1、专业英语八级（听力）模拟试卷 69及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lectu
2、re. When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 The Purpose of Literary Analysis I . Introduction making readers appreciate【 B1】 _of literary works【 B
3、1】 _ relating literature to both readers own life and general human condition II. Purpose of literary analysis A. Discovering the authors basic premises: comprehending the authors basic intellectual premises and fundamental【 B2】 _【 B2】 _ 1)ways to guarantee successful communication by the author off
4、ering an explicit【 B3】 _of his convictions【 B3】 _ giving descriptions and【 B4】 _【 B4】 _ 2)deriving abstract premises by analyzing【 B5】 _【 B5】 _ B. Attaining individual value from the literary work 1)gaining positive or negative【 B6】 _into readers own life【 B6】 _ 2)a process of【 B7】 _discrimination【
5、B7】 _ C. A relevance to universal human condition or widespread human endeavor in an implicit or【 B8】 _way【 B8】 _ 1)example: George Orwells 1984 2)what readers do: recognizing general human condition on the basis of specifics gaining a comprehensive understanding of the theme even if they 【 B9】 _【 B
6、9】 _ III. Conclusion Literary analysis is a(n)【 B10】 _approach that offers readers【 B10】 _ answers or solutions to their questions and dilemmas. 1 【 B1】 2 【 B2】 3 【 B3】 4 【 B4】 5 【 B5】 6 【 B6】 7 【 B7】 8 【 B8】 9 【 B9】 10 【 B10】 SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this section you will hear everything
7、ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview. 11 Which of the following is INCORRECT about David
8、Bach? （ A） He is a psychologist. （ B） He is a financial advisor. （ C） He is a psychiatrist. （ D） He is a best-selling author. 12 What percentage of people in the US are living under the pressure of money? （ A） 50%. （ B） 75%. （ C） 80%. （ D） 85%. 13 Which of the following statements about money is INC
9、ORRECT? （ A） Many people have trouble in keeping and spending money wisely. （ B） Money doesnt necessarily bring happiness to people. （ C） The more money you earn, the happier you will be. （ D） Money brings comparatively more happiness to the low income class. 14 Which of the following jobs probably
10、brings the least happiness to people? （ A） The teacher. （ B） The social worker. （ C） The fire fighter. （ D） The manager. 15 What is NOT mentioned in the interview as to bringing happiness to people? （ A） Having someone who loves you. （ B） Being healthy mentally and psychologically. （ C） Having a suc
11、cessful marriage. （ D） Having filial children. SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. 16 According to NOAA
12、, how many storms could become hurricanes? （ A） 14 to 23. （ B） 8 to 14. （ C） 119. （ D） 190. 17 Which of the following may NOT be the consequences led by the hurricane season? （ A） Making it impossible to stop the leak and clean-up of the oil. （ B） Spreading the oil further along the Gulf coast. （ C）
13、 Causing wider environmental damage. （ D） Bringing great damage to the economy. 18 Which of the following is INCORRCT according to the news item? （ A） The UN claims to have found evidence to Iran nuclear issue. （ B） Israel calls for military measures to stop Iran nuclear issue. （ C） Pictures about I
14、rans nuclear issue will be included in IAEAs report. （ D） Iran admits its military aim on the nuclear issue. 19 Which of the following is CORRECT according to the news item? （ A） British nationals fought against the attackers. （ B） No British nationals were injured in the attack. （ C） Nine British n
15、ationals were killed in the attack. （ D） British nationals ran away from the building in the attack. 20 What was the result of the attack? （ A） No groups took responsibility for the attack. （ B） The Britains cultural center was occupied. （ C） Nine members of Taliban were shot dead. （ D） Many natives
16、 in Afghanistan were killed. 专业英语八级（听力）模拟试卷 69答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filli
17、ng task after the mini-lecture. When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 【听力原文】 The Purpose of Literary Analysis Good morning, everyone. Today Id l
18、ike to talk about literary analysis, and specifically, its purpose. We all know that for the millennia during which literature has existed, scholars, intellectuals, and lay people have unceasingly engaged in the act of analyzing it. Whatever the variety of analytical approaches to literature might b
19、e, literary analysis is in itself a universal necessity when approaching a text, and cannot be escaped on some level.(1)Literary analysis enables readers to fully grasp the core abstractions which an author has bestowed upon his work. Furthermore, it is indispensable in rendering the literature rele
20、vant, both to the individuals own life and to an understanding of the universal human condition. (2)When any author creates a work of literature, he does so starting with a set of basic intellectual premises, foundational assumptions that permeate the entirety of his work. The author has chosen to c
21、reate a work of literature as a vehicle for transmitting those premises to his readers. On their own, as floating abstractions detached from the empirical observation and the detailed logical reasoning, the authors premises cannot be readily communicated to a reader who does not grasp them already.
22、An author who holds individualism as a basic premise, for example, will find difficulty in communicating it by simply stating, “ I believe in individualism. “(3)If, however, he offers a lucid analysis of the superiority of individualism over the alternatives, which is filled with realistic examples
23、of why this is so, then his convictions become far more persuasive. Better yet, he might write a story, a series of rationally structured fictional events, which a reader could approach as if it were a concrete experience. All knowledge, at its root, is derived from sensory experience and observatio
24、n.(4)Thus, a work of literature, by recreating an environment of observation through the events and descriptions within it, aims to allow the reader to tap into the source of the premises the author seeks to communicate. Thereby, the reader is given the foundation from which to proceed in understand
25、ing and identifying with the authors abstract ideas. When the reader sees a literary text before him, the author has already done the work of translating his guiding premises into a concrete presentation. The task of the reader, then, becomes to fathom the concrete presentation in such a manner as t
26、o derive the abstract premises from it, thereby participating in an act of intellectual discovery which the author has facilitated for him. All literary analysis is, in essence, such a process of discovery.(5)It aims toward an understanding of the authors guiding abstractions by identifying literary
27、 concretes: the characters, events, descriptions, dialogues, and stated ideas of a narrative, and discerning their relevance to the work as a whole and its central themes. Whereas, in writing a work of literature, the author begins at the abstract level and, from it, crafts the concretes of his narr
28、ative, the reader must begin at the concrete level and reach the level of abstraction via literary analysis. Furthermore, a work of literary merit must offer an insight, principle, or example valuable to the individual reader. Aside from discovering the authors intentions and guiding principles in w
29、riting a work, the reader must inquire of himself, “What benefits to my own life and understanding might I extract from this text?“(6)The insights the reader might seek to derive through literary analysis can be positive or negative. A text can offer models to emulate, or examples of what not to app
30、ly to ones own life. The reader can even disagree with the authors worldview or ideas of desirable conduct and, through literary analysis, discover the root of his divergence from the author. In this respect, the undertaking of literary analysis is necessarily didactic, even if the author did not cr
31、eate his text with a didactic purpose.(7)Literary analysis is a process of cognitive discrimination, in that the reader must be selective in what he does and does not derive from the authors premises. In analyzing a text, the reader interacts with these premises by filtering them through his own. As
32、ide from individual relevance, a worthy work of literature has a universal relevance, either to an aspect at the core of the general human condition, or at the root of some widespread field of human endeavor.(8)The author, as a human being, enters the writing process with certain assumptions, implic
33、it or explicit, regarding a set of universal human themes, including the nature of life, consciousness, volition, and human action, the meaning and possibility of success and happiness, and the status of the individual himself. In addition, the author might hold a set of views which are more narrowl
34、y targeted, but still potentially relevant to a wide variety of human beings. While the conflict between the individual and the almighty totalitarian state in George Orwells 1984, for example, is not a historical universal, Orwell used it to arrive at an understanding of the meaning of a universal h
35、uman concept, freedom. He then used this understanding to analyze, through the eyes of Winston Smith, the manner in which a totalitarian state necessarily robs an individual of his freedom and, by implication, his very humanity. The task of the reader in conducting literary analysis becomes to disco
36、ver the pathway by which the specifics of a given literary presentation can arrive at truths which are relevant to humans in general. The truths thus discovered will transcend the accidents of time, culture, history, and geographical location.(9)Furthermore, such a comprehensive universal understand
37、ing is valuable irrespective of the readers agreement with the authors approach to the human condition. If the reader is of a different opinion, he can simply use his knowledge of the authors worldview to pinpoint where and how he disagrees with it. Thus, the reader, through literary analysis, will
38、still attain his own positive understanding of the essential and inescapable issues pertaining to man. Therefore, we can see there are mainly three purposes of literary analysis: to discover the authors basic premises, to attain individual value from the literary work, and to derive from it knowledg
39、e concerning the universal human condition.(10)Literary analysis, like any other systematic approach to things, offers the demystification of ideas and of reality. Instead of being perpetually confined by a set of irresolvable questions and dilemmas, man can obtain the answers through literary analy
40、sis, by means of a deliberate, targeted, rational treatment of the text. Today Ive talked about the purpose of literary analysis. I hope my lecture can help you better appreciate literature. Thats it for today. 【知识模块】 听力 1 【正确答案】 core abstractions 【试题解析】 本题考查重要细节。根据句 (1)可知，文学分析可使读者充分领会作者赋予作品的抽象概念的核心
41、，故答案为 coreabstractions。 【知识模块】 听力 2 【正确答案】 assumptions 【试题解析】 本题设题点在时间状语从句处。根据句 (2)可知，作者创作文学作品之初，要有理性的前提和主要的设 想，并以此作为贯穿其作品的基调，而作品本身就是把这些前提和设想传递给读者的载体。因此从读者的角度来看，分析作品的过程就是理解作者理性前提和设想的过程，故答案为 assumptions。 【知识模块】 听力 3 【正确答案】 analysis 【试题解析】 本题设题点在条件状语从句处。根据句 (3)可知，如果作者能够脉络分明地分析其观点，并佐以真实的例子，他和读者的交流将会更加有
42、效，故答案为 analysis。 【知识模块】 听力 4 【正确答案】 events 【试题解析】 本题设 题点在方法途径处。根据句 (4)可知，如果作者能列举事例、具体描述，就能更好地把作品的前提传递给读者，故答案为 events。 【知识模块】 听力 5 【正确答案】 literary concretes 【试题解析】 本题设题点在方法途径处。根据句 (5)可知，文学分析的目的之一是通过对具体事物的分析和认识，理解作品蕴含的主要抽象概念，故答案为literary concretes。 【知识模块】 听力 6 【正确答案】 insights 【试题解析】 本题考查重要细节。根据句 (6)可知
43、，读者可以从分析文学作品的过程中获得对人生的深刻理解，这些理解有的是积极的，有的是消极的，故答案为 insights。 【知识模块】 听力 7 【正确答案】 cognitive 【试题解析】 本题设题点在定义概念处。根据句 (7)可知，在分析文学作品时，读者会有选择性地吸收作者的观点，所以它是一个认知甄别的过程，故答案为cognitive。 【知识模块】 听力 8 【正确答案】 explicit 【试题解析】 本题考查重要细节。根据句 (8)可知，作者在处理有普遍意义的主题时， 或含蓄或明晰，故答案为 explicit。 【知识模块】 听力 9 【正确答案】 disagree 【试题解析】 本
44、题设题点在条件状语从句处。根据句 (9)可知，即使读者与作者的观点相左，他们依然能够充分理解作品有关人类普遍问题的主题，故答案为disagree。 【知识模块】 听力 10 【正确答案】 systemic 【试题解析】 本题考查重要细节。根据句 (10)可知，文学分析能够阐明思想，揭示现实，是一种系统的处理问题的方式，故答案为 systematic。 【知识模块】 听力 SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then ans
45、wer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview. 11 【听力原文】 Maggie(W)David Bach(M) W: Many people dream of making it big, buying a bigger hou
46、se, designer clothes and a nicer car, but with a record number of millionaires now living right here in the United States, an age-old question is now front and center can money really buy happiness?(1)Best-selling author David Bach is a psychiatrist and a money advisor on CNBCs The Millionaire Insid
47、e. Going from rags to riches, he says he found happiness but it wasnt just about dollars and cents. Morning, David. M: Good morning, Maggie. W: What do you think that makes people happy then, if they have no money? M: Well, I think what most Americans really want is freedom.(2)We are in the land of
48、the free, but when three out of four people are living paycheck to paycheck, they dont feel free. So I think there are a lot of opportunities for the average American to become what I call an automatic millionaire, which means paying yourself first, saving one hour a day of your income and spending
49、less. W: Do you mean that the people having different levels of life all have the same feeling? M: Absolutely. You may have different levels of life. You have the survival level, or someone really is living paycheck to paycheck. Then you have security, where someone as you might basically need to cover. Maybe theyve got six months to a year with the expenses put aside. Once you get passed a year of expenses, youll start to bec
