1、专业英语四级（听写听力）模拟试卷 132及答案与解析 一、 PART I DICTATION Directions: Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage wi
2、ll be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. 专业英语四级（听写听力）模拟试卷 132答案与 解析 一、 PART I DICTATION Directions: Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage
3、will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be done a
4、t normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. 1 【正确答案】 The Water Cycle The water cycle describes the continuous movement of water / on, above and below the surface of the Earth. / Although the balance of water on Earth remains fairly constant over time, / individual water mol
5、ecules can come and go, in and out of the atmosphere. / The water moves from one reservoir to another. / In so doing, the water goes through different phases: liquid, solid and gas. / The water cycle involves the exchange of heat, which leads to temperature changes. / For instance, when water evapor
6、ates, it takes up energy from its surroundings and cools the environment. / When it condenses, it releases energy and warms the environment. / These heat exchanges influence climate. / By transferring water from one reservoir to another, / the water cycle purifies water, provides the land with fresh
7、water, / and transports minerals to different parts of the globe. / Finally, the water cycle plays a significant role / in the maintenance of life and ecosystems on Earth. / 【试题解析】 水循环 水循环描述的是水在地表、地表上方以及地表以下的不断运动。地球上的水平衡在一定时期内较为恒定。水在不同贮水库之间转移的过程中会经历液、固、气三态。水循环牵涉到热量转化，从而导致温度变化，影响着气候。 【知识模块】 听写 2 【正确答
8、案】 Water Water is a vital component of our diets, / even though its not considered a specific nutrient. / Water makes up 50 to 70 percent of an adults total body weight. / Without regular top-ups, our bodys survival time is limited to a matter of days. / Water is essential for the bodys growth and m
9、aintenance. / For example, it helps get rid of waste and regulates temperature, / and it provides a medium for biological reactions to occur in the body. / Water is lost from the body through urine and sweat, / and must be replaced through the diet. / If you dont consume enough water, your kidneys s
10、uffer, / causing symptoms such as headaches, tiredness and loss of concentration. / Most healthy adults need between 0.5-3 litres a day, / so aim to drink 6-8 medium glasses of fluid daily. / Beverages such as tea, coffee and fruit juices count towards fluid intake, / and may bring with them other n
11、utrients or benefits. / 【试题解析】 水 水是饮食中重要的成分。一个成年人体重的 50一 70由水组成。水是人体成长和维持身体机能所必需的。例如，它帮助排出废物，调节体温，并为身体内的生理反应提供介质。水通过尿液和汗液排出体外，必须通过饮食补充。如果没有喝下足够的水，肾脏就会受损。 【知识模块】 听写 3 【正确答案】 US Congress The United States Congress is made up of the House of Representatives and the Senate. / Congress is the legislative
12、 branch of government. / It is responsible for creating, debating and changing laws in the United States. / Both the House and the Senate must approve a bill in order for it to become law. / The House of Representatives has 435 members elected by voters in congressional districts. / The representati
13、ves are divided among the 50 states based on population size. / The House of Representatives can introduce bills that deal with taxes or spending. / It can also remove federal officials from office. / And it can elect the president in the case of an equal number of votes in the electoral college. /
14、While representation in the House is based on population size, / all states are equally represented in the Senate. / There are 100 members of the Senate, 2 for each state. / The Senate approves or disapproves treaties. / It also confirms or rejects presidential nominations / for positions like Supre
15、me Court justices and ambassadors. / 【试题解析】 美国国会 美国国会由众议院和参议院组成。它是美国政府的立法部门。只有经两个议院同意，法案才得以通过并形成新的法律。众议院议员有 435名，是由各州选区按照人口比例进行选举产生的。众议院可以提出有关税法和消费的议案，也可以撤销在职的联邦官员。在选举期间如果出现选票相同的情况，众议院有选举总统的权利。 【知识模块】 听写 4 【正确答案】 Reptiles at Risk A research made in conjunction with 200 species conservation experts h
16、as found / the future of 19% of the worlds reptiles are threatened. / Experts also confirmed that 47% are vulnerable / and highlighted the possible extinction of three species. / Reptiles are a group of animals including turtles, tortoises, snakes, lizards, crocodiles and worm lizards. / The lizard-
17、like animals found only in New Zealand are also included. / Usually, reptiles can be indicators of environmental problems. / Many species are highly specialized in terms of habitat use and climatic conditions. / This makes them particularly sensitive to environmental changes. / According to the stud
18、y, levels of threat to the diverse group of animals / are particularly high in tropical regions / due to pressures from agriculture and logging. / Many species of reptiles are in danger of disappearing. / The survey is aimed to provide an indicator of biological diversity both now and over time, / i
19、n an effort to make such research more collaborative. / 【试题解析】 危在旦夕的爬行动物 一项研究发现，世界上 19的爬行动物的未来正受到威胁。爬行动物包括 海龟、乌龟、蛇、蜥、鳄鱼以及蚯蚓等动物。它们通常能反映环境问题，因为许多物种对环境变化特别敏感。 【知识模块】 听写 5 【正确答案】 Petroleum Petroleum has been important since ancient times. / The Greek historian told of its use in the form of pitch for bu
20、ilding and road making. / Petroleum is a fossil fuel. / The liquid comes from the remains of plants and animals / that died millions of years ago. / These remains were buried deep below levels of rock over time and under great pressure. / This geological process created complex molecules of hydrogen
21、 and carbon. / Oil can also contain other elements. / Crude oil, or unprocessed petroleum, / is called sour when it contains a lot of sulphur, an impurity. / Sour crude requires more refining than sweet crude, / which is low in sulphur and, as a result, often more valuable. / The modern history of oil started in the middle of the 1800s. / At that time, a method was found to make kerosene fuel from petroleum. / This kind of fuel became popular for heating and lighting. / 【试题解析】 石油 石油自古以来就非常重要 ，它是深埋在岩石层下达数百万年的动植物遗体在重压下经年累月形成的。石油的现代史开始于 19世纪中期，那时人们已经知道如何从石油中提炼出煤油了。 【知识模块】 听写
