1、专业英语四级（听力）模拟试卷 219及答案与解析 SECTION A TALK In this section you will hear a talk. You will hear the talk ONCE ONLY. While listening, you may look at ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word (s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptabl
2、e. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking. You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task. 0 Mastering the Art of Conversation 1. Make eye contact Give a【 T1】 _ smiling look Avoid forcing interaction on uninterested people Be outgoing instead of【 T2】 _ Have a sense of boundary Know【 T3
3、】 _to approach others 2. Ask【 T4】 _ More than “Yes“ or “No“ Encourage people to【 T5】 _ Suggested ideas Thoughts about a book/magazine 【 T6】 _ to do around here Where to shop for clothes 3. Search for a(an) 【 T7】 _ Probe for things in common Same workplace, 【 T8】 _friends Start with scenario with str
4、angers: Ask for【 T9】 _ in a bookstore Make jokes when waiting in line Offer a compliment Avoid【 T10】 _ comments 1 【 T1】 2 【 T2】 3 【 T3】 4 【 T4】 5 【 T5】 6 【 T6】 7 【 T7】 8 【 T8】 9 【 T9】 10 【 T10】 10 Stop Being a People Pleaser 1. Say “no“ Give reasons instead of【 T1】 _ excuses Examples Its stressful t
5、o【 T2】 _ a large family Say “【 T3】 _“ when declining a party invitation Start small and say it firmly and【 T4】 _ 2.【 T5】 _ your boundaries Compare your boundaries to limits you set on others Decide what is unacceptable,【 T6】 _, abnormal How it feels to be treated with【 T7】 _ 3. Re-examine your【 T8】
6、_ Help other because of willingness Kindness: by choice, not because of【 T9】 _ Am I wise when helping others yet neglecting myself? Is my action【 T10】 _? 11 【 T1】 12 【 T2】 13 【 T3】 14 【 T4】 15 【 T5】 16 【 T6】 17 【 T7】 18 【 T8】 19 【 T9】 20 【 T10】 专业英语四级（听力）模拟试卷 219答案与解析 SECTION A TALK In this section
7、you will hear a talk. You will hear the talk ONCE ONLY. While listening, you may look at ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word (s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking. You have
8、 THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task. 0 【听力原文】 Mastering the Art of Conversation Good morning, guys. Todays topic is a practical one: how to master the art of conversation? Some of us are naturally outgoing, and its part of our personality; for others, it is simply painful and struggling
9、to keep a conversation going on. Actually, making and promoting conversations is a skill that could be learned through practice. Here are some useful tips to start with. First, make eye contact. If youre in a social situation, such as at a party, try to make eye contact with the other people. 1Once
10、youve established eye contact, give the other person a friendly, smiling look. If the other person holds your gaze, go over to them. Double points if they smile back! If they dont respond, let them go their way. 2Theres a difference between being “outgoing“ and “pushy.“ You dont want to force intera
11、ction on someone who isnt interested. This approach doesnt work well in situations where others do not commonly expect to be approached, such as while riding public transit. 3Part of being outgoing is knowing when and where to approach others and when to keep to yourself. 4Second, ask open-ended que
12、stions. One way to be more outgoing in your conversations with others is to ask them open-ended questions. These questions invite others to respond with more than a “yes“ or “no.“ 5Its easier to start up a chat with someone new if you encourage them to share about themselves. If youve already exchan
13、ged eye contact and smiles with someone, and youre close by, start off with a question. Here are some ideas: How do you like that book/magazine? 6What is your favorite thing to do around here? Where did you find that awesome t-shirt? 7Third, search for a commonality. First conversations between peop
14、le are all about what the two parties mesh on. In order to find out what you can talk about, you have to probe for things you have in common. 8If you work together or have mutual friends or have anything that links you together, problem solved. Talking about the boss or your friend Susan or that coo
15、king class will open up further topics of discussion. If this person is a stranger, you could start with the scenario. 9For example, if youre in a book store, you could ask the other person for a favorite reading recommendation. If youre both stuck in a long line, you could make a joke about it. 10O
16、ffer a compliment but be careful to avoid things that sound judgmental. For example, you could say you love the persons haircut and then ask where she/he got it done. Or you could say that youve been looking for a pair of sneakers like the ones the other persons wearing forever, and ask where she/he
17、 got them. 10Avoid things that are likely to seem offensive, such as comments on the persons size, skin color, or physical attractiveness. Feel free to try as hard as you want and enjoy becoming talkative and outgoing. However, always keep in mind that there is definitely nothing wrong with being an
18、 introvert and being shy. 【知识模块】 讲座 1 【正确答案】 friendly 【试题解析】 本题考查细节。录音在阐述第一个建议时提到：在社交场合应主动地与他人进行眼神接触；眼神接触建立后，随即应该给予他人友好的笑脸 (a friendly， smiling look)。 【知识模块】 讲座 2 【正确答案】 pushy 【试题解析】 本题考查对大意的理解。录音指出，在外向地 (outgoing)与人社交的同时，也应注意不要强人所难 (pushy)，尤其是对显然没有兴趣社交的人。 【知识模块】 讲座 3 【正确答案】 when and where 【试题解析】 本题
19、考查细节。承接上一要点，录音进一步说明， “外向 ”(outgoing) 仅意味着采取主动的行为，还意味着应该对具体场合有判断的意识，知道何时何地 (when and where)适合社交。 【知识模块】 讲座 4 【正确答案】 open-ended questions 【试题解析】 本题考查考生对主要观点的把握。录音提出的第二个建议是多问开放式问题 (ask open-ended questions)，注意 open-ended一词有连字符号。 【知识模块】 讲座 5 【正确答案】 share about themselves 【试题解析】 本题考查对大意的理解。录音解释道：多问开放性问题的
20、好处在于能够鼓励不熟悉的人谈论、分享自己的感受和看法 (share about themselves)。 【知识模块】 讲座 6 【正确答案】 Favorite thing Favourite things 【试题解析】 本题考查细节。录音中就开放性问题举了三个例子：如询问对方对某本书或某本杂志的看法，询问对方在 附近最爱做的事情 (favorite thing to do)，或询问买衣服的店。 【知识模块】 讲座 7 【正确答案】 commonality 【试题解析】 本题考查考生对要点的把握。录音提出的第三个建议是寻找共同之处 (search for commonality)。 【知识模块
21、】 讲座 8 【正确答案】 mutual shared 【试题解析】 本题考查细节。录音提到，在寻找共同之处时，若恰好跟对方是同事，或有共同的朋友 (mutual friends)，话题便很容易继续下去 。 【知识模块】 讲座 9 【正确答案】 a reading recommendation 【试题解析】 本题考查对例子的理解。录音提到，对于与陌生人交流，可以在具体的场景 (scenario)中寻找话题，如在书店。可以询问关于阅读方面的推荐 (reading recommendation)。 【知识模块】 讲座 10 【正确答案】 judgmental offensive 【试题解析】 本题
22、考查对信息的理解和整合。在 “赞美别人 ”(offer a compliment)这一分论点 中，录音提到应该避免任何听起来品头论足 (judgmental)的评论，也不应该说冒犯别人 (offensive)的话，因此写对其中一个即正确。 【知识模块】 讲座 10 【听力原文】 Stop Being a People Pleaser Good afternoon. Todays topic might speak to a lot of you here: Are you a people pleaser? Are you sick of being “too nice“? If you ha
23、ppen to be a people pleaser, then people are always taking advantage of you. Youre also probably not getting what you want out of life. Stop thinking about what would make others happy and focus on what you need. Its time to shift the focus from others to yourself. You could start with saying “no“.
24、1Dont make up excuses give your reasons for not wanting something. For example, your husband wants his entire family to come to Christmas dinner, and you just cant face it. 2Say, “Im sorry darling, I find the pressure of entertaining such a large number of people intolerable.“ Your best friend wants
25、 you to go with him to a party that will be full of people that you cant stand? 3Say, “No thanks, Bob. Its just not my scene.“ You dont have to say “Seriously, Bob? Your friends are all jerks.“ 3A simple “no, thanks“ will generally suffice. Start small by finding something small to say “no“ to, 4and
26、 say it firmly. Say it politely, but mean it! Youll be surprised the world will not collapse around your ears! People rarely take offense, and those that do arent worth pleasing. 5Then, constantly evaluate your boundaries. Compare those to the limits you set on others. To what extent are you willing
27、 to restrict your openness to being used by others? What is acceptable behavior for you and what is unacceptable? Being able to analyze this factor allows you to measure what can be done for others and what shouldnt be done for others in a much more objective manner. Is that the same for you and for
28、 others? Do you accept the unacceptable? 6Tolerate the intolerable? Normalize the abnormal? 7Do you know what it feels like to be treated with dignity and respect? Learn how to identify and label unacceptable treatment from others and how to set limits on their behavior when they violate your bounda
29、ries. 8Last but not least, stop basing your self-worth on how much you do for other people. Its noble that you want to help others, but its something you should do because you want to, not because you feel you have to. The willingness to help others should come after you know how to help yourself. 9
30、The greatest acts of kindness are those done by choice, not out of fear or guilt. If youre helping others to such an extent that you are neglecting yourself, is that really wise? 10 And, if youre doing things for others because you would feel bad if you didnt, is the action really genuine? Would you
31、 want others to help you for the same reason? Please remember: never think that the world around you will collapse if you fail to please a person. After all, it can be difficult to improve your own life when youre too busy accommodating others. 【知识模块】 讲座 11 【正确答案】 making up 【试题解析】 本题考查对原文大意的理解及对细节的把
32、握。录音在阐述第一个要点时提到：首先要学会对别人说 “不 ”，应该直接给出自己的理由 (give your reasons)而非编造借口 (make up excuses)。需要注意的是，由于前面有 instead of，故应用“-ing”形式。 【知识模块】 讲座 12 【正确答案】 entertain 【试题解析 】 本题考查细节。录音在论述如何用合理的理由拒绝别人的要求时，举例说明：当丈夫提出请全家人在家里过圣诞节时，妻子可以用 “招待一大家子人压力太大 ”(I find the pressure of entertainingintolerable) 的理由来拒绝。 【知识模块】 讲座
33、 13 【正确答案】 no， thanks 【试题解析】 本题考查对大意的理解。录音在第一个观点的例证和总结句中均提到，在拒绝别人时无须过分地评论或展开，简明扼要地说一句 “no， thanks”即可。注意 “no”和 “thanks”之间应有逗号。 【知识模块】 讲座 14 【正确答案】 politely 【试题解析】 本题考查细节。录音中提到，先从 “不 ”开始说起，要说得坚决；说得要有礼貌，但很坚定。提纲中已出现 firmly。所以本题应填入 politely。 【知识模块】 讲座 15 【正确答案】 Evaluate 【试题解析】 本题考查考生对要点的把握。录音提出的第二个要点是 “经
34、常性地审视自己的限度 ”(constantly evaluate your boundaries)，注意首字母要大写。 【知识模块】 讲座 16 【正确答案】 intolerable 【试题解析】 本题考查对信息的理解和整合。录音在论证 “审视自己的限度 ”时提出了一系列的 “扪心自问 ”，其中一个问题是：你是否能容忍那些难以容忍的事 ?(Tolerate the intolerable?)三个并列的问题分别对应题目中的并列形容词unacceptable， intolerable， abnormal。 【知识模块】 讲座 17 【正确答案】 dignity and respect 【试题解析】
35、 本题考查细节。 继前面的一系列 “扪心自问 ”之后，演讲者继续提问：你是否知道 “被待以尊严和尊重 ”(to be treated with dignity and respect)是什么样的感觉 ? 【知识模块】 讲座 18 【正确答案】 self-worth 【试题解析】 本题考查对信息的理解和整合。录音的第三个要点为：不要用 “自己能给别人多大的帮助 ”来定义自己的价值。而提纲里用的是概括性的动词 re-examine，即应重新审视自己的自我价值 (self-worth)。 【知识模块】 讲座 19 【正确答 案】 fear or guilt 【试题解析】 本题考查细节。录音提到，帮助别人应该建立在自愿的前提下，是一种个人的选择，而非出于恐惧或愧疚 (out of fear or guilt)。提纲中的 because of为文中 out of的同义替换。 【知识模块】 讲座 20 【正确答案】 genuine 【试题解析】 本题考查对信息的理解和细节的捕捉。承接前一个问题。演讲者继续 “扪心自问 ”：如果帮助他人仅因为内疚，这种行为还是诚挚的 (genuine)吗 ? 【知识模块】 讲座
