[外语类试卷]专业英语四级(语法与词汇)模拟试卷3及答案与解析.doc

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1、专业英语四级(语法与词汇)模拟试卷 3及答案与解析 一、 PART IV GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY (15 MIN) Directions: There are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. 1 If Mary had had enough money, _on the t

2、rip to Sidney last Christmas. ( A) she would have gone ( B) had she gone ( C) she went ( D) she would go 2 In ten years time, all those youngsters will become_. ( A) grown-ups ( B) growns-up ( C) growns-ups ( D) grown-up 3 They failed six times but they have made their minds to try_. ( A) seven time

3、s ( B) seventh time ( C) a seventh time ( D) the seventh time 4 They decided to chase the cow away_it did more damage. ( A) unless ( B) before ( C) although ( D) until 5 _, a man who expresses himself effectively is sure to succeed more rapidly than a man whose command of language is poor. ( A) Were

4、 other things equal ( B) Other things being equal ( C) To be equal to other things ( D) Other things to be equal 6 When I arrived at the meeting, the first speaker_and the audience_. ( A) had finished speaking, had clapped ( B) finished speaking, clapped ( C) had finished speaking, were clapping ( D

5、) finished speaking, were clapping 7 The children went there to watch the iron tower_. ( A) being erected ( B) to erect ( C) be erected ( D) erecting 8 Mr. White works with a chemicals import & export company, but he_for the industrial fair, since he is on leave. ( A) has worked ( B) works ( C) is w

6、orking ( D) has been working 9 Although it is a very tough task, you_afraid of any difficulties. ( A) need not to be ( B) need not ( C) dont need ( D) need not be 10 It is desired that the tour leader_us immediately of any change in plans. ( A) inform ( B) informs ( C) informed ( D) has informed 11

7、The directors have a meeting every Friday, unless there is nothing to discuss. Which of the following sentences has a similar meaning? ( A) The directors have a meeting every Friday without exception. ( B) The directors occasionally have no meeting on Friday. ( C) The directors have no meeting on Fr

8、idays. ( D) The directors have nothing to discuss at the meeting every Friday. 12 _I hate to do it, I must stay home and study tonight. ( A) As much as ( B) As much ( C) Though much ( D) As many as 13 The idea of traveling through_space to other planets interests many people today. ( A) a ( B) the (

9、 C) / ( D) one 14 While reading the newspaper, _. ( A) a colorful ad caught my eyes ( B) my attention was attracted by an ad ( C) I was attracted by a colorful ad ( D) what attracted me was a colorful ad 15 As_announced in todays paper, the Shanghai Export Commodities Fair is also open on Sundays. (

10、 A) being ( B) to be ( C) is ( D) been 16 How long did it take you to realize he was dishonest? I_from the start. ( A) looked through him ( B) saw through him ( C) look forward to him ( D) saw him through 17 Sharp_make short graces. So dont laugh at those lesser beings who do not have enough to supp

11、ort themselves. ( A) heads ( B) feet ( C) fingers ( D) stomachs 18 He was a talented man, so his parents expected much of him. But unfortunately he failed his parents and he was behind_. ( A) bars ( B) doors ( C) windows ( D) walls 19 His_of the basic structures is good but his vocabulary is limited

12、. ( A) hold ( B) grip ( C) grasp ( D) seizure 20 If I am in trouble, I am sure that she wouldnt_a finger to help me. ( A) burn ( B) bend ( C) hold ( D) lift 21 Her audience did not find these works easy to understand though today we found them more_. ( A) fanciful ( B) comprehensive ( C) comprehensi

13、ble ( D) fantastic 22 The army got the order to arrive at the front immediately, but their advance was _by bad weather. ( A) confused ( B) hampered ( C) hammered ( D) perplexed 23 They are not the kind of the people to_threats. ( A) yielding ( B) yielding to ( C) yield to ( D) yield up 24 _energy un

14、der the earth must be released in one form or another, for example, an earthquake. ( A) Accumulated ( B) Gathered ( C) Assembled ( D) Collected 25 The fact that the management is trying to reach an agreement_five separate unions has led to long negotiations. ( A) over ( B) upon ( C) in ( D) with 26

15、They offered me a loan on very_terms. ( A) favorable ( B) favorite ( C) favored ( D) favor 27 She was told to_a sum of money from her salary each month. ( A) set off ( B) set up ( C) set aside ( D) set about 28 I wish the man behind me wouldnt have_their newspapers while the play was going on. ( A)

16、cracked ( B) giggled ( C) screeched ( D) rustled 29 The native Canadians lived in_with nature, for they respected nature as a provider of life. ( A) coordination ( B) acquaintance ( C) contact ( D) harmony 30 His hand shook a little as he_the key in the lock. ( A) inserted ( B) pierced ( C) squeezed

17、 ( D) jammed 专业英语四级(语法与词汇)模拟试卷 3答案与解析 一、 PART IV GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY (15 MIN) Directions: There are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. 1 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 该题是语法结构题,考查

18、虚拟语气的用法。当虚拟语气用在非真实条件句中表示与过去事实相反时,从句的谓语动词用 had+done形式,主句的谓语动词用 would should could/might +have done形式。因此,根据题意和语法规则,选项 A为最佳答案。 【知识模块】 语法与词汇 2 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 该题是语 法结构题,考查合成名词复数的用法。合成名词的复数一般加在主体名词上,如 brother-inlaw,其复数形式是 brothers-in-law。如果没有主体名词,复数形式加在最后,如 go-between,其复数形式是 gobetweens,又如 grownup其复数形式是 g

19、rown-ups。因此,根据题意和语法规则,选项 A为最佳答案。 【知识模块】 语法与词汇 3 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 该题是语法结构题,考查序数词的用法。英语里序数词是用来表示人或事物次序的,序数词前面一般要用定冠 词 the,如 the first day, the second house等。但是有时也用 a(n),表示又一个或又一次等,如: I lost the first two games but I want to try a third game前两盘我输了,但是我想再试一盘。该句中并没有表达次序的意思,只是表示要再试一次,选项 D可以排除。因此,根据题意和语法规则,选

20、项 C为最佳答案。 【知识模块】 语法与词汇 4 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 该题是语法结构题,考查连词的用法。连词 before引 导时间状语从句,通常表示主句动词发生在从句动作之前,如: He did not know any English before he went to England在去英国以前,他一点英语都不懂。因此,根据题意和语法规则,选项 B为最佳答案。 【知识模块】 语法与词汇 5 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 该题是语法结构题,考查分词的独立主格结构。独立主格结构由名词或代词 +动词现在分词过去分词、形容词、副词、介词短语、名词、动词不定式等构成,在句中做状语。该

21、句子的主语是 a mall,谓语是 is sure to succeed。独立主格由名词 (other things)+现在分词 (being)+形容词构成。其实该独立主格结构还可以省掉现在分词 being,直接用 other things equal结构。因此,根据题意和语法规则,选项 B为最佳答案。 【知识模块】 语法与词汇 6 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 该题是语法结构题,考查动词的时态。在该句子中,中心时间点是“我到达会场时 ”,第一位发言人讲话应该是先于此时发生,故用过去完成时态,观众鼓掌应该是与到达同时发生,故用过去进行时态。 选项 A第一个答案正确,但第二个时态不合句子意义。

22、选项 B两个答案均不合句子意义。选项 D第二个答案正确,但第一个不对。因此,根据题意和语法规则,选项 C为最佳答案。 【知识模块】 语法与词汇 7 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 该题是语法结构题,考查分词做宾语补足语的用法。分词在句中可以做句子的表语、定语、宾语的补足语和状语等。常跟分词做宾语补足语的动词有 catch, have, keep, see, hear, find, feel, leave, notice, watch, set等。现在分词做宾语补足语表示动 作正在发生,如: I saw the boys climbing the wall我看见孩子们在爬墙。该题中带宾语补足语的

23、动词是 watch,宾语补足语是现在分词的被动语态,表示正在被修建。因此,根据题意和语法规则,选项 A为最佳答案。 【知识模块】 语法与词汇 8 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 该题是语法结构题,考查动词的时态。完成该题的关键是理解句子的逻辑关系, but连接两个并列分句。第一个分句陈述的一个事实是 White先生在一家化学制品进出口公司工作,表示转折意义的并列连词说明他在休假期 间可能在于与之不同的事。原因状语从句 since he is on leave用的是一般现在时,那么主句应该用现在进行时态。因此,根据题意和语法规则,选项 C为最佳答案。 【知识模块】 语法与词汇 9 【正确答案】

24、D 【试题解析】 该题是语法结构题,考查情态动词的用法。 need既可做实义动词,也可做情态动词。当 need做实义动词时,有时态和人称变化,如: He needs to go home他需要回家一趟。当它是情态动词时,无人称变化,只有现在时,并且用在否定句、疑问句和条件句中,如: You neednt work so late你不必工作得这么晚。因此,根据题意和语法规则,选项 D为最佳答案。 【知识模块】 语法与词汇 10 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 该题是语法结构题,测试虚拟语气在动词 desire后的宾语从句中的用法。宾语从句表示要求、建议、命令等意义,它的谓语动词是 should+

25、动词原形,或直接用动词原形;类似的动词还有 suggest, demand, insist, require,advise, command, prefer, ask, request等。因此,根据题意和语法规则,选项A为最佳答案。 【知识模块】 语法与词汇 11 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 该题是语法结构题,考查对 unless引导的条件状语从句意义的正确理解。 if和 unless是最常用的引导条件状语从句的连 词, unless在意义上等于ifnot 。 if可用于虚拟条件中, unless 一般不用于虚拟条件中,如: We could go to a concert unless

26、youd prefer to visit a museum除非你更愿意去博物馆,我们可以去音乐会。 You will fail unless you work hard除非你努力工作,否则你会失败。因此,根据题意和语法规则,选项 B为最佳答案。 【知识模块】 语法与词汇 12 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 该题是语法结构 题,考查对让步状语从句的用法。 though,although, even if和 even though是最常用的引导条件状语从句的连词。除此以外,还有其他单词和短语也可以表示让步,其中之一便是 (as)much as,意思是 “尽管 ”,如: (As)much as h

27、e needed money for a new car, he decided not to borrow it from the bank尽管他需要钱买一辆新车,但是他决定不向银行贷款。因此,根据题意和语法规则,选项 A为最佳答案。 【知识模块 】 语法与词汇 13 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 该题是语法结构题,考查零冠词的用法。零冠词即不用冠词,表示名词的泛指或一般概念,当 space作 “太空 ”讲时,前面不需要冠词。 travel through space意义是 “穿越太空 ”。因此,根据题意和语法规则,选项 C为最佳答案。 【知识模块】 语法与词汇 14 【正确答案】 C 【

28、试题解析】 该题是语法结构题,考查分词做状语时逻辑主语与主句主语的一致性。从词语搭配来看,该句中分词短语 reading the newspaper的逻 辑主语应该是某人,根据分词做状语时逻辑主语要与主句主语相一致的原则可以推断,选项A、选项 B和选项 D均不符合语法规则。因此,根据题意和语法规则,选项 C是最佳答案。 【知识模块】 语法与词汇 15 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 该题是语法结构题,考查关系代词 as的用法。 as引导非限定性定语从句时,代替整个主句,对其进行说明,如: He is a famous columnist for several papers and magaz

29、ines, as is known to the world众 所周知,他是一位著名的专栏作家,为几家报纸和杂志撰稿。 As was usual with him, he went to climb the mountain this weekend像往常一样,他这个周末去爬山了。在本题非限定性定语从句中, as是主语,其后需要一个谓语结构,选项 A、选项 B和选项D不能构成谓语结构。因此,根据题意和语法规则。选项 C是最佳答案。 【知识模块】 语法与词汇 16 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 该题是词汇题,考查动词与介词搭配构成的动词词组辨析。动词词组 look through sb意思是

30、“假装没有看见而不理会某人 ”,如: Yesterday I saw her on the campus, but she just looked straight through me昨天我在校园里看见她了,可她居然对我视而不见。动词词组 look through sth意思是 “快速查看、浏览 ”,如: She looked through her notes before the exam在考试前她匆匆看了一下笔记。动词词组 see through sb sth意思是 “看透、识 破 (某人或某物 )”,如: I can see through your little game我看穿了你

31、的小把戏。动词词组 see sb Through (sth )意思是 “帮助某人渡过 (难关 )”,如: Her courage and good humor saw her through她的勇气和乐观帮她渡过了难关。动词词组 see sth through意思是 “把 (工作等 )坚持完成 ”,如: We are determined to see the job through我们决心完成工作。动词词组 look forward to sth doing sth意思是“盼望某物或做某事 ”。因此,根据题意,选项 B为最佳答案。 【知识模块】 语法与词汇 17 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析

32、】 该题是词汇题,考查习惯表达法。 Sharp stomachs make short graces是一句英语谚语。其他选项不符合该谚语的表达习惯,应该排除掉。因此,根据题意,选项 D为最佳答案。 【知识模块】 语法与词汇 18 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 该题是词汇题,考查习惯表达法。名词 bar本来表示 “(木、金属等的 )条 ”等。但它的复数和介词 behind在一起构成习惯表达 behind bars,意思是“蹲班房、坐牢 ”。如: The murderer is now safely behind bars杀人犯现在被关在监狱里,不会再造成危险了。选项 B、选项 C和选项 D不能

33、构成此习惯表达。因此,根据题意,选项 A为最佳答案。 【知识模块】 语法与词汇 19 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 该题是词汇题,考查名词近义词辨析。四个选项中的词都有 “抓住、抓紧 ”的意思,但它们的含义有细微差异。 hold意思 是 “(用手 )抓、控制 ”,后面介词用 of,如: She tried to keep hold of the childs hand as they walked along他们走路的时候,她尽力拉住孩子的手不放。 He struggled to get a hold of his anger他竭力压制住自己的怒火。 grip与 hold近似,表示 “紧紧抓

34、住、控制 ”,后面介词用 on,如: Keep a tight grip on the rope抓紧绳索。 grasp意思是“抓住、抓紧 ”,后面介词也用 on,如: She felt a firm grasp on her arm她感到手臂被人紧紧地抓住了。 grasp还可以表示 “理解力、领会 ”,后面介词用 of,如:He has a good grasp of German grammar他德语语法掌握得很好。 seizure表示“没收、夺取 ”,如: The court ordered the seizure of his assets法庭下令没收其财产。因此,根据题意,选项 C为最

35、佳答案。 【知识模块】 语法与词汇 20 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 该 题是词汇题,考查动词与名词搭配构成的习惯用语。动词短语not to lift raise a finger hand(to do sth )意思是 “一点忙也不帮 ”,如: The children never lift a finger to help around the house孩子们从不帮着做家务。其他几个选项不能与 a finger构成习惯用语。因此,根据题意,选项 D为最佳答案。 【知识模块】 语法与词汇 21 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 该题是词汇题,考查形容词的辨析。形容词 fanciful意思

36、是 “空想的、想象的 ”,如: He told the children a fanciful story他给孩子们讲了一个虚构的故事。形容词 comprehensive意思是 “全面的、综合的 ”,如: The government gave a very comprehensive explanation of its plans for industrial development政府全面解释了工业发展的计划。形容词 comprehensible意思是 “可以理解的、好懂的 ”,如: One often finds a writers books more comprehensible

37、if one knows about his life and the time he was alive如果人们了解一个作家的生活经历和他所生活的时代特点,就会发现更容易理解该作家的作品。形容词 fantastic意思是 “怪诞的、不切实际的 ”,常用作定语放在名词前面,如: fantastic dreams of forests and jungles关于森林和热带丛林的怪梦 a fantastic project不切实际 的方案。因此,根据题意,选项 C为最佳答案。 【知识模块】 语法与词汇 22 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 该题是词汇题,考查动词词义的辨析。动词 confuse意思

38、是 “使糊涂 ”。动词 hamper意思是 “阻碍 ”,如: Their work was hampered for lack of equipment由于缺乏设备,他们的工作进展受阻。动词 hammer(together)意思是“用锤和钉拼合 ”,如: hammer together a picture frame用锤和钉制作一个相框。动词 perplex意思是 “使窘困 ”,用被动结构,如: be perplexed for an answer不知怎么回答才好 perplex a man with questions以问题使人困窘。因此,根据题意,选项 B为最佳答案。 【知识模块】 语法与

39、词汇 23 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 该题是词汇题,考查动词词组。动词 yield的意思是 “产生、让步、投降 ”等,与它相关的动词短语是 yield to(向 低头投降让步 )和 yield up(生产出、让给 ),如: The town soon yielded to the attackers这座城马上就要失守了。 It is still polite to yield up your seat on the bus to all old lady在公共汽车上给老奶奶让座是礼貌的行为。题干中的 people后面要跟动词不定式,选项 B不能用。因此,根据题意,选项 C为最佳答案。 【

40、知识模块】 语法与词汇 24 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 该题是词汇题,考查动词词义辨析。动词 accumulate意思是 “逐渐积累 (成堆 )、 (数量 )逐渐增加 ”,如: By investing wisely she accumulated a fortune她投资精明,积累了一笔财富。动词 gather意思是 “集合、聚集 ”,如:A crowd soon gathered很快就聚集了一群人。动词 assemble意思是 “(为共同目的 )聚集、组装 ”,如: All the students were asked to assemble in the main hall全体学

41、生被通知到大礼堂集合。动词 collect意思是 “收集 ”。因此,根据题意,选项A为最佳答案。 【 知识模块】 语法与词汇 25 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 该题是词汇题,考查名词与介词的搭配。名词 agreement不能和over或 in搭配使用,可以和 upon与 with搭配使用,但是意思不一样。 reach agreement with sb upon sth “与某人就某事达成协议 ”。因此,根据题意,选项D为最佳答案。 【知识模块】 语法与词汇 26 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 该题是词汇题,考查形式相近但意义差别大的词汇辨析。四个选项中均有词根 favor。选项 fav

42、orable的意思是 “给人好印象的、赞同的、优惠的 ”,如: She made a favorable impression on his parents她给他父母留下了好印象。 favorable comments好评。 favorite“喜爱的、宠爱的 ”。因此,根据题意,选项A为最佳答案。 【知识模块】 语法与词汇 27 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 该题是词汇题,考查动词短语用法。短语 set off意思是 “出发、动身 ”,如: We set off for London just after ten刚过十点,我们就动身去伦敦了。短语 set up意思是 “成立、建立 ”,如:

43、set up roadblocks设路障。短语 set aside意思是 “留出、存蓄 ”,如: Each week he tried to set aside a few dollars of his salary他每周都存些钱。短语 set about后续 doing sth,意思是 “着手做某事 ”,如: We had to set about getting rid of the bad habit of smoking我们得着手改掉 抽烟这个坏习惯了。因此,根据题意,选项 C为最佳答案。 【知识模块】 语法与词汇 28 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 该题是词汇题,考查拟声词的用法辨

44、析。动词 crack的意思是 “(使 )破裂, (使 )爆裂 ”,如: The hunters rifle cracked and the deer fell dead猎人枪一响。鹿应声倒地死去。动词 giggle的意思是 “哈哈地笑 ”。动词 screech的意思是“发出尖锐的声音 ”,如: The monkeys were screeching in the trees猴子在树上尖声叫着。动词 rustle意思是 “发出沙沙声 ”,如: the sound of the trees rustling in the breeze树木在微风中发出的沙沙声。因此,根据题意,选项 D为最佳答案。

45、【知识模块】 语法与词汇 29 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 该题是词汇题,考查名词词义辨析。名词 coordination的意思是“协调、配合 ”,如: a pamphlet produced by the government in coordination with the Sports Council政府在体委的配合下发行的小册子。名词 acquaintance的意思是 “熟人、一般交情 ”,如: He is just a business acquaintance他只是生意上认识的人。 I have no acquaintance with him我和他没有什么交情。短语 be i

46、n contact with的意思是 “与某人保持联系 ”。短语 be in harmony with的意思是 “与某人或某物和谐共处 ”。因此,根据题意,选项 D为最佳答案。 【知识模块】 语法与词汇 30 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 该题是词汇题,考查动词词义辨析。动词 insert的意思是 “插入、嵌入 ”,如: They inserted a tube in his mouth to help him breathe他们在他嘴里插了一根管子帮助他呼吸。动词 pierce的意思是 “刺破、穿透 ”,如: The arrow pierced his shoulder箭头射入他的肩膀。动词 squeeze的意思是 “挤压、挤过 ”,如: We managed to squeeze six people into the car我们在那辆车上塞进了六个人。动词 jam的意思是 “(使劲 )压 ”,如: He jammed his fingers into his ears他用手指使劲堵住耳朵。因此,根据题意,选项 A为最佳答案。 【知识模块】 语法与词汇

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