1、专业英语四级（听力）模拟试卷 224及答案与解析 SECTION A TALK In this section you will hear a talk. You will hear the talk ONCE ONLY. While listening, you may look at ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word (s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptabl
2、e. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking. You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task. 0 Hand Gestures in Different Cultures 1. Thumbs up America and Europe: a【 T1】 _ or approval sign 【 T2】 _ countries: rude and offensive gesture Australia: a. a sign of OK b. a grave insult: moving
3、 it【 T3】 _ 2. The dog call America and Europe: a【 T4】 _ gesture Philippines: offensive and used only for【 T5】 _ Singapore: indicating【 T6】 _ 3. The OK sign Great Britain and America: everything is good Latin America and France: it has【 T7】 _ Turkey: a sign of a【 T8】 _ 4.【 T9】 _ Latin America: hurry
4、up Great Britain and America: a remember something b. 【 T10】 _ 1 【 T1】 2 【 T2】 3 【 T3】 4 【 T4】 5 【 T5】 6 【 T6】 7 【 T7】 8 【 T8】 9 【 T9】 10 【 T10】 10 How to Build a Strong Team Spirit 1. Three principles to building a team Teamwork is based on【 T1】 _ Team spirit stems from【 T2】 _ Team members must【 T3
5、】 _the culture. 2. Ways to building a team 【 T4】 _ people fit team culture Use【 T5】 _ and pre-employment assessments Let everyone know where youre going Make every team member part of the【 T6】 _ Hold the team【 T7】 _results Establish clear team and individual expectations Keep communication lines ope
6、n Encourage【 T8】 _ communication Resolve team conflicts【 T9】 _ Correct performance, attitude or ethics problems Keep morale high Recognize【 T10】 _ 11 【 T1】 12 【 T2】 13 【 T3】 14 【 T4】 15 【 T5】 16 【 T6】 17 【 T7】 18 【 T8】 19 【 T9】 20 【 T10】 专业英语四级（听力）模拟试卷 224答案与解析 SECTION A TALK In this section you wil
7、l hear a talk. You will hear the talk ONCE ONLY. While listening, you may look at ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word (s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking. You have THIRTY
8、 seconds to preview the gap-filling task. 0 【听力原文】 Hand Gestures in Different Cultures Good morning, everyone. Today, we will talk about hand gestures and their interpretations in different cultures. Every day, we use our hands to explain our needs and thoughts. Hand gestures are a very important pa
9、rt of the body language. However, the same gesture can mean differently to people from different cultural background. Therefore, before we communicate with people in different cultures, we need to understand the meanings of gestures. Now we will look at some of the common gestures with their meaning
10、s. First, thumbs-up. The thumbs-up sign in most American and European cultures mean that things are going according to your plans or something you approve of. However, 1the going good sign translates into 2a rude and offensive gesture in Islamic and Asian countries. In Australia, it means OK, 3but i
11、f you move it up and down, it is considered as a grave insult. Next, the dog call. The dog call is a gesture where you curl your finger and summon someone towards you. 4In American and European cultures, this movement is mostly seen carried out by a tempting woman to her man. However, do not use thi
12、s seductive gesture in Philippines. This is because this is one of the worst forms of hand gesture 5that is to be used only for dogs. This gesture could get you arrested in Philippines or maybe even punishable by breaking your finger, so that you never ever attempt to try this offensive gesture agai
13、n. In Asian countries like Japan, the dog call is considered a rude gesture. 6In Singapore, it is indication of death. Another common gesture, the OK sign. It is mostly considered one of the good gestures. It is used by curling the index finger over the thumb and the remaining fingers extended above
14、 them. In Great Britain and America, this means that everything is good, well or OK Also, this sign is usually used by divers to indicate all is well or OK as the thumbs up sign means ascending. However, 7in Latin America and France it is considered as an insulting sign and it has negative connotati
15、ons attached to it 8In Turkey, the OK sign means one is a homosexual. 9Then we come to the last sign, snapping fingers. Snapping fingers over and over may mean one is trying to remember something someone has forgotten. In Latin America, snapping fingers means asking one to hurry up. 10In Great Brita
16、in and America, one snaps fingers when one remembers something or gets an idea. However, in many cultures, snapping fingers close to someones face is considered to be an offensive gesture. To sum up briefly, from one culture to another, hand gestures adopt a unique meaning. Those considered as a goo
17、d gesture in one country may be termed as an offensive gesture in some countries. Therefore, while you are visiting a new city or country, it is important to learn what certain gestures mean so that you wont offend anyone. 【知识模块】 讲座 1 【正确答案】 going good 【试题解析】 本题要求填入在美国和欧洲国家中， thumbs up(竖起大拇指 )被视为什么样
18、的手势。录音提到，在大多数的欧美文化中 (American and European cultures)，竖起大拇指的意思是事情按照你的计划进行或是你对事情表示认可，即事情进展顺利 going good或者赞同认可 (approval)。故本题填入 going good。 【知识模块】 讲座 2 【正确答案】 Islamic and Asian 【试题解析】 本题要求填入在哪些国家， thumbs up被视为是粗鲁无礼的手势(rude and offensive gesture)。录音提到，在伊斯兰和亚洲国家 (Islamic and Asian countries)，竖起大拇指被认为是一种粗
19、鲁无礼的手势。故本题填入 Islamic and Asian。 【知识模块】 讲座 3 【正确答案】 up and down 【试题解析】 本题涉及 thumbs up手势在澳大利亚代表的意义。录音提到，在澳大利亚，这个手势意味着 OK，但是如果 你将它上下移动 (move it up and down)，则被认为是一种严重侮辱 (a grave insult)的手势。故本题填入 up and down。 【知识模块】 讲座 4 【正确答案】 tempting seductive 【试题解析】 本题要求填入在美国和欧洲的文化中， the dog call(弯曲手指召唤某人靠近 )手势代表的意义
20、。根据录音，在欧美文化中，这种手势通常是具有诱惑力的女人 (tempting woman) 唤男人时使用的。然而在菲律宾 (Philippines)不要使用这 样诱人的手势 (seductive gesture)。故本题填入 tempting或者 seductive皆可。 【知识模块】 讲座 5 【正确答案】 dogs 【试题解析】 本题要求填入在菲律宾 (Philippines)， the dog call手势使用的对象。根据录音，这是一种最不好的手势，仅用于召唤狗。故本题填入 dogs。 【知识模块】 讲座 6 【正确答案】 death 【试题解析】 本题要求填入 the dog call
21、手势在新加坡 (Singapore)代表的意义。根据录音 ，在新加坡，这个手势暗示死亡 (indication of death)。故本题填入death。 【知识模块】 讲座 7 【正确答案】 negative connotations 【试题解析】 本题要求填入 the OK sign在拉丁美洲和法国是什么样的手势。根据录音，这个手势在拉丁美洲和法国被认为是一种侮辱性的符号，具有负面涵义(negative connotations)。故本题填入 negative connotations。 【知识模块】 讲座 8 【正确答案】 homosexual 【试题解析】 本题要求填入在土耳其 (Tu
22、rkey)， the OK sign代表的意义。根据录音，在土耳其，这个手势是同性恋 (homosexual)的标志。故本题填入homosexual。 【知识模块】 讲座 9 【正确答案】 Snapping fingers 【试题解析】 本题要求补充最后一个要点内容。根据录音内容得知，最后一个要谈论的手势是 snapping fingers(弹响指 )。故本题填入 Snapping fingers。 【知识模块】 讲座 10 【正确答案】 get an idea 【试题解析】 本题要求填入在英国和美国， snapping fingers代表的意义。根据录音，在英国和美国，人们弹响指表示的是想起
23、某件事情 (remembers something)或者想到一个主意 (gets an idea)。故本题填入 get an idea。 【知识模块】 讲座 10 【听力原文】 How to Build a Strong Team Spirit No man is an island, especially in a business organization. Whether you are the CEO or the cleaning lady, in an organization you have to consider yourself as part of a team in o
24、rder for a business to function smoothly. As we know,. creating a team environment in a company does not come easy. To effectively build teams, it is important to remember three principles: 1Teamwork is based on a companys culture. Companies that encourage open, honest communication and foster emplo
25、yee interaction are in a better position to have good teamwork among employees. 2Team spirit comes from the top. Building effective teams with the right attitude stems from the highest levels of an organization. Only by flattening the traditional organizational pyramid can one expect to instill the
26、right team culture. 3The staff must fit the culture. Some people are team players and some arent. Its partly a question of personality and partly a matter of training. One person in the team with the wrong attitude can frustrate and even do harm to the effort of the entire team. Teams are not born,
27、theyre built. Heres how to go about building an effective team. First, start at the beginning 4Hire people who fit into the companys team culture. 5Use interviews and pre-employment assessments well to determine a persons personality and traits. Look for cooperation and a willingness to listen in or
28、der to determine whether an applicant can work well in a team environment. Second, let everyone know where youre going 6This means making employees part of the strategic planning process and making sure they understand the goals. Its important that every team member buys into the plan. Third, 7hold
29、the team accountable for results Establish clear team and individual expectations. Make sure everyone understands that its the result of the teams work that counts. Base your reward system on the teams ability to achieve its goals. Provide individual recognition based on contribution to the team eff
30、ort. Fourth, keep communication lines open 8 Encourage frank and open communication among team members and management. Solicit ideas and suggestions from team members on ways to better achieve the teams goals. 9Fifth, resolve team conflicts immediately Work to correct performance, attitude or ethics
31、 problems of individual team members when it is possible. If the person just doesnt fit into the team mold, replace him or her with one who does in order to protect the integrity of the team. Sixth, keep morale high 10Team members function best when their individual contribution to the team are reco
32、gnized. This, in turn, leads to a strengthening of the team spirit among its individual members. Making employees realize that they are part of one team is the best antidote to an insular, narrow-minded work attitude. This will create a willingness on the part of everyone to pull in one direction, r
33、egardless of the job or task at hand. With all the advice, I believe it is resourceful enough. Now, it is your turn to think how to use the knowledge I offered to build your own team. 【知识模块】 讲座 11 【正确答案】 a companys culture corporate culture 【试题解析】 本题要求补充第一个原则。录音提到，要建立高效团队，打造团队精神，有三个原则要谨记，本题要点是第一个原则：
34、团队是以企业文化为基础的(teamwork is based on a companys culture)，所以填入 a companys culture或corporate culture皆可。 【知识模块】 讲座 12 【正确答案】 the top 【试题解析】 本题要求补充三个原则中的第二点，团队精神的形成是自上而下的(from the top)，所以此处填入 the top。 【知识模块】 讲座 13 【正确答案】 fit/fit into 【试题解析】 本题考查原则中的第三点。录音提到员工必须融入企业文化 (Staff must fit the culture)，接着谈到态度不正确的
35、团队成员会对整个团队的工作造成伤害，所以填入 fit或 fit into皆可。 【知识模块】 讲座 14 【正确答案】 Hire Employ Recruit 【试题解析】 录音提到，树立团队精神的第一步是聘请符合企业文化的入 (hire people who fit into the companys team culture)，空格中要求填入表示 “雇佣 ”的动词，故 hire、 employ和 recruit皆可。 【知识模块】 讲座 15 【正确答案】 interviews 【试题解析】 结合上文，要聘请符合企业文化的人，可通过面试 (interview)和入职前测评 (pre-emp
36、loyment assessment)来确定应聘者的个性和特点，所以此处填入interviews。 【知识模块】 讲座 16 【 正确答案】 strategic planning process 【试题解析】 本题考查建立团队的第二个方法，录音提到第二个做法是要让员工成为战略规划过程 (strategic planning process)的一部分，确保其了解团队的目标，所以 strategic planning process是本题答案。 【知识模块】 讲座 17 【正确答案】 accountable for 【试题解析】 本题考查建立团队的第三个方法，录音提到第三个方法即要让整个团队对结果
37、负责，直接引用原文的 accountable for即可。 【知识模块】 讲座 18 【正确答案】 frank and open 【试题解析】 本题要求补充第四个做法的要点 鼓励团队成员和管理层之间诚实公开地沟通，所以填入 frank and open。 【知识模块】 讲座 19 【正确答案】 immediately 【试题解析】 本题考查第五点做法，需填入修饰 resolve team conflicts的副词，录音提到要立即解决团队里的矛盾冲突，故填入 immediately。 【知识模块】 讲 座 20 【正确答案】 individual contribution 【试题解析】 录音提到，让团队成员高效工作的最好方法是认可个人对团队的贡献，本题要求填入的关键词是个人贡献，故填入 individual contribution。 【知识模块】 讲座
