (8)表明： This is bestdone by set
40、ting aside a specific amount of time each day for vocabulary study所以答案为 time。 【知识模块】 讲座 9 【正确答案】 quantity 【试题解析】 本题考查重要细节。句 (9)表明学习词汇时应 Set a goal for a number of words you would like to learn and by whatdate，结合题干后面的 by what date可知，答案为 quantity。 【知识模 块】 讲座 10 【正确答案】 motivation 【试题解析】 本题设题点在结尾总结处。最后，
41、演讲者做了总结，指出前面四点讲的都是帮助我们学习词汇的外在因素，根据句 (10)可知，内在因素是动力，所以空白处应填 motivation。 【知识模块】 讲座 10 【听力原文】 How to Approach a Dissertation Good morning, everyone, we will talk about how to write a dissertation in todays lecture. As we know dissertations have become an increasingly important component of higher educa
42、tion. It provides you with an opportunity to work independently on a topic that particularly interests you. So, it is important to know how to approach your own dissertation in the first place. First, we will have a brief introduction of dissertation. Different subject disciplines may emphasize diff
43、erent features, but, broadly speaking, a dissertation is a continuous piece of writing, arranged in clearly placed paragraphs, in which an argument is developed, in response to a central question or proposition. The line of argument is supported by evidence you have acquired through research,(1)whic
44、h you are required to analyze, and which supports or contradicts the various perspectives explored in the course of the argument. The dissertation then reaches a conclusion in the final section, which pulls together the threads of your argument, supporting, qualifying or rejecting the original thesi
45、s. It is worth bearing in mind that an academic dissertation is not a piece of writing designed to reproduce information available elsewhere,(2)but something new and expressive of your individual abilities to analyze and synthesize. In addition, the process of academic writing will help you to learn
46、, by enabling you to work with concepts and information relevant to your subject, and thereby developing your intellectual skills. (3)Second, we will come to the fundamental principles of writing a dissertation and you have to take care of the following key points. First of all, it is an extended pi
47、ece of writing, usually divided into chapters. So it is wise for you to plan the lower and upper word limits acceptable for your dissertation and whether you should be following a particular sequence of chapter headings. Secondly, it contains a detailed exploration of evidence. The referred evidence
48、 may be from published texts,(4)or it may consist of primary research data gathered by your own, for example, a sociological study of attitudes to gender roles based on research methods such as interviews and questionnaires. Thirdly, you are required to be clear about the nature of the methodology you will use for gathering the evidence. That is to say, why are you collecting data or analyzing evidence in that way rather than in an
