1、北京大学考博英语模拟试卷 10及答案与解析 一、 Structure and Vocabulary 1 Police believe that many burglars are amateurs who would flee if an alarm sounded or lights_. （ A） came out （ B） came to （ C） came on （ D） came in 2 He had a clear _ of what was wrong with the machine and fixed it in a short time. （ A） debris （ B）
2、deficiency （ C） perception （ D） persecution 3 Your wish to go for a walk does not _ your leaving the baby alone in the house. （ A） rectify （ B） notify （ C） signify （ D） justify 4 The chief function of most systems of exchange control is to prevent or redress an adverse balance of payments by limitin
3、g foreign-exchange purchases to an amount not in excess of foreign-exchange receipts. （ A） eliminate （ B） remedy （ C） evade （ D） decrease 5 leaving for work in plenty of time to catch the train will _ worry about being late. （ A） rule off （ B） prevent （ C） avoid （ D） obviate 6 Anthropology is a scie
4、nce_anthropologists use a rigorous set of methods and techniques to document observations that can be checked by others. （ A） in that （ B） that in （ C） that （ D） in 7 People who like to wear red clothes are more likely to be talkative and _. （ A） lucrative （ B） introverted （ C） vivacious （ D） perilo
5、us 8 He swallows his words so much that I can never_what he is saying. （ A） make out （ B） put up （ C） deal with （ D） take up 9 In the present economic_we can make even greater progress than previously. （ A） air （ B） mood （ C） area （ D） climate 10 Research discovered that plants infected with a virus
6、 give off a gas that_ disease resistance in neighboring plants. （ A） contracts （ B） activates （ C） maintains （ D） prescribes 11 In describing Captain Sentrys failure to advance the author is _. （ A） factual （ B） obsequious （ C） sarcastic （ D） gallant 12 When he lived in Tibet in the 1950s, radio was
7、 the only means he had to keep _ of current events in the country. （ A） response （ B） track （ C） record （ D） trace 13 Although this book claims to be a biography of George Washington, many of the incidents are imaginary. （ A） fascinating （ B） factitious （ C） fastidious （ D） fictitious 14 A young man
8、 sees a sunset and unable to understand or express the emotion that it _ in him, concludes that it must be the gateway to a world that lies beyond. （ A） reflects （ B） retains （ C） rouses （ D） radiates 15 Some Heads of Government now fear that negotiations will _ before a settlement is reached. （ A）
9、wear out （ B） come along （ C） break off （ D） end up 16 The school authority against students smoking both in the classrooms and at home. （ A） resolved （ B） determined （ C） banned （ D） prohibited 17 In Action Painting, the paint is sometimes _ onto the canvas. （ A） trickled （ B） trampled （ C） stroked
10、 （ D） soaked 18 Their issuance for psychologists will impact not only on the role of current practitioners, but on the training and justifying of future _, as well as the function and public image of the profession. （ A） one （ B） ones （ C） case （ D） cases 19 When he lost his jobs he tried to _ his f
11、ortunes by robbing a bank. （ A） revive （ B） retrieve （ C） rectify （ D） recycle 20 If you can convince the interviewer of your special qualifications, your chance of being accepted will be greatly enhanced. （ A） appreciated （ B） encouraged （ C） frustrated （ D） increased 21 Since it is too late to cha
12、nge my mind, I am _ to carrying out the plan. （ A） committed （ B） obliged （ C） engaged （ D） resolved 22 Away from their profession, scientists are inherently no more honest or _ than other people. （ A） ethical （ B） moderate （ C） civilized （ D） liberal 23 The decision will give renewed _ to the econo
13、mic regeneration of backward regions. （ A） index （ B） impulse （ C） impact （ D） impetus 24 Some birds_when they look for animals to kill on the ground. （ A） hosed （ B） rolled （ C） hoverer （ D） revolve 25 A man who could _ such treatment was a man of remarkable physical courage and moral strength. （ A
14、） bear upon （ B） stand up to （ C） insist on （ D） persist in 26 There is_conflicting information on how much iron women need in their diet. （ A） so much （ B） so many （ C） too few （ D） a few 27 Although we had been present at roughly the same time, Mr. Brown say the situation quite different from the
15、way I saw it. （ A） Although （ B） at （ C） different （ D） the way 28 The little girl is ignorant_the basic rules of English grammar. （ A） for （ B） of （ C） with （ D） against 29 _active in commerce or the professions, most of the wealthy were not self-made, but had inherited family fortunes. （ A） Except
16、 for （ B） Despite （ C） As （ D） Though 30 It is ironic that the _ insights of the great thinkers are voiced so often that they have become mere （ A） original.cliches （ B） banal.beliefs （ C） dubious.habits （ D） philosophical.questions 二、 Cloze 30 In Microsofts latest attempt to reach out to bloggers,
17、the company recently gave away expensive laptops loaded【 C1】 _its new Windows Vista operating system. But the gifts generated controversy as well as good【 C2】 _.with some bloggers accusing Microsoft of bribery and their peers【 C3】 _ unethical behavior. Several bloggers reported last week that they h
18、ad received Acer Ferrari laptops, which can sell【 C4】 more than $ 2,200, from Microsoft. A spokeswoman for Microsoft confirmed Friday that the【 C5】 _had sent out about 90 computers to bloggers【 C6】 _wrote about technology and other subjects that could be【 C7】 _by the new operating system, like photo
19、graphy and, oddly, parenting. But while those on Microsofts mailing list initially greeted the machines with enthusiasm, many【 C8】 bloggers soon objected-not because they had been left off the list but, they said, because bloggers are bound by the【 C9】 _rules as traditional journalists, who should n
20、ot accept【 C10】 _gifts from companies they cover. 31 【 C1】 32 【 C2】 33 【 C3】 34 【 C4】 35 【 C5】 36 【 C6】 37 【 C7】 38 【 C8】 39 【 C9】 40 【 C10】 40 In the United States and in many【 51】 countries around the world, there are four main ways for people to be informed【 52】 developments in the news: Newspape
21、rs, magazines, and【 53】 or television news broadcasts. A person may use one, or all, of these【 54】 for information. Each source is useful in its own way. Newspapers and magazines can give much【 55】 about a particular event. They may provide some history of the event, some of its causes, some of its
22、effects, or perhaps give an opinion or point of view on a particular development. Radio and television can help a person to be well-informed about what is【 56】 each day. It is also possible to listen to the radio or【 57】TV and do something【 58】 at the same time. Many people can listen to the news【 5
23、9】their car radio while【 60】 somewhere. For the student of English【 61】 a foreign language, an English language newspaper may be the most helpful news source【 62】will also give you practice in reading English. Most daily English language newspapers are not very hard to read. They are interesting and
24、 helpful in many ways. In some of them, you may be able to find news about your native country. You will find news, and information about important national and international political developments. No matter what you are interested in, you can probably find something in the newspaper about it. A st
25、ory in the newspaper may help you【 63】 a problem. Other stories may be about good movies, concerts, or TV shows. Usually, an English language newspaper has several sections or parts. Each part of the newspaper【 64】 stories about different kinds of news. Some sections have a lot of advertisements whi
26、ch may be helpful if you want to save money. By reading the【 65】 , you may find something you want on sale. Or you may find that two stores are advertising the same thing, but at one store the【 66】 is lower. Other sections may have fewer advertisements or have only a specific type of advertisement t
27、o interest the people who read that section of the paper. The first section of the paper usually has the most important【 67】 in it. Important【 68】 in national and international government and politics will be mentioned in the first section, and usually【 69】 the first page. Other news that is importa
28、nt to the people【 70】 read the paper will also be in the first section. For example, The New York Times usually has stories about national and international news on the first page. There and on the other pages of the first section, the Times also has news about New York City and other nearby areas.
29、This local news is important to many people who read The New York Times. 61 【 C3】 （ A） fly （ B） be flied （ C） flying （ D） flied 61 A child who has once been pleased with tale likes, as a rule, to have it retold in identically the same words, but this should not led parents to treat printed fairy sto
30、ries as sacred texts. It is always much better to tell a story than read it【 41】 of a book, and, if a parent can produce【 42】 in the actual circumstances of the time and the individual child, is an improvement on the printed text, so much the better. A charge made against fairy tales is that they ha
31、rm the child by frightening him or arousing his sadistic impulses. To prove the【 43】 , one would have to show in a controlled experiment that children who have read fairy stories were more often guilty of cruelty than those who had not. Aggressive, destructive, sadistic impulses every child has and,
32、【 44】 the whole, their symbolic verbal discharge deems to be rather a safety valve than an incitement to overt action. As to fears, there are, I think, well-authenticated cases of children【 45】 dangerously terrified by some fairy story. Often, however, this arises from the child having heard the sto
33、ry once. Familiarity with the story by repetition turns the pain of fear【 46】 the pleasure of a fear face and mastered. There are also people who object to fairy stories on the grounds【 47】 they are not objectively true, that giants, witches, two-headed dragons, magic carpets, etc, do not exist, and
34、 that, instead of indulging, his fantasies【 48】 fairy tales, the child should be taught how to adapt to reality by studying history and mechanics. I find such people, I must confess, so unsympathetic and peculiar that I do not know how to argue with them. If their cases【 49】 sound there should be fu
35、ll of madmen attempting to fly from New York to Philadelphia on broomstick【 50】 covering a telephone with kissed in the belief that it was their enchanted girl- friend. No fairy story ever claimed to be a description of the external world and no such child ever believed that it was. 72 【 C3】 （ A） be
36、cause of （ B） since （ C） because （ D） thanks to 72 It is appropriate on an anniversary of the founding of a university to remind ourselves of its purposes. It is equally appropriate at such time for students to 【 C1】_ why they have been chosen to attend and to consider how they can best 【 C2】_ the p
37、rivilege of attending. At the least you as students can hope to become 【 C3】 _ in subject matter which may be useful to you in later life. There is, 【 C4】 _, much more to be gained. It is now that you must learn to exercise your mind sufficiently 【 C5】 _ learning becomes a joy and you thereby become
38、 a student for life. 【 C6】 _ this may require an effort of will and a period of self-discipline. Certainly it is not 【 C7】 _ without hard work. Teacher scan guide and encourage you, but lemming is not done passively. To learn is your 【 C8】 _. There is 【 C9】 _ the trained mind satisfaction to be deri
39、ved from exploring the ideas of others, mastering them and evaluating them. But there is 【 C10】 _ level of inquiry which I hope that some of you will choose. If your study takes you to the 【 C11】 _ of understanding of a subject and, you have reached so far, you find that you can penetrate to 【 C12】
40、_ no one has been before, you research. Commitment to a life of scholarship or research is 【 C13】 _ many other laudable goals. It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even 【 C14】 _ other facets of life prove disappointing. I strongly 【 C15】 _ it. 73 【 C1】 _ （ A） count （ B） reflect （
41、 C） depend （ D） comment 74 【 C2】 _ （ A） benefit from （ B） take over （ C） apply for （ D） go through 75 【 C3】 _ （ A） efficient （ B） excellent （ C） professional （ D） proficient 76 【 C4】 _ （ A） however （ B） therefore （ C） indeed （ D） after all 77 【 C5】 _ （ A） if （ B） because （ C） so that （ D） before 78
42、【 C6】 _ （ A） Of late （ B） Consequently （ C） Afterwards （ D） At first 79 【 C7】 _ （ A） acquired （ B） accomplished （ C） approached （ D） assured 80 【 C8】 _ （ A） ambition （ B） conscience （ C） responsibility （ D） challenge 81 【 C9】 _ （ A） to （ B） on （ C） in （ D） by 82 【 C10】 _ （ A） any （ B） one （ C） anoth
43、er （ D） no 83 【 C11】 _ （ A） ends （ B） limits （ C） borders （ D） edges 84 【 C12】 _ （ A） elsewhere （ B） what （ C） whichever （ D） where 85 【 C13】 _ （ A） compatible with （ B） responsible for （ C） followed by （ D） relevant to 86 【 C14】 _ （ A） shall （ B） will （ C） would （ D） should 87 【 C15】 _ （ A） declare
44、 （ B） recommend （ C） advise （ D） contend 三、 Reading Comprehension 87 Justice in society must include both a fair trial to the accused and the selection of an appropriate punishment for those proven guilty. Because justice is regarded as one form of equality, we find in its earlier expression the ide
45、a of a punishment equal to the crime. Recorded in the Bible is the expression “an eye for an eye, and a tooth for a tooth.“ That is, the individual who has done wrong has committed an offense against society. To make repayment for this offense, society must get equally balanced, which can be done on
46、ly by imposing an equal injury upon him. This conception of deserved-punishment justice is reflected in many parts of the legal codes and procedures of modem times, which is illustrated when we demand the death penalty for a person who has committed murder. This philosophy of punishment was supporte
47、d by the German idealist Hegel, who believed that society owed it to the criminal to put into operation a punishment equal to the crime he had committed. The criminal had by his own actions denied his true self and it is necessary to do something that will eliminate this denial and restore the self
48、that has been denied. To the murderer nothing less than giving up his life will pay his debt. The demand for the death penalty is a right the state owes the criminal and it should not deny him what he deserves. Modern jurists have tried to replace deserved-punishment justice with the notion of corrective justice. The aim of the latter is not to abandon the concept of equality but to find a more adequate way to express it. It tries to preserve the idea of equal opportunity for each individual to realize, the best that is in him. This does not mean that criminals will escape p
