1、专业英语八级（阅读）模拟试卷 92及答案与解析 SECTION A MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS In this section there are several passages followed by fourteen multiple-choice questions. For each multiple-choice question, there are four suggested answers marked A , B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer. 0 (1)Its
2、 hard to miss them: the epitome of casual “geek chic“ and organized within the warranty of their Palm Pilots, they sip labor-intensive caf6 lattes, chat on sleek cell phones and ponder the road to enlightenment. In the US they worry about the environment as they drive their gas-guzzling sports utili
3、ty vehicles to emporiums of haute design to buy a $50 titanium spatula; they think about their tech stocks as they explore specialty shops for Tibetan artifacts in Everest-worthy hiking boots. They think nothing of laying out $5 for a wheat grass muff, much less $500 for some alternative rejuvenatio
4、n at the day-spa but dont talk about raising their taxes. (2)They are “Bourgeois Bohemians“ or “Bobos“ and theyre the new “enlightened elite“ of the information age, their lucratively busy lives a seeming synthesis of comfort and conscience, corporate success and creative rebellion. Well-educated th
5、irty-to-forty something, they have forged a new social ethos from a logic-defying fusion of 1960s counter-culture and 1980s entrepreneurial materialism. (3)Combining the free-spirited, artistic rebelliousness of the Bohemian beatnik or hippie with the worldly ambitions of their bourgeois corporate f
6、orefathers, the Bobo is a comfortable contortion of caring capitalism. “Its not about making money; its about doing something you love. Life should be an extended hobby. Its all about working for a company as cool as you are.“ (4)It is a world inhabited by dotcom millionaires, management consultants
7、, “culture industry“ entrepreneurs and all manner of media folk, most earning upwards of $100,000 a year their money an incidental byproduct of their maverick mores, the kind of money they happen to earn while they are pursuing their creative vision. Often sporting such unconventional job titles as
8、“creative paradox“, “corporate jester“ or “learning person“, Bobos work with a monk-like self-discipline because they view their jobs as intellectual, even spiritual. It is a reverse the Midas touch: everything a Bobo touches turns to spirituality, everything has to be about enlightenment. Even thei
9、r jobs are a mission to improve the world. (5)It is now impossible to tell an espresso-sipping artist from a cappuccino-gulping banker, but it isnt just a matter of style. If you investigate peoples attitudes towards sex, morality, leisure time and work, it is getting harder and harder to separate t
10、he anti-establishment renegade from the pro-establishment company man. Most people seemed to have rebel attitudes and social-climbing attitudes all scrambled together. (6)These Bobos are just normal middle-class people who are living out a protracted adolescence. Their political interests are either
11、 “intensely close and personal“(abortion or gun control), or very remote(the rainforests, Tibet or Third World poverty). But they will most likely express their conscience in their consumerism, relieved to be helping someone somewhere by collecting the hand-carved artifacts of distant cultures. (7)M
12、otivated by spiritual participation, but cautious of moral crusades and religious enthusiasms, they tolerate a little lifestyle experimentation, so long as it is done safely and moderately. They are offended by concrete wrongs, such as cruelty and racial injustice, but are relatively unmoved by lies
13、 or transgressions that dont seem to do anyone any obvious harm. (8)It is an elite mat has been raised to oppose elites. They are by instinct anti-establishmentarian, yet in some sense they have become a new establishment. They are prosperous without seeming greedy; they have pleased their elders, w
14、ithout seeming conformists; they have risen toward the top without too obviously looking down on those below. 1 Bobos do all of the following EXCEPT _. （ A） buying stylish mobile phones （ B） relying on new technologies to get organized （ C） driving battery-powered utility vehicles （ D） worrying abou
15、t environmental issues 2 One of the characteristics of Bobos is that _. （ A） they pursue a life of comfort and peace （ B） they may make conscientious decisions （ C） they lack the incentive to work harder （ D） they have abandoned traditional morality 3 Which of the following groups is NOT mentioned a
16、s Bobos? （ A） People in favor of tradition. （ B） American middle-class people. （ C） Anti-conventionalists. （ D） Stubborn corporate managers. 3 (1)“Masterpieces are dumb.“ wrote Flaubert. “They have a tranquil aspect like the very products of nature, like large animals and mountains.“ He might have b
17、een thinking of War and Peace, that vast, silent work, unfathomable and simple, provoking endless questions through the majesty of its being. Tolstoys simplicity is “overpowering,“ says the critic Bayley, “disconcerting,“ because it comes from “his casual assumption that the world is as he sees it“;
18、 like other 19th century Russian writers he is “impressive“ because he “means what he says.“ But he stands apart from all others and from most Western writers in his identity with life, which is so complete as to make us forget he is an artist. He is the center of his work, but his egocentricity is
19、of a special kind. “Goethe, for example,“ says Bayley, “cared for nothing but himself.“ Tolstoy was nothing but himself. (2)For all his varied modes of writing and the multiplicity of characters in his fiction, Tolstoy and his work are of a piece. The famous “conversion“ of his middle years, movingl
20、y recounted in his Confession, was a culmination of his early spiritual life, not a departure from it. The apparently fundamental changes that led from epic narrative to dogmatic parable, from a joyous, buoyant attitude toward life to pessimism and cynicism, from War and Peace to The Kreutzer Sonata
21、, came from the same restless, impressionable depths of an independent spirit yearning to get at the truth of its experience. “Truth is my hero.“ wrote Tolstoy in his youth, reporting the fighting in Sebastopol. Truth remained his hero his own, not others truth. Others were awed by Napoleon, believe
22、d that a single man could change the destinies of nations, adhered to meaningless rituals, formed their tastes on established canons of art. Tolstoy reversed all preconceptions, and in every reversal he overthrew the “system“, the “machine“, the externally ordained belief, the conventional behavior
23、in favor of unsystematic, impulsive life, of inward motivation and the solutions of independent thought. (3)In his work the artificial and genuine are always exhibited in dramatic opposition: the supposedly great Napoleon and the truly great, unregarded little Captain Tushin, or Nicholas Rostovs act
24、ual experience in battle and his later account for it. The simple is always pitted against the elaborate. Knowledge gained from observation against assertions of borrowed faiths. Tolstoys magical simplicity is a produce of these tensions; his work is a record of the questions he put to himself and o
25、f his fiction exemplify this search, and their happiness depends on the measure of their answer. Tolstoy wanted happiness, but only hard-won happiness, that emotional fulfillment and intellectual clarity which could come only as the price of all-consuming effort. He scorned lesser satisfaction. 4 Th
26、e author quotes from Bayley to show that Tolstoy _. （ A） writes novels that are reports of copying actual events （ B） maintains no self-conscious distance from his experience （ C） often writes his works in a quite simple way （ D） works casually to make his works with inexplicable truth 5 Whats the a
27、uthors attitude towards Tolstoy? （ A） She deprecates the cynicism of his later works. （ B） She finds him theatrically artificial. （ C） She admires his wholehearted sincerity. （ D） She thinks his inconsistency disturbing. 6 We can infer the following from the passage EXCEPT that _. （ A） Confession be
28、longs to an early period of Tolstoys work （ B） in his works Tolstoy might express his discontent to the society （ C） the hero wouldnt obtain happiness if he couldnt get the answer （ D） the easily-obtained happiness is rejected by Tolstoy 6 (1)I cry easily. I once burst into tears when the curtain ca
29、me down on the Kirov Ballets “Swan Lake“. I still choke up every time I see a film of Roger Bannister breaking the “impossible“ four-minute mark for the mile. I figure I am moved by witnessing men and women at their best; but they need not be great men and women, doing great things. (2)Take the nigh
30、t, some years ago, when my wife and I were going to dinner at a friends house in New York city. It was sleeting. As we hurried toward the house, with its welcoming light, I noticed a car pulling out from the curb. Just ahead, another car was waiting to back into the parking space a rare commodity in
31、 crowded Manhattan. But before he could do so another car came up from behind, and sneaked into the spot. Thats dirty pool, I thought; while my wife went ahead into our friends house. I stepped into the street to give the guilty driver a piece of my mind. A man in work clothes rolled down the window
32、. (3)“Hey,“ I said, “this parking space belongs to that guy,“ I gestured toward the man ahead, who was looking back angrily. I thought I was being a good Samaritan, I guessand I remember that the moment I was feeling pretty manly in my new trench coat. (4)“Mind your own business!“ me driver told me.
33、 (5)“No,“ I said. “You dont understand. That fellow was waiting to back into this space.“ Things quickly heated up, until finally he leaped out of the car. My God, he was colossal. He grabbed me and bent me back over the hood of his car as if I was a rag doll. The sleet stung my face. I glanced at t
34、he other driver, looking for help, but he gunned his engine and hightailed it out of there. (6)The huge man shook his rock of a fist of me, brushing my lip and cutting the inside of my mouth against my teeth. I tasted blood. I was terrified. He snarled and threatened, and then told me to beat it. Al
35、most in a panic, I scrambled to my friends front door. As a former Marine, as a man, I felt utterly humiliated. Seeing mat I was shaken, my wife and friends asked me what had happened. All I could bring myself to say was that I had had an argument about a parking space. They had me sensitivity to le
36、t it go at that. (7)I sat stunned. Perhaps half an hour later, the doorbell rang. My blood ran cold. For some reason I was sure that the bruiser had returned for me. My hostess got up to answer it, but I stopped her. I felt morally bound to answer it myself. (8)I walked down the hallway with dread.
37、Yet I knew I had to face up to my fear. I opened the door. There he stood, towering. Behind him, the sleet came down harder than ever. (9)“I came back to apologize,“ he said in a low voice. “When I got home, I said to myself, what right I have to do that? Im ashamed of myself. All I can tell you is
38、that the Brooklyn Navy Yard is closing. Ive worked there for years. And today I got laid off. Im not myself. I hope youll accept my apology.“ (10)I often remember that big man. I think of the effort and courage it took for him to come back to apologize. He was man at last. (11)And I remember that af
39、ter I closed die door, my eyes blurred, as I stood in the hallway for a few moments alone. 7 Which of the following does “dirty pool“ in the second paragraph stand for? （ A） The car was waiting to back into the place. （ B） It had been sleeting all the time that night. （ C） Another car sneaked into t
40、he parking spot. （ D） The driver left me parking place quickly. 8 Which of the following contains a simile? （ A） He grabbed me and bent me back over the hood of his car as if I was a rag doll. （ B） Things quickly heated up, until finally he leaped out of the car. （ C） But before he could do so anoth
41、er car came up from behind, and sneaked into the spot. （ D） I thought I was being a good Samaritan, I guess and. 9 What touched the writer in the end? （ A） The big mans courage. （ B） The big mans sincerity. （ C） The big mans experience. （ D） The big mans masculinity. 9 (1)She almost did not run. Chr
42、istine Williams admits mat now. She could barely put one foot after another following the wake for her sister, who had died in an automobile accident. But she did run. With the cheers of friends and strangers reaching her heart, Williams set a C. W. Post record nine days ago in Boston. Now she will
43、run again, on Saturday in the national Division II cross-country championships in Evansville, Ind. She wanted to be sure she was doing the right thing by running. She was the middle of three sisters, between Kerry, who is 25, and Jennifer, who was 18. (2)Just going through any motions was hard enoug
44、h, but Christine Williams wanted to know if she should put on her uniform and her shoes and run through the woods on an autumn afternoon, in the awful gaping time between her sisters wake and her funeral. “I kind of got upset beforehand,“ Williams admitted Monday. Not a chatterbox under normal condi
45、tions, she now holds herself me best way she can, the fewer words me better. She almost walked away from the start line. But her friend Angela Toscano, who had flown up to Boston with her, directly from me wake, was standing near the line and talked her through it. “She said my sister would have wan
46、ted me to run,“ Christine said. And that was enough to get her started. (3)The accident happened just after midnight on Nov. 4. Four young women were driving in an unfamiliar area of Long Island in Eastport, N.Y., when one of mem apparently ran a yield sign, and the car was hit by another vehicle. H
47、eather Brownrigg of Islip and Jennifer Williams died, and their friends April Brown and Kaci Moran, each from Bay Shore, were treated at a hospital and released. The driver of the other car also walked away. “Two girls did survive,“ Jennifers famer, Ed, said with the positive tone of a parent who kn
48、ows that every daughters life is precious. (4)The crash made the papers. April Brown was charged with driving while intoxicated and driving without a license. The family could have done without the remarks in The New York Post that the four friends were known as “party girls.“ Ed Williams said of hi
49、s youngest daughter: “I never knew her to drink, and I never knew her to take drugs. They probably did stop and drink a few beers.“ At the wake on Nov. 6, Brown was welcomed by the Williams family. “It was a little hard,“ Ed Williams said, “but it was an accident. Nobody was to blame, really. Jennifer just wasnt lucky.“ (5)The family had to make a decision. Ed and Debbie Williams have barely missed a track meet of Christines since she gave up cheerleading midway through Bay Shore High to concentrate on running. The w
