1、口译二级实务模拟试卷 27及答案与解析 一、 PART 1 English-Chinese Translation (50 points, 30 minutes) Interpret the following passages from English into Chinese. Start interpreting at the signal and stop it at the signal. You may take notes while you are listening. You will hear the passages only ONCE. Now lets begin.
2、二、 PART 2 Chinese-English Translation (50 points, 30 minutes) Interpret the following passages from Chinese into English. Start interpreting at the signal and stop it at the signal. You may take notes while you are listening. You will hear the passages only ONCE. Now lets begin. 口译二级实务模拟试卷 27答案与解析 一
3、、 PART 1 English-Chinese Translation (50 points, 30 minutes) Interpret the following passages from English into Chinese. Start interpreting at the signal and stop it at the signal. You may take notes while you are listening. You will hear the passages only ONCE. Now lets begin. 1 【听力原文】 下面你将听到的是一段有关
4、美国银行在亚洲拓展金融业务的讲话。 If you thought multimedia was something to be enjoyed in the privacy of your home, think again. Banks are on the frontier of the “information superhighway“ because they spend more on the technology than any other type of civilian business. Take the case of J.P.Morgan, Americas four
5、th largest bank by assets. It has developed a system whereby deals and documents can be finalized quickly on the computer screen with the help of an electronic pen. Its securities analysts in London and traders in Tokyo can talk to each other via the same screen. And clients trust can be built up, a
6、nd deals completed, faster than via a telephone line which carries no pictures. The new electronic gizmos are currently being introduced into Morgans trading departments in New York, but eventually they will be used around the world-Aisa included. They make it economically possible to establish smal
7、l dealing rooms in capitals such as Kuala Lumpur and Bangkok, while concentrating Morgans expensive back-office functions in Singapore. Morgans pioneering effort illustrates how United States banks are using high technology and large amounts of capital to lever their way into Asian markets. Rivals i
8、n Europe and Japan are doing so too, but they do not have the same access to the vast pool of saving available to American banks. US Pension Fund assets, for example, total US $4. 4 trillion, more than three times the size of Japans. US institutions are in the best position to act as a bridge betwee
9、n the growing capital demands of Asia and the supply of investment from the rest of the world. The bridge, of course, could wobble badly, as it did in the Latin American debt crisis of the 1980s, but this is hard to imagine in the 1990s when the economic fundamentals in Asia look so favorable. It to
10、ok American banks almost a decade to emerge from the Latin American rubble, but they are now formidable competitor. They have written off nonperforming loans and cut payrolls far more boldly than their Japanese counterparts, which are still dogged by soured loans to spendthrift property speculators
11、in Japan. The US commercial banks toughest rivals in Asian cross-border business are more likely to be their investment-bank compatriots rather than the Japanese, and the capital markets of Asia, as elsewhere, will be their battleground. The big five US banks Citibank, Bank of America, Chemical, Mor
12、gan and Chase Manhattan, enjoy the advantage of being big. Compared with firms such as Salomon Brothers and Goldman Sachs, the big five are bigger in most senses of the word. They have more capital, more staff and more branches worldwide through which to distribute corporate issues. What remains to
13、be seen is whether they have trading and deal-making ability to compete with investment banks. 1 【正确答案】 如果你认为多媒体只是可以在家中单独享用的东西，你应该再想一想。银行处在 “信息高速公路 ”的前沿，因为它们对这种技术比任何其他类型的民用企业投资更多。 以资产在美国银行中排列第四的摩根公司为例。它开发了一种系统，借助一支电子笔就能在计算机屏幕上快速完成交易和文件。公司在伦敦的证券分析员以及在东京的交易商可以通过同一屏幕进行交谈。建立客户信用、成交都比通过电话线路要快，何况电话还无法传送图像
14、。 这种电子新玩意儿，目前正被引入到摩根公司在纽约的交易所采用，最终会在包括亚洲在内的全球范围内使用。这样一来，就可以在吉隆坡和曼谷等首都建立较经济的小型交易室，而把摩根公司开销大的事务部门集中在新加坡。 摩根公司开拓性的举措表明，美国银行正在利用 高科技和大量资金来打开亚洲市场。 欧洲和日本的竞争对手们也在这么干，但它们不像美国银行那样，能够得到大量的储蓄资金。例如，美国养老基金资产总计达四万四千亿美元，是日本的三倍多。 美国机构在亚洲日益增长的资金需求和世界其他地区可提供的资金之间充当桥梁最为合适。当然，这座桥梁也可能摇晃，就像二十世纪八十年代拉美债务危机发生时那样，但在二十世纪九十年代亚
15、洲经济基本条件如此良好的情况下，难以想象这种类似事情还会发生。 美国银行花了近十年的时间才从拉丁美洲的窘境中逃脱出来，但它们现在已经成为强 大的竞争者。它们处理了坏账，削减员工，做得比日本同行们更大胆。日本银行因无法从挥金如土的房地产投机商那儿收回贷款而陷入了困境。 美国商业银行在亚洲跨境业务中最棘手的竞争对手很可能不是日本人，而是它们本国投资银行的同胞。亚洲的资本市场，像其他地方一样，将成为他们争夺的战场。 美国最大的五家银行 花旗银行、美洲银行、美华银行、摩根银行、大同银行，其优势在于庞大。与所罗门兄弟公司和高盛公司这样的企业相比，五大银行在许多方面确确实实要比他们大：他们拥有更多的资本，
16、更庞大的员工队伍，在世界上有更多的 分行，并可以通过这些分行销售公司证券。 拭目以待的是它们是否有很强的交易能力来与投资银行竞争。 【试题解析】 本文是一段有关美国银行在亚洲拓展金融业务的讲话。文中主要以摩根公司为例，讲述了美国银行利用高科技、大量资本和庞大的员工队伍与亚洲对手，主要是日本，展开竞争，开拓亚洲市场。 本文要求应试者了解世界银行业的发展，掌握一定的银行业专门词汇和表达方式，这有赖于应试者平时的知识积累，是翻译的基本要求。此外，应试者还需要在短时间内，对长难句进行正确的理解、分析、简化或切分，把握好两 种语言各自特色，完成双语间的转换；对于一些较为生僻的短语和表达法，不能死译、硬译
17、，而应该充分联系上下文灵活变通，使译文通顺流畅。 2 【听力原文】 下面你将听到的是一段有关气候变化的讲话。 The evidence that the Earths atmosphere is warming continues to accumulate. A big issue is thus raised concerning the extent to which the warming is due to human activity and natural causes. Climate change scientists are looking for the answer.
18、Following the periodic full-scale scientific assessments of global climate change, they have concluded that there is a “discernible human influence“ on the global climate. Although a reliable estimate of the magnitude of human imprint on climate still remains some distance off, human activities may
19、have been the dominant factor in the global warming of recent decades. Human factors appear to be playing a part, stemming mostly from emissions of waste industrial gases like carbon dioxide, which trap heat in the atmosphere, and sulfate aerosols from industrial smokestacks. Will the climate change
20、 lead to the earths eventual extinction? We have no definite answer yet, at least not likely as far as our knowledge goes. The earth experienced a catastrophic extinction about 250 million years ago. In the space of a few thousand years, something terrible happened to our planet, something that wipe
21、d out 90% of earths ocean species and about 70% of those that lived on land. It was the worst extinction in the history of the earth, known as the Great Dying. It eliminated whole communities of coral reefs, forests, giant amphibians and ferocious reptiles, swarms of insects and the oceans ubiquitou
22、s triobites, those hard-shelled invertebrates that were never seen on the planet again. What caused that extinction? Any number of scenarios has been offered, ranging from the explosion of a nearby star to Ice Age cooling and greenhouse warming. None of them were entirely convincing. We tend to acce
23、pt the most recent conclusion that the extinction was caused by the impact of an asteroid or comet or meteor, like the one that probably wiped out the dinosaurs 65 million years ago. In each case the damage would have been done not by the explosive collision itself but by the series of global disast
24、ers it triggered, for example, furious volcanic eruptions, a rapid heating of the atmosphere and the depletion of life-giving oxygen from the ocean. We cant say exactly where this out-space visitor struck because the tectonic processes that rearrange the earth surface have since churned up most of t
25、he evidence. But we can estimate its size. It probably measured roughly half the size of the island of Manhattan and it would have slammed into the earth with the force of a magnitude-12 earthquake. Of course, this does not give us an excuse to underestimate the destruction that human harmful activi
26、ties have brought to the earths climate change. We must realize that we are living the way beyond the limits of the capacity of this planet to sustain. There is almost nothing that we do that will not compromise the ability of humans to meet their needs in the future. Life ought to be enjoyable. But
27、 our destructive ways of life have serious consequences: new human diseases, strange animal and plant diseases, bizarre natural disasters, food shortages, etc. We must act now and channel our way of life in a healthy, sustainable direction. 2 【正确答案】 地球大气层正在转暖，这种迹象日趋明显，这向人们提出了一个重大问题，即地球变暖在多大程度上应归咎于人类
28、活动，又在多大程度上是自然原因造成的 ?气候变化科学家们正在寻求答案。经过对全球气候变化的全方位定期科学评估，科学家们断定全球气候受到了 “显而易见的人为影响 ”。 虽然准确评价人类对气候的影响程度尚有待时日，人类活动可能是近几十年来全球变暖的主要因素。人为因素在发生作用，这种人为作用主要来自二氧化碳等工业废气，这些废气将热量阻挡在大气层内，此外还有从工业烟囱中排出的硫酸盐悬浮微粒 。 气候变化会不会导致地球的最终毁灭呢 ?我们没有确切的答案，至少就我们目前所了解的情况来看，可能性不大。 大约两亿五千万年前，地球曾经经历过一次灾难性的大毁灭。在几千年的时间里，可怕的事情降临到了我们的星球，地球
29、上 90的海洋物种以及大约 70的陆地物种被完全消灭。 这是地球历史上最严重的毁灭，被称之为 “生物大灭绝 ”。整个珊瑚礁群落、森林、巨型两栖动物及凶猛的爬行动物，大批的昆虫、遍布海洋中的三叶虫，那种从此再也没有在地球上出现过的硬甲壳无脊椎动物，都在这次大毁灭中被尽数消灭。 是什么导致了这次灭绝 ?人们提出了许多假想，诸如地球附近星球爆炸、冰期严寒以及温室效应等，但是任何一个假想都不能完全使人信服。 我们倾向接受这样一种最新结论：大毁灭归咎于一个小行星或彗星或流星对地球的撞击，其情形与 6500万年前所发生的、可能致使恐龙灭绝的那次毁灭一样。无论是哪种情况，破坏都不是来自于爆炸性的碰撞本身，而
30、是来自于它所引起的一系列全球性的灾难，例如猛烈的火山喷发、大气的急剧升温以及海洋中维持生命的氧气的枯竭。 我们无法说出这颗星撞击地球的确切地点，因为地球板块在其长期对地表作 用过程中已经毁损了大部分的证据。但是我们能够估计出地球表面撞击点的大小，其直径可能为曼哈顿岛的一半，并以 12级地震的力量撞击地球。 当然，我们决不能低估人类不良活动给地球的气候变化造成的破坏。我们必须意识到，人类的生活远远超出了地球所能承受的能力。目前我们所做的一切几乎都会危及到人类未来的生存质量。 生活应该是令人愉快的。而我们破坏性的生活方式造成了严重的后果：人类的新疾病、植物和动物的怪病、怪异的自然灾害、食物短缺等等
31、。我们必须立即采取行动，将我们的生活方式引向健康的、可持续性发展的方向。 【试题解析】 本文是一段有关气候变化的讲话。文中主要介绍了地球大气层变暖以及由此产生的全球气候变化。本文力图从历史的角度探讨全球气候变化的原因，诸如星球爆炸、冰期严寒、温室效应等，同时也关注人类活动对全球气候的影响。 本文要求应试者掌握一定的地理学常识，尤其是对气候变化有一定的了解，熟悉相关的专有词汇和表达方式，这依赖于应试者平时的知识积累，是翻译的基本要求。此外，应试者还需要在短时间内，对长难句进行正确的理解、分析、简化或切分，把握好两种语言各自特色，完成双语间的转换；对于一些较为 生僻的短语和表达法，不能死译、硬译，
32、而应该充分联系上下文灵活变通，使译文通顺流畅。 二、 PART 2 Chinese-English Translation (50 points, 30 minutes) Interpret the following passages from Chinese into English. Start interpreting at the signal and stop it at the signal. You may take notes while you are listening. You will hear the passages only ONCE. Now lets beg
33、in. 3 【听力原文】 下面你将听到的是一位中国官员在世界经济论坛年会上的一段讲话。 主席先生， 女士们、先生们： 目前，国际形势正处于深刻变化之中。和平与发展仍然是当今时代的主题，总体和平的国际环境为世界经济发展提供了有利条件；科技进步日新月异并孕育着新的重大突破，前所未有地提高了人类认识、把握宏观和微观世界的能力，展现了新的发展前景；经济全球化趋势正在向新的广度和 深度演进，国际生产要素流动和产业转移加快，大大拓展了国际经济技术合作，促进了商品和资源在全球范围内的流动与优化配置。同时要看到，当今世界也存在一些不利于和平与发展的因素。局部战争和冲突仍时有爆发，恐怖主义、武器扩散、疾病传播等
34、非传统安全问题日益突出；重大自然灾害给人类的生存与发展带来了巨大威胁；南北发展差距进一步拉大，新的贸易壁垒和保护主义不断出现；能源、资源消耗大幅度增长，生态破坏和环境恶化问题严重。 中国坚决支持并积极参与国际经济社会发展合作，呼吁国际社会在以下几个方面作出不懈努力： 第 一，继续扩大经济技术等领域的国际合作。加强资金、先进技术、管理经验和人才资源等领域的国际交流合作，有利于各国相互学习和借鉴发展经验，发挥各自优势，优化全球资源配置，对推动各国经济发展具有重要意义。世界各国和地区应进一步相互开放市场，放开技术出口限制，继续推进贸易和投资自由化和便利化，消除各种贸易壁垒。国际社会还应该携起手来，共
35、同应对来自安全、自然灾害等领域的挑战。 第二，构建资源节约型和循环经济发展模式。人类发展的历史经验表明，以资源浪费、环境破坏为代价换取一时的发展，人类必将受到严厉惩罚，最终也会 危及发展本身。为了我们的美好家园，为了我们的子孙后代，我们应该走科技含量高、经济效益好、资源消耗低、环境污染少的发展道路。要提倡绿色生产方式、生活方式和消费方式，构建资源节约型国民经济体系和资源节约型社会。要根据自然的承载能力规划经济社会发展，同时要积极开展生态环境保护和建设，坚决禁止各种掠夺自然、破坏自然的做法。 第三，努力建立公正合理的国际经济新秩序。应加强多边、双边贸易合作，积极推进区域经济合作。推动多哈回合贸易
36、谈判取得进展，实现 “发展回合 ”的目标。要继续在平等基础上推进南北对话，充分考虑发展 中国家的利益，尊重世界的多样性，提倡国际关系民主化和发展模式多样化，使各国特别是发展中国家从经济全球化中受益。要推动国际经济、贸易和金融体制的改革，创造更好的国际经济环境。 第四，积极帮助发展中国家加快发展步伐。帮助发展中国家提高发展水平，尽快缩小日益拉大的南北发展差距，既是国际社会的责任，也是推动世界经济持续发展的必然要求。发展中国家对自身发展负有主要责任。发达国家应切实承担和履行应尽的义务，切实减免发展中国家的债务，增加不附加任何条件的官方援助；应帮助发展中国家加强人才资源开发，增强科技创新能力 ，挖掘
37、国内市场潜力，使发展中国家形成自我发展能力；应采取有效措施，减少经济全球化可能给发展中国家带来的风险，努力实现共同发展、共同繁荣。 3 【正确答案】 Mr. President, Ladies and Gentlemen, Our world is undergoing profound changes. Peace and development remain the theme of our times. A generally peaceful international environment provides favorable conditions for the worlds e
38、conomic development. The rapidly advancing science and technology and emerging new breakthroughs have expanded the horizon of mankind and their ability to solve the micro and macro problems of the world, presenting a new vista for development. Deepening economic globalization is accelerating the glo
39、bal movement of productive factors and industrial relocation, stimulating international economic and technical cooperation and facilitating the global flow of goods and resources as well as their rational distribution. At the same time, factors unfavorable for peace and development still exist. Regi
40、onal wars and conflicts keep cropping up. Terrorism, arms proliferation, epidemics and other non-traditional security issues have become more acute. Devastating natural disasters pose a grave threat to the survival and development of mankind. The disparity between the North and the South grows furth
41、er, worsened by new trade barriers and protectionism. Energy and other resources consumption is rising sharply, with serious ecological and environmental deterioration. China strongly supports and actively participates in international cooperation for economic and social development, and appeals to
42、the international community for unremitting efforts in the following aspects: First, continuing to enhance international cooperation in the economic, technological and other fields. More exchanges and cooperation in capital, advanced technology, managerial expertise, human resources and other areas
43、are of great significance to promote the economic development of all countries. The exchanges and cooperation help them learn from one another, share experience, bring their advantages into play and optimize the allocation of global resources. All countries and regions should further open their mark
44、ets, lift restrictions on export of technologies, continue to advance trade liberalization and facilitate investment and remove various trade barriers. The international community should join hands to cope with security, natural disasters and other challenges. Second, establishing a resource conserv
45、ing and circular economy. The history of human development shows that development at the expense of resources and the environment would end up with punishment of mankind and impediment to development. For the sake of a better world and our future generations, we should choose a road to development d
46、riven by science and technology, that is economically viable, resource-conserving and environmentally friendly. We should encourage sustainable production, livelihood and consumption to build a resource-conserving economy and society. We should formulate plans for economic and social development bas
47、ed on the sustainability of nature while endeavoring to protect the ecological environment by prohibiting activities to plunder and destroy nature. Third, working to establish a just, equitable new international economic order. It is necessary to strengthen multilateral and bilateral cooperation in
48、trade and promote regional economic cooperation. We will work for progress in the Doha round of trade negotiations and attain its objective as a “ round for development“. North-South dialogue should be promoted on the basis of equality. The interests of developing countries should be taken into full
49、 account. Diversity should be respected, and democracy in international relations and diverse development models upheld, so that all countries, developing countries in particular, can benefit from economic globalization. To create a better international environment, we will promote reform of international economic, trade and financial systems. Fourth, taking the initiative to help developing countries speed up their development. It is the responsibility of the international community and the requirement of sustained development of the world economy to help de
