1、专业英语四级(核心语法)历年真题试卷汇编 14及答案与解析 一、 PART IV GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY (15 MIN) Directions: There are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. 1 She _ fifty or so when I first met
2、her at a conference. ( A) had been ( B) must be ( C) has been ( D) must have been 2 Which of the following sentences expresses “probability“? ( A) You must leave immediately. ( B) You must be feeling rather tired. ( C) You must be here by eight oclock. ( D) You must complete the reading assignment o
3、n time. 3 “You _ borrow my notes provided you take care of them,“ I told my friend. ( A) could ( B) should ( C) must ( D) can 4 Loudspeakers were fixed in the hall so that everyone _ an opportunity to hear the speech. ( A) ought to have ( B) must have ( C) may have ( D) should have 5 I went there in
4、 1984, and that was the only occasion when I _ the journey in exactly two days. ( A) must make ( B) must have made ( C) was able to make ( D) could make 6 He _ unwisely, but he was at least trying to do something helpful. ( A) may have acted ( B) must have acted ( C) should act ( D) would act 7 Sinc
5、e the weather is fine we _walk for a while. ( A) may ( B) must ( C) might as well ( D) will 8 If your car_ any attention during the first 12 months, take it to an authorised dealer. ( A) shall need ( B) should need ( C) would need ( D) will need 9 As it turned out to be a small house party, we _ so
6、formally. ( A) need not have dressed up ( B) must not have dressed up ( C) did not need to dress up ( D) must not dress up 10 You _ Mark anything. It was none of his business. ( A) neednt have told ( B) neednt tell ( C) mustnt have told ( D) mustnt tell 11 _ should not become a serious disadvantage
7、in life and work. ( A) To be not tall ( B) Not being tall ( C) Being not tall ( D) Not to be tall 12 “The man preparing the documents is the firms lawyer“ has all the following possible meanings EXCEPT_ ( A) the man who has prepared the documents. ( B) the man who has been preparing the documents. (
8、 C) the man who is preparing the documents. ( D) the man who will prepare the documents. 13 Whats the chance of_ a general election this year? ( A) there being ( B) there to be ( C) there be ( D) there going to be 14 In phrases like freezing cold, burning hot, or soaking wet, the -ING participle is
9、used ( A) as a command. ( B) as a condition. ( C) for concession. ( D) for emphasis. 15 All you do now is _ your homework. ( A) complete ( B) completing ( C) having completed ( D) to have completed 16 _ at in this way, the present economic situation doesnt seem so gloomy. ( A) Looking ( B) Looked (
10、C) Having looked ( D) To look 17 In international matches, prestige is so important that the only thing that matters is to avoid _. ( A) from being beaten ( B) being beaten ( C) beating ( D) to be beaten 18 _, he can now only watch it on TV at home. ( A) Obtaining not a ticket for the match ( B) Not
11、 obtaining a ticket for the match ( C) Not having obtained a ticket for the match ( D) Not obtained a ticket for the match 19 _ time, hell make a first-class tennis player. ( A) Having ( B) Given ( C) Giving ( D) Had 20 The three men tried many times to sneak across the border into the neighbouring
12、country, _ by the police each time. ( A) had been captured ( B) being always captured ( C) only to be captured ( D) unfortunately captured 21 Agriculture is the countrys chief source of wealth, wheat _ by far the biggest cereal crop. ( A) is ( B) been ( C) be ( D) being 22 Time _, the celebration wi
13、ll be held as scheduled. ( A) permit ( B) permitting ( C) permitted ( D) permits 23 There _ nothing more for discussion, the meeting came to an end half an hour earlier. ( A) to be ( B) to have been ( C) being ( D) be 24 Which of the following italicized parts is a subject clause(主语从句 )? ( A) We are
14、 quite certain that we will get there in time. ( B) He has to face the fact that there will be no pay rise this year. ( C) She said that she had seen the man earlier that morning. ( D) It is sheer luck that the miners are still alive after days. 25 The team can handle whatever_. ( A) that needs hand
15、ling ( B) which needs handling ( C) it needs handling ( D) needs to be handling 26 Quality is _ counts most. ( A) which ( B) that ( C) what ( D) where 27 The government has promised to do _ lies in its power to ease the hardships of the victims in the flood-stricken area. ( A) however ( B) whichever
16、 ( C) whatever ( D) wherever 28 After_ seemed an endless wait, it was her turn to enter the personnel managers office. ( A) that ( B) there ( C) what ( D) it 29 Hes _ as a “bellyacher“ hes always complaining about something. ( A) who is known ( B) whom is known ( C) what is known ( D) which is known
17、 30 She managed to save _ she could out of her wages to help her brother. ( A) how little money ( B) so little money ( C) such little money ( D) what little money 31 There is no doubt_ the company has made the right decision on the sales project. ( A) why ( B) that ( C) whether ( D) when 32 I was ve
18、ry interested in _ she told me. ( A) all that ( B) all which ( C) all what ( D) that 33 The party, _ I was the guest of honour, was extremely enjoyable. ( A) by which ( B) for which ( C) to which ( D) at which 专业英语四级(核心语法)历年真题试卷汇编 14答案与解析 一、 PART IV GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY (15 MIN) Directions: There ar
19、e thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. 1 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 when引导的时间状语从句用了过去时 (met),因此本句是对以往年龄或过去事实的推测,要用 “must+have+过去分词 ”形式,故 D正确。 2 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 must除了表示 “必须 ”之义外,
20、还可以表示 “推测猜测 ”之义。这四句话的意思分别是: A你必须马上离开。 B你一定很累了吧。 C你必须八点之前到这儿。 D你必须按时完成阅读作业。由 此可见, B为正确答案。 3 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 provided引导条件状语从句,相当于 if。主句表示 “许可 ”,在口语中常用 can,所以选 D。 4 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 so that可以引导结果状语,也可以引导目的状语,本句引导的是目的状语从句。引导目的状语从句时,日常口语中可以使用 “so that+主语十 will,would, can, could”。正式场合中使用 “sothat+主语 +may, m
21、ight, shall,should”。 should表示可能性时,指情理 之中的 “应当 ”,故 D项 should have正确。 5 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 本句是陈述过去事实,而 A项 must多指现在或将来的情况,一般不用来表示过去必须做某事,据此排除。 B项 must have done sth表示对过去行为的推测、猜想,不一定是事实,与句意不符。 D项 could指 “一般的能力 ”,通常不表示某人在某一场合设法做了某事故不正确。 C项 wasable to专用于过去的具体场合,尤其指 “具有能力完成某件有难度的事情 ”,因此正确。 6 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 根
22、据题意,这件事情已经发生了,因此应用 “情态动词 +have done”表示对过去事实的推测。 may与 must在语气的肯定程度上有很大区别: must的语气相当肯定,而 may的肯定程度要弱一些。本题并不是确定性的推测,因此应选 A. 7 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 四个选项均可后接动词原形。从句用 since引导,说明某种事实或前提,主句的语气不适合用 may, must或 will。 might as well意为 “不妨 ”, C适合本句的情态含义。 8 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 本题考查 should表示语气较强的假设的用法。 should可以用在假设句中加强假设的语气,
23、选 B正好符合题意。此句的前半句是 if引导的条件句,条件句中要用一般现在时态来表示将来时态,而 A项 shall need和 D项 will need都采用了将来时态,违反了这一语法规则。 C项 wouldneed多表示意愿、预期发生的事,缺少 should所含的 “万一 ”的假设含义,不妥。 9 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 根据前一分句中的 turn out to be “到后来才发现 ”,可知说话者事先并不知情,所以事实上穿得很正 规, need not have done结构表示 “本没必要 ”,符合题意,故 A为答案。 C项 didntneed to do表示在过去没必要做某事,
24、并且事实上也没有做,故不对; must not常表示 “不准 ”, B、 D都不正确。 10 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 neednt have done sth表示做了本来不必要做的事情, A符合题意。本题后半句所用的过去式表示 tell的动作已经发生, B项是建议或要求, D项意为 “不准告诉 ”,这两项的动作均未发生。故不正确; must表推测时用于肯定句,不用于否 定,故 C项也不对。 11 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 此句缺主语。动词不定式和动名词都可以用作主语,但动名词作主语通常是泛指一般的抽象概念而不定式作主语常表示具体的某一动作。两者用于否定时都是把 not提前。 “长
25、得不高 ”并不是一个具体的动作因此动名词更为合适,因此选 B。 12 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 现在分词作定语一般表示 “主动 ”和 “进行 ”。四个选项都是主动语态; B(现在完成进行时 )和 C(现在进行时 )是进行体,无疑正是现在分词定语的含义。 A是现在完成时,有 “过去的动作但对现 在有影响 ”之义,也是现在分词定语的含义。只有 D是一般将来时,与现在分词的含义不一致,表达的是不定式 to prepare的含义。故答案是 D。 13 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 句中介词 of后面要跟动名词 being,而动名词可以有其逻辑主语there(there be结构 ),因此 A是
26、正确答案。 D项 there going to be是缺少谓语的一般将来时。不是动名词结构,注意区别。 14 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 考查短语含义和现在分词用法。 A“作为命令 ”, B“作为条件 ”,C“让步 ”, D“强调 ”。 D是正确答案,强调现在分词后面的形容词所表示的冷、热、湿的程度。 15 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 在 SVC(主、系、表 )句型中,如果主语部分有实义动词 do的某种形式,则作主语补足语的不定式既可带 to也可不带 to。所以,正确答案为 A。选项 D的不定式时态不当,现在完成时表示已经完成的动作。 16 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 分词用法。本
27、题分句的主语是 the present economic situation,与动词 look应该构成逻辑上的被动关系,因此应选过去 分词。 B符合题意。 A和 C都表主动, D中的不定式通常表目的,用在句中语意不通。 17 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 avoid后只跟名词或者动名词作宾语。此题上下文的意思是说要 “避免被打败 ”,因此要用动名词的被动语态,故 B选项为正确答案。 18 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 本句中主语 he和 obtain之间是逻辑上的主谓关系,因此是现在分词短语作原因状语;由于 “没弄到门票 ”发生在 “看电视 ”之前,这里应该使用现在分词的完成式,否定词 n
28、ot应该置于整个现在分词结构之前,因此本题应该选 C。 19 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 Given用于句首表假设,其后跟名词、代词或词组。故答案为 B。 20 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 only to这一不定式作结果状语,意为 “不料,结果 ”,因此 C为正确答案。 A项是谓语动词的过去完成时,不能作状语; B项的现在分词状语表示原因或伴随等,不表结果,意思不对,所以不选; D项的过去分词 captured只表示某一次的动作,与 each time相矛盾。 21 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 分析本句结构,由于逗号不能连接两个完整的句子 ,因而逗号后所接部分只能是非谓语形式,加上
29、它有自己的主语 wheat,则构成独立主格结构,表示伴随状态。 A项 is和 C项 be为谓语动词,不可选;而 B项 been为过去分词,只见于独立结构中的被动形式,不合题意。请注意,此处 being也可省略, “主语 +名词 ”的结构也是独立主格的形式之一,如: Two hundred people died in theaccident, most of them children 22 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 独立主格结构。此句中使用的是 “主语 +动词一 ing形式 ”的 独立主格结构,作条件状语,相当于 If time permits,因此应选 B。由于 time和 perm
30、it不构成被动或完成关系,因此不选 C。 A和 D为谓语动词,无法构成独立结构,因此不能选。 23 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 there be句型可以使用独立主格结构作原因状语,现在分词形式可表原因,故 C项正确。 24 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 D中的 It是形式主语, that引导真实的主语从句; A中的 that引导表语从句; B中的 that引导同位语从句; C中的 that引导宾语从句。因此本 题选 D。 25 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 whatever引导的名词性从句作动词 handle的宾语,同时 whatever在从句中作主语, whatever相当于 any
31、thing that,故选项 D正确。选项 A、B、 C中的 that, which, it都是多余的。 26 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 要填入的是表语从句的引导词,该引导词在从句中作主语,因此需要填入 what,故 C为答案。 what counts most相当于 all that counts most,意思是“最重要的 (东西 )”。 27 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 本句需填入的连接词引导动词 do的宾语从句,并在从句中充当主语成分。四个选项中只有 B项 whichever和 C项 whatever能引导名词性从句,但whichever一词强调 “多个选择中的任何一个 ”,
32、而这句话里并没有选择的含义;而whatever相当于 anything that,符合题意,故 C项正确。 however用于引导方式状语从句, wherever引导地点状语从句,皆不正确。 28 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 C项 what在 after后引 导一个宾语从句,既作 after的宾语,又充当从句中的主语,符合题意。 A项 that不对,因为在宾语从句中, that只能连接从句,不能同时在从句中作主语。 B项 there与 D项 it皆不能作连接代词。 29 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 本句 Hes后为表语从句,其后的连接词既引导表语从句,又要在从句中作主语,只有 what
33、可以,故 C为正确答案。 what is known意为 “所谓的,大家所知道的 ”。 30 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 本句 save后面为宾语从句,从句中 could后事实上省略 了重复的动词 save,空格处在宾语从句中作宾语,因此需要用 what引导。故答案为 D。 31 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 doubt在否定句中带同位语从句时引导词通常是 that;在肯定句中则一般用 whether。本句是否定句 (no doubt),用连词 that,故答案为 B。 32 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 all作为先行词,指代 she told me的内容。 all作先行词时只可以与关系代词 that搭配使用, all that等于 what。句中介词 in后面不能接 that引导的宾语从句 ,故 D错。 33 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 可以把先行词和定语从句还原为: I was the guest of honorthe party “在晚会上 ”应该用介词 at,因此选 D。