1、专业英语四级（听力）模拟试卷 265及答案与解析 SECTION A TALK In this section you will hear a talk. You will hear the talk ONCE ONLY. While listening, you may look at ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word (s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptabl
2、e. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking. You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task. 0 Apologize Effectively 1. Demonstrate your regret Admit you are【 T1】【 T1】 _ Dont【 T2】 your actions【 T2】 _ Makes your apology less【 T3】【 T3】 _ Accuse people of misunderstanding you 2.【 T4】【 T4】 _
3、. 【 T5】 apologies are meaningful and show your attention【 T5】 _ Avoid【 T6】 : impossible to address the issue【 T6】 _ 3. Communication matters Listen to others and stay【 T7】【 T7】 _ If the other party is still upset, take a【 T8】【 T8】 _ redirect the conversation from【 T9】【 T9】 _ 4. Conclusion Apologizin
4、g isnt easy, make it【 T10】【 T10】 _ 1 【 T1】 2 【 T2】 3 【 T3】 4 【 T4】 5 【 T5】 6 【 T6】 7 【 T7】 8 【 T8】 9 【 T9】 10 【 T10】 10 5 Tips to Know Before Your First Lab Class 1.【 T1】 the experiment in advance【 T1】 _ Follow verbal【 T2】【 T2】 _ Review printed guide 2. Wear the right clothes and gear No open-toed s
5、hoes Remove【 T3】 and dangling jewelry【 T3】 _ Lab coat or apron,【 T4】 , and goggles【 T4】 _ 3. Be aware of safety equipment and its【 T5】 _【 T5】 _ Emergency eye-washers and emergency showers Exhaust hoods Fire blankets and【 T6】【 T6】 _ 4. Fill out【 T7】【 T7】 _ 【 T8】 important measurement and observation【
6、 T8】 _ 5. Complete lab report Have a【 T9】 of experiment【 T9】 _ Reread and【 T10】 it when necessary【 T10】 _ 11 【 T1】 12 【 T2】 13 【 T3】 14 【 T4】 15 【 T5】 16 【 T6】 17 【 T7】 18 【 T8】 19 【 T9】 20 【 T10】 专业英语四级 （听力）模拟试卷 265答案与解析 SECTION A TALK In this section you will hear a talk. You will hear the talk ON
7、CE ONLY. While listening, you may look at ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word (s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking. You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task
8、. 0 【听力原文】 Apologize Effectively An apology is an expression of remorse for something youve done wrong, and serves as a way to repair a relationship after that wrongdoing. Forgiveness occurs when the person who was hurt is motivated to repair the relationship with the person who inflicted the hurt.
9、An effective apology will communicate three things: regret, responsibility, and communication. Apologizing for a mistake might seem difficult, but it will help you repair and improve your relationships with others. First of all, you need to demonstrate your regret. 1Admit that you have realized that
10、 you were wrong and you are now regretful. 2Remember always avoid justifying your actions. Its natural to want to justify your actions when explaining them to another person. 3However, presenting justifications will often obscure the meaning of an apology, because the other person may perceive the a
11、pology as insincere. Justifications may include claims that the person you hurt misunderstood you, such as “you took it the wrong way.“ They may also include denial of injury, such as “it wasnt really that bad.“ 4Next, accept responsibility. Be as specific as possible when you accept responsibility.
12、 5Specific apologies are more likely to be meaningful to the other person, because they show that you have paid attention to the situation that hurt him. 6Try to avoid overgeneralizing. Saying something like “Im a terrible person“ is not true, and it isnt attentive to the specific behavior or situat
13、ion that caused the hurt. Overgeneralizing makes addressing the issue seem impossible; you cant fix being a “terrible person“ as easily as you can fix “not paying attention to someone elses needs.“ For example, continue the apology by stating what, specifically, caused the hurt. “I deeply regret hur
14、ting your feelings yesterday. I feel terrible about causing you pain. I should never have snapped at you for picking me up late.“ Third, communication matters most. Listen to the other person. The other person may want to express their feelings to you. She may still be upset. She may have more quest
15、ions for you. 7Do your best to stay calm and open. If the other person is still upset with you, she/he may react in an unfavorable way. If the person yells or insults you, these negative feelings may prevent forgiveness from occurring. 8Either take a timeout or try to redirect the conversation to a
16、more productive topic. 8To take a timeout, express your empathy for the other person and offer them the choice. Try to avoid seeming like youre blaming the other person. For example, “I clearly hurt you, and it seems like youre upset right now. Would it be helpful to take a brief timeout? I want to
17、understand where you are coming from, but I want you to feel comfortable.“ 9To redirect the conversation from negativity, try to learn specific behaviors that the other person wishes you had done instead of what you actually did. For example, if the other person says something like “You just never r
18、espect me! “ you could respond by asking “What would help you feel that respect in the future?“ or “What do you hope I would do differently next time?“ Apologizing is never easy, for both parties; thus, 10try to make it as comfortable and effective as possible. Good luck! 【知识模块】 讲座 1 【正确答案】 wrong an
19、d regretful 【试题解析】 本题考查对要点的把握和概括。录音在阐述第一个主观点时提到，道歉的第一步在 于承认自己的错误并表达自己的悔意，所以应概括为 wrong and regretful，只回答 wrong或 regretful都是不完整的。 【知识模块】 讲座 2 【正确答案】 justify 【试题解析】 本题考查细节。录音指出，在表达歉意的同时，千万不要为自己的行为进行辩护 (avoid justifying your actions)。注意：空格前面为助动词 Dont，故应用动词原型 justify。 【知识模块】 讲座 3 【正确答案】 sincere 【试题解析】 本题
20、考 查对大意的理解。录音指出，为自己的行为辩护会使得道歉的本意失色，使对方认为你的道歉不诚恳 (insincere)，此处结合提纲的措辞 (less)，应该填的词是 sincere。 【知识模块】 讲座 4 【正确答案】 Accept responsibility 【试题解析】 本题考查对要点的把握。录音在开头即提到，有效的道歉包括三个方面： regret， responsibility， communication。在阐述第二个主要观点时又一次提到道歉者应该承担自己的责任 (accept responsibility)。因此，本空填 Accept responsibility。 【知识模块】
21、 讲座 5 【正确答案】 Specific 【试题解析】 本题考查对关键词的捕捉。录音两次强调，道歉应该越具体(specific)越好；具体的道歉 (specific apologies)更有意义，更能展现你对他人的关注。 【知识模块】 讲座 6 【正确答案】 overgeneralization 【试题解析】 本题考查对分论点的把握。录音在论证 “道歉时应该勇于承担责任 ”这个主观点时，提出两个分 观点：第一，道歉应具体；第二，应避免过于笼统(Try to avoid overgeneralization)。 【知识模块】 讲座 7 【正确答案】 calm and open 【试题解析】 本
22、题考查细节。录音指出，在倾听对方的表达时，应努力保持平静和坦率 (stay calm and open)。 【知识模块】 讲座 8 【正确答案】 timeout time-out 【试题解析】 本题考查对分论点的把握。录音的第三个要点为积极沟通，并提出如果对方情绪依然低落 (不适合沟通 )，则可以采取两种办法：第一，暂停一下 (take a timeout)；第二，转移话题 (redirect the conversation)。 【知识模块】 讲座 9 【正确答案】 negativity 【试题解析】 本题考查细节。录音提到，如果对方情绪依然低落 (不适合沟通 )，可以把话题从消极的情绪中转
23、移出来 (redirect the conversation from negativity)。 【知识模块】 讲座 10 【正确答案】 comfortable and effective 【试题解析】 本题考查细节。录音结尾提到，道歉对双方都不容易，所以应尝试着以尽可能舒服并有效的方式来进行。 【知识模块】 讲座 10 【听力原文】 5 Tips to Know Before Your First Lab Class As students, you do much of your learning sitting inside a classroom, listening to an in
24、structor lecture. Such learning can sometimes feel repetitive and boring. Thus, many students are excited by the fun and the hands-on opportunity to learn. However, they can also become dangerous rather quickly if the proper safety precautions and lab regulations are not respected. To help make sure
25、 you stay safe, please follow five tips before stepping foot inside your first lab class: 1First, make sure you understand the experiment before it starts. Before leading an experiment, your teacher will likely review the instructions that you and your classmates are to follow in the lab. 2Besides v
26、erbal instructions, you will also typically be provided with a printed guide, often with diagrams and illustrations, explaining the experiment in detail. While your teacher reviews the instructions, its critical to follow along so that you know how to perform the experiment safely and accurately onc
27、e class begins. Second, wearing the right kind of clothes and gear in the lab helps keep you safe. Because each experiment involves the use of different equipment and chemicals, which vary in their degree of hazard, your teacher should provide you with detail on what to wear to each class, depending
28、 on the experiment. In general, however, you should never wear open-toed shoes in the lab. 3To mitigate the chance of you catching on fire, remove loose clothing, like scarves, and roll up long sleeves. To that end, you should also remove any dangling jewelry, and if you have long hair, tie it back.
29、 4Always wear a lab j coat or apron, gloves, and goggles when handling chemicals. 5Third, be aware of safety equipment and where its located. Some common types of lab safety equipment include emergency eye-washers and emergency showers, which should be used when chemicals get into the eyes or on one
30、s skin; exhaust hoods, which are used to divert dangerous chemical fumes and smoke; 6and fire blankets and fire extinguishers, which are used to douse fire. You should know how to use each so that you can react appropriately if an accident does occur. 7Fourth, fill out your lab form as you conduct y
31、our experiment Often, this form is part of the lab instructions. When conducting the lab, fill out this form as you go along rather than trying to remember everything you did in the lab and filling it in after class is over. 8This will help ensure you dont forget to record anything important, such a
32、s a precise measurement or detailed observation. Fifth, complete your lab report as soon as possible after the lab. 9Lab reports are a more detailed analysis of your experiment and how it connects to a larger scientific concept. Though your teacher will typically give you a few days to a week to fin
33、ish a lab report, it should be much easier to complete a lab report sooner rather than later as the experiments concept and the steps are still fresh in your mind. 10Plus, finishing your lab report early will give you time to reread it, and revise it when necessary. Last but not least, we hope that
34、you will find these tips useful and enjoy your first lab class. Thank you. 【知识模块】 讲座 11 【正确答案】 Understand 【试题解析】 本题考查考生对要点的把握。关于实验室课的第一个提示 (tip)是学生应在开始前了解该实验 (experiment)，此处可填入 Understand或意思相近的词语。 【知识模块】 讲座 12 【正确答案】 instructions 【试题解析】 本题考查细节。录音提到，老师会告知学生实验的相关说明(instructions)，包括口头说明和书面指导，此处应填入 inst
35、ructions。注意复数形式。 【知识模块】 讲座 13 【正确答案】 loose clothing 【试题解析】 本题考查细节，关于实验室穿戴安全的要点，录音提到不应穿宽松的 衣物，例如围巾；要把袖子卷起来。 【知识模块】 讲座 14 【正确答案】 gloves 【试题解析】 本题考查细节。录音中举例说明标准的实验室穿戴包括实验袍 (lab coat)或围裙 (apron)、手套 (gloves)和护镜 (goggles)，手套多用复数形式，所以此处最佳选择是 gloves，不可仅填入 glove。 【知识模块】 讲座 15 【正确答案】 location 【试题解析】 本题考查对要点内容
36、的理解。录音中提到第三个提示是学生应了解安全设备和其位置 (where its located)，分析题目可知应填入名词或名词性词组，location为正确答案。 【知识模块】 讲座 16 【正确答案】 fire extinguishers 【试题解析】 本题考查细节，提纲中列举了多种安全设备。录音提到，灭火毯(fire blankets)和灭火器 (fire extinguishers)是用于灭火。要注意全部使用的是复数形式，所以填入 fire extinguishers。 【知识模块】 讲座 17 【正确答案】 lab laboratory form 【试题解析】 本题考查考生对要点的把握
37、。录音中提到第四个提示是学生应在实验过程中填写实验表，所以 lab laboratory form是最佳答案。 【知识模块】 讲座 18 【正确答案】 Record Take notes of 【试题解析】 本题考查对原文意思的理解。根据录音得出 lab form的实质，填写该表可以确保你不会忘记记录 (record)实验当中的步骤和要点，应填入意思为“记录 ”的动词或动词性词组，例如 record和 take notes of。 【知识模块】 讲座 19 【正确答案】 more detailed analysis 【试题解析】 本题解释了实验报告 (lab report)定义，录音指出它是实验的详细分析以及理论联系实际的产出。由此可得出，此空应填入 more detailed analysis。 【知识模块】 讲座 20 【正确答案】 revise modify 【试题解析】 本题要求补充实验报告的作用。录音提到，尽快完成报告，就可在有需要的时候重读 (reread)和修改 (revise)报告，故填入 revise或其同义词，例如modify。 【知识模块】 讲座
