1、专业英语四级（阅读）模拟试卷 133及答案与解析 一、 SECTION A In this section there are several passages followed by ten multiple-choice questions. For each question, there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer. 0 (1)My job is to provide relevant, factually accura
2、te information that is interesting, useful and entertaining to my readers, be they Brainstorm or ITWeb readers. (2)My job is not to get your corporate message across. If you want to get your corporate message out to the market take an advertisement, or, failing that, do a good enough job that your c
3、lients get your message and spread it for you, then you wouldnt be so desperate that you have to attempt to force me to do it. (3)Secondly, my job is to take information from any sources as I feel are relevant or necessary, and process it into one smooth, seamless story that makes sense, and is easy
4、 and pleasant to read. It is not my job to print every single word of jargon and marketing waffle that spews from your lips. Should you choose to spew jargon and marketing waffle during an interview, it will not be used. Try plain, simple English in future. (4)What my job reminds me of is to use com
5、ments and quotes! that provide knowledge and insight, not to use anything you have said merely because you have said it. What I use and what I do not use in a story is my privilege. Should I choose not to use your quote there is nothing you can do about it. (5)Further, my job is to write stories tha
6、t my readers want to read, thus keeping the magazine or websites ideas alive and kicking, and thus providing advertisers with an audience to advertise to. Should I write what you want me to write my readers will stop reading and you will have no vehicle for your marketing and advertising. (6)Additio
7、nally, should you have a hissy fit and threaten to pull your ads, or never advertise again, because I ran a story you did not like, or did not use your quotes, or looked at you funny when you were having a bad day, you are not going to get a sympathetic response. You will get a positive and professi
8、onal response. Nice people will kindly attempt to explain to you about press freedom, and what is enshrined in SAs constitution, and that “really, really, were sorry but advertising people have no control over what those journalists do“. (7)What you will get from me is the pleasure of never being in
9、terviewed by me again. I will not be blackmailed. I will not be bullied. And I most certainly will not interview you again, knowing that if you happen to take an ad for that feature you will assume I am running your quotes to keep you happy. Conversely, I will not do an interview knowing that if I d
10、o not run your quotes you will assume it is because you have not taken an ad. (8)So the next time you have the urge to ask me if you can approve copy, or tell my sales team that you will not take an ad unless you are guaranteed editorial, remember the above and think about what you are actually doin
11、g. You are asking me to compromise my ethics, credibility, reputation, integrity and ultimately my career and I will not do that for you or anyone. 1 According to the author, jargon and marketing waffle are _. （ A） irrelevant （ B） unintelligible （ C） professional （ D） monotonous 2 The author writes
12、most probably in order to chiefly satisfy _. （ A） his desire （ B） the editors （ C） the media （ D） his readers 3 When the author refuses to take the clients quotes, he doesnt expect them to think _. （ A） that he is being blackmailed （ B） it is because they have taken an ad （ C） it is because they hav
13、e not taken an ad （ D） that he is being professional 3 (1)Ah, praise. So powerful are simple words of approval and admiration that the late psychologist B. F. Skinner once called praise giving “the greatest tool in behavior modification“. (2)Yet precisely because praise is such heady stuff, motivati
14、on researchers warn of its psychological perils. Although the researchers agree that encouragement is essential for everyone, studies have found that poorly chosen words of praise can be as manipulative as any other reward and just as destructive to creativity, perseverance and performance. Even beh
15、aviorists who advocate heavy use of praise for positive reinforcement in the classroom warn that its power can easily be missed. (3)Such condemnation of simple good words is difficult even for those who can clearly see the destructive potential of gold stars and other glittery enticements. But in fa
16、ct, Kohn argues, praise should not always be considered a synonym for human kindness. Children, he argues, can become completely dependent on praise and in that emotional process lose any love of doing things for their own sake. Experiments show, for example, that children who are praised for being
17、generous with others actually end up being less generous than those who received no strokes. (4)Praise has also been shown to have very disruptive effects on confidence, concentration and performance. People who receive praise often become so self-conscious of their temporary good standing that they
18、 cannot focus on the task at hand, or alternatively they simply avoid challenging themselves in order to prevent the possibility of failure. Case Western Reserve University researcher Roy F. Baumeister found that compliments are an effective way to increase pressure, making a person more likely to “
19、choke“. Subjects who were praised just before a test of video skills consistently performed worse than did those who were not. And students who were heavily praised became more unconfirmed in their answers and gave up more quickly on ideas teachers disagreed with. “I worry about children whose eyes
20、light up every time they are praised,“ says Kohn. “Many of them will grow to be adults desperate for others approval, unable to formulate their own standards.“ (5)Although words of praise may be more subtle than other rewards, the basic psychological issue is one of power and manipulation. “Often, t
21、he most striking thing about a positive judgment is that its a judgment,“ says Kohn. “It implies, I have power over you.“ Whats more, he adds, praise carries with it the possibility of criticism, which can make the loftiest praise threatening: todays “youre perfect“ can become tomorrows “you are wor
22、thless“. 4 Words of praise could become destructive when _. （ A） they are casually chosen （ B） they are heavily used （ C） they are not used by behaviorists （ D） they are out of an educational environment 5 Roy F. Baumeister found that heavy praise could result in peoples _. （ A） stubbornness （ B） la
23、ck of persistence （ C） lack of creativity （ D） incapability 5 (1)After 21 years of marriage, my wife wanted me to take another woman out to dinner and a movie. She said, “I love you, but I know this other woman loves you too, and she would love to spend some time with you.“ (2)The other woman that m
24、y wife wanted me to visit was my mother, who has been a widow for 19 years, but the demands of my work and my three children had made it possible to visit her only occasionally. That night I called to invite her to go out for dinner and a movie. “Whats wrong, are you well?“ she asked. My mother is t
25、he type of woman who suspects that a late night call or a surprise invitation is a sign of bad news. (3)“I thought that it would be pleasant to spend some time with you,“ I responded. “Just the two of us.“ She thought about it for a moment, and then said, “I would like that very much.“ (4)That Frida
26、y after work, as I drove over to pick her up, I was a bit nervous. When I arrived at her house, I noticed that she, too, seemed to be nervous about our date. She waited in the door with her coat on. She had curled her hair and was wearing the dress that she had worn to celebrate her last wedding ann
27、iversary. She smiled from a face that was as radiant as an angels. “I told my friends that I was going to go out with my son, and they were impressed,“ she said, as she got into the car. “They cant wait to hear about our meeting.“ (5)We went to a restaurant that, although not elegant, was very nice
28、and cozy. My mother took my arm as if she were the First Lady. After we sat down, I had to read the menu. Her eyes could only read large print. Half way through the entries, I lifted my eyes and saw Mom sitting there staring at me. A nostalgic smile was on her lips. (6)“It was I who used to have to
29、read the menu when you were small,“ she said. (7)“Then its time that you relax and let me return the favor,“ I responded. (8)During the dinner, we had an agreeable conversation nothing extraordinary but catching up on recent events of each others life. We talked so much that we missed the movie. (9)
30、As we arrived at her house later, she said, “Ill go out with you again, but only if you let me invite you.“ I agreed. (10)“How was your dinner date?“ Asked my wife when I got home. (11)“Very nice. Much more so than I could have imagined,“ I answered. (12)A few days later, my mother died of a massive
31、 heart attack. It happened so suddenly that I didnt have a chance to do anything for her. Some time later, I received an envelope with a copy of a restaurant receipt from the same place mother and I had dined. An attached note said: “I paid this bill in advance. I wasnt sure that I could be there; b
32、ut nevertheless, I paid for two plates one for you and the other for your wife. You will never know what that night meant for me. I love you, son.“ (13)At that moment, I understood the importance of saying in time: “I LOVE YOU,“ and to give our loved ones the time that they deserve. Nothing in life
33、is more important than your family. Give them the time they deserve, because these things cannot be put off till “some other time“. 6 When the mother took the authors arm into the restaurant, she _. （ A） looked like the First Lady （ B） was treated like the First Lady （ C） was as important as the Fir
34、st Lady （ D） felt as proud as being the First Lady 7 What did the mother mainly talk about to the author during the dinner? （ A） Her life after the authors marriage. （ B） Her life since the authors last visit. （ C） Her memory about the author as a child. （ D） Her expectation about future reunions. 8
35、 The passage intends to teach us how to cherish _. （ A） our parents （ B） love （ C） our family （ D） life 8 (1)Because of computers and cable television, the members of the audience will soon be more than watchers. They will be able to do more than choose their programs. They will also be able to give
36、 feedback on them. Two-way TV is not a dream. The hardware for such a two-way system already exists. (2)One experimental group of cable-television watchers is called Qube in Columbus, Ohio. Qube has thirty channels. Members pay for what they watch. The choice of programs includes everything from spo
37、rts to childrens shows, from TV games to anthropology. Most importantly, however, the viewers can talk back. A book-sized box of buttons makes it possible. For example, after a program, the announcer might ask for the opinion of the audience. The audience can respond by pushing buttons. An electroni
38、c signal goes to a bank of computers at the Qube station. Almost instantly, the data are analyzed, and the viewers see the results on their TV sets. (3)A nationwide Qube system would have many uses. Government leaders could use it to get feedback from the people. It could even be used for voting. Fu
39、rthermore, teachers in television classrooms could communicate with their unseen students. A television communication system would have a great influence on a country. For example, after a talk about a new product, an announcer could ask the audience for opinions. Would they buy the product? During
40、a talk by a government leader, the announcer could ask the audience to talk back. The leader would know whether the audience believed him or not. (4)The communication-computer system is possible because of glass. The same material that is used in windows can carry information. Glass strings as fine
41、as hair are being used in telephone wires. One glass string, which now carries only telephone signals, could connect a house to a central computer bank. Many different kinds of information could also travel on it. All of the telephone messages, a number of TV shows, and computer services could flow
42、through the glass at the same time. The home TV screen could act as a computer cathode ray tube. It could give any information that had been stored in it. For example, instead of an advertisement in the newspaper, a supermarket could put an ad on the computer. The person at home could ask the system
43、 for the ad, read it, and other groceries all at one time. The television set could connect a person to all other parts of the world. 9 Which of the following can be done by Qube? （ A） Giving oral feedback. （ B） Analyzing feedback on a computer. （ C） Playing games on TV. （ D） Responding by typing on
44、 a computer. 10 The present use of glass string is _. （ A） economical （ B） inefficient （ C） unprofitable （ D） scientific 二、 SECTION B In this section there are five short answer questions based on the passages in Section A. Answer the questions with No more than TEN words in the space provided. 11 P
45、ASSAGE ONE 11 What is the authors most likely occupation? 11 PASSAGE TWO 12 What does the last word “strokes“ in the third paragraph mean? 13 According to Roy F. Baumeisters finding,whats the bad effect of heavy praise? 14 PASSAGE THREE 14 What did the mother feel when she heard it was the sons call
46、? 15 PASSAGE FOUR 15 Which paragraph is about the potential uses of the Qube system? 专业英语四级（阅读）模拟试卷 133答案与解析 一、 SECTION A In this section there are several passages followed by ten multiple-choice questions. For each question, there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one tha
47、t you think is the best answer. 【知识模块】 阅读 1 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 原文第 3段末句的 plain， simple表明作者不采用 jargon and marketing waffle是因为它们不够通俗易懂，由此可见，本题应选 B。 jargon一词可能会让人联想到 C，而 waffle一词可能让人联想到 A或 D，但这些选项只是想象，而没有原文依据。 【知识模块】 阅读 2 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 第 5段首句表明读者想看什么。作者就写什么，可见他的写作是为了迎合读者的需求，因此本题应选 D。虽然第 4段表明在故事里使用什么语句由作
48、者自己决定，但这并不意味着他的写作是为了满足自己，可见 A不正确：第 5段第 1句提到了 magazine和 website等与 media有关的词，但句中的 thus 表明这些并不是作者首要关心的东西，读者才是他最关心的，因此 C不能选。 B无原文依据。 【知识模块】 阅读 3 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 倒数第 2段末句可以理解为：如果某些客户认为，作者不将 客户提供的材料写在故事里是因为他们没 (在作者所在的杂志 )做广告的话，作者是不会去访问这些客户的。也就是说，作者不希望客户因为遭到拒绝而联想到是因为他们没有做广告。因此，本题应选 C。 【知识模块】 阅读 【知识模块】 阅读 4
49、 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 第 2段第 2句中 found的宾语从句表明 poorly chosen words会使称赞的话变得具有破坏性， poorly chosen与 A中的 casually chosen同义，因此 A为本题答案。本题最具干扰性的只有 B。 B来自第 2段最后 一句的 heavy use of praise，但该句中的 advocate表明行为学家是赞成 heavy use of praise的，虽然他们也认为 heavy use of praise未必能起作用，但他们并没有认为 heavy use of praise是具有破坏性的，因此 B是不正确的。 【知识模块】 阅读 5 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 根据题干中的 Roy F Baumeister定位到第 4段第 3-5句。从原文该部分中的 choke， gave up easily等词可以推断 Roy F Baumeister认为过多的称赞会使人变得容易放弃，也就是 B所说的 “缺乏毅力 ”。 【知识模块】 阅读 【知识模块】 阅读 6 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 从原文前 5段的内容
