1、口译二级实务金融贸易练习试卷 4及答案与解析 一、 PART 2 Chinese-English Translation (50 points, 30 minutes) Interpret the following passages from Chinese into English. Start interpreting at the signal and stop it at the signal. You may take notes while you are listening. You will hear the passages only ONCE. Now lets begi
2、n. 1 当前，国际金融危机已从局部发展到全球，从发达国家传导到新兴市场国家，从金融领域扩散到实体经济领域，给世界各国经济发展和人民生活带来严重影响。值此关键时刻，我们在这里共同探讨维护国际金融稳定、促进世界经济增长的举措，具有十分重要的意义。 / 我们正在经历的这场国际金融危机，波及范围之广、影响程度之深、冲击强度之大，为上个世纪 30年代以来所罕见。造成这场金融危机的原因是多方面的，既有经济体宏观 经济政策不当的原因，也有金融监管缺失的原因。对此如果没有正确认识，就难以吸取教训、避免今后发生同样的危机。 /这场金融危机发生后，国际社会立即行动起来，在不同层面采取了一系列应对措施。我们希望这
3、些措施尽快取得预期效果。为了有效应对这场金融危机，世界各国应该增强信心、加强协调、密切合作。 / 国际社会的当务之急是继续采取一切必要措施，尽快恢复市场信心，遏制金融危机扩散和蔓延 主要发达经济体应该承担应尽的责任和义务，实施有利于本国和世界经济金融稳定和发展的宏观经济政策，积极稳定自身和国际金融市场，维护 投资者利益。同时，各国应该加强宏观经济政策协调，扩大经济金融信息交流，深化国际金融监管合作，为稳定各国和国际金融市场创造必要条件。 / 当前，世界经济增长放缓，不稳定不确定因素增加，形势严峻复杂。保持经济增长是应对金融危机的重要基础。各国应该调整宏观经济政策，通过必要的财政、货币手段，积极
4、促进经济增长，避免发生全球性经济衰退。应该共同采取措施稳定国际能源、粮食市场，遏制投机行为，为世界经济发展创造良好条件。国际社会尤其应该防止各种形式的贸易和投资保护主义，努力推动多哈回合谈判早日取得积极进展。 / 国际社会应该认真总结这场金融危机的教训，在所有利益攸关方充分协商的基础上，对国际金融体系进行必要的改革。国际金融体系改革，应该坚持建立公平、公正、包容、有序的国际金融新秩序的方向，努力营造有利于全球经济健康发展的制度环境。 /国际金融体系改革，应该坚持全面性、均衡性、渐进性、实效性的原则。全面性，就是要总体设计，既要完善国际金融体系、货币体系、金融组织，又要完善国际金融规则和秩序，既
5、要反映金融监管的普遍规律和原则，又要考虑不同经济体的发展阶段和特征。 /均衡性，就是要统筹兼顾，平衡体现各方利益，形成各方更广泛有效参与的决策和管理机制，尤其要体现新兴市场国家和发展中国家利益。渐进性，就是要循序渐进，在保持国际金融市场稳定的前提下，先易后难，分阶段实施，通过持续不断努力最终达到改革目标。实效性，就是要讲求效果，所有改革举措应该有利于维护国际金融稳定、促进世界经济发展，有利于增进世界各国人民福祉。 / 根据以上考虑，我们主张重点实施以下改革举措。一是加强国际金融监管合作，完善国际监管体系。二是推动国际金融组织改革，提高发展中国家在国际金融组织中的代表性和发言权。三是鼓励区域金融
6、合作，充分发挥地区资金 救助机制作用。四是改善国际货币体系，稳步推进国际货币体系多元化。 / (节选自胡锦涛在金融市场和世界经济峰会上的讲话， 2008年 11月 16日，美国华盛顿 ) 2 中国与东盟国家，山水相连，唇齿相依。引以为豪的是，我们拥有上千年的传统友谊和贸易往来的悠久历史。令人欣喜的是，我们今天相互首选对方，组建经济共同体 中国 东盟自由贸易区。中国与东盟的经贸关系历史上从来没有像今天这么密切、这么活跃，已步入了黄金时期。而这一关系的发展已经证明并将进一步证明，它是双方共同需要的体现，它惠及东亚经济乃至 于世界经济的增长。 / 近十五年来，中国与东盟贸易额大幅增长，其贸易额在各自
7、对外贸易总额中的比重不断提升，双向投资迅速增加，中国在东盟国家的工程承包越来越多。 / 1双方贸易增幅大，中国海关统计数据显示， 1978年，中国与东盟贸易额仅为8.59亿美元。至 1991年增长为 79.6亿美元，十三年间增长了 8倍。而近十五年间，从 1991年至 2005年，中国与东盟贸易额从 79.6亿美元增长到 1303.7亿美元，增长了 15倍，年均增长率高达 20%，这一增长率超过了同期中国和东盟各自的对外贸易增长率。 2006年上半年较上年同期，中国与东盟贸易额增长了21.68%，达 727亿美元。 / 2中国由贸易顺差转为贸易逆差，贸易结构不断优化。 1991年，中国与东盟贸
8、易额占中国对外贸易额的 5.9%。近十多年，中国对外贸易额从 1991年的 1357亿美元增长到 2005年的 14221亿美元，增长了 9倍，中国与东盟贸易额占中国对外贸易额的比重上升为 2005年的 9.2% / 2005年，在东盟的对外贸易中，中国排第四位；在中国的对外贸易中，东盟处第五位按国别来看，中国是越南的第一大贸易伙伴，是缅甸的第二 大贸易伙伴，是新加坡、泰国、菲律宾的第三大贸易伙伴，是马来西亚、印尼、柬埔寨的第四大贸易伙伴，是老挝的第五大贸易伙伴 在中国对外贸易中的前十大贸易伙伴中，新加坡是中国第七大贸易伙伴，马来西亚是中国第八大贸易伙伴。 / 1991年，中国自东盟进口 38
9、.2亿美元，而 2005年则高达 750亿美元，增长了近19倍，东盟成为中国第三大进口来源地。 1991年，中国向东盟出口 41.4亿美元，而 2005年则高达 553.7亿美元，增长了 12倍。 1991年，中国与东盟贸易额中，中国顺差 3.2亿美元，而 2005年中 国逆差 196.3亿美元。 1991年，中国与东盟贸易产品中，以初级产品、轻纺产品为主，发展到 2005年则以工业制成品为主，其中机电产品名列榜首。 / (选自中国 东盟商务理事会常务副秘书长许宁宁在中国 东盟高层论坛上题为“中国与东盟：近十五年经贸合作综述 ”的讲话 ) 口译二级实务金融贸易练习试卷 4答案与解析 一、 PA
10、RT 2 Chinese-English Translation (50 points, 30 minutes) Interpret the following passages from Chinese into English. Start interpreting at the signal and stop it at the signal. You may take notes while you are listening. You will hear the passages only ONCE. Now lets begin. 1 【正确答案】 Now, the interna
11、tional financial crisis has spread from parts of the world to the entire globe, from the developed countries to the emerging markets, and from the financial sector to the real economy, which has exerted a big impact on the economic development and peoples life worldwide. At such a crucial moment, it
12、 is of great significance for us to convene here to discuss measures on maintaining the international financial stability and promoting worlds economic growth. / The ongoing international financial crisis has spread to encompass such a large area and has exerted such a deep anti intense impact that
13、is unprecedented since the 30s of the last century. There are various reasons behind this financial crisis, involving both improper macroeconomic policies and insufficient financial regulation. Without correct understanding of those reasons, we will hardly be able to draw lessons from it and avoid s
14、imilar crisis in the future. / Upon the occurrence of this financial crisis, the international society took prompt actions and adopted some countermeasures at different levels. We wish these measures would enable us to attain the results expected as soon as possible. To effectively cope with the fin
15、ancial crisis, countries in the world should enhance confidence, increase coordination and intensify cooperation. / The top priority of the international community is to take all the necessary measures to restore market confidence as soon as possible and curb the spread of the financial crisis. The
16、major developed economies should undertake their due responsibilities and obligations, implement macroeconomic policies that are conducive to the economic and financial stability and growth both domestically and internationally, take active steps to stabilize their own and the international financia
17、l markets and safeguard investors interests. Meanwhile, they should enhance macroeconomic policy coordination, expand economic and financial information sharing, and deepen cooperation in international financial regulation so as to create necessary conditions for stability in both the domestic and i
18、nternational financial markets. / At present, the slowdown of worlds economic growth and the increase of uncertain and unstable factors aggravate and complicate the situation. To maintain economic growth is the cornerstone of addressing the financial crisis. Countries should readjust their macroecon
19、omic policies, take necessary financial and monetary measures to actively promote economic development and avoid a global economic recession. Joint efforts should be made to stabilize the international energy and food markets, curb speculation and build an enabling environment for the growth of the
20、world economy. The international community should pay special attention to preventing various forms of trade and investment protectionism and pushing for early progress of the Doha round of negotiations. / The international community should earnestly draw lessons from the financial crisis and make n
21、ecessary reform of the international financial system based on full consultations among all stakeholders. Reform of the international financial system should aim at establishing a new international financial order that is fair, just, inclusive and orderly and fostering an institutional environment c
22、onducive to sound global economic development. /The reform should be conducted in a comprehensive, balanced, incremental and pragmatic manner. A comprehensive reform needs a general design which should not only focus on improving the international financial system, monetary system and financial inst
23、itutions and international financial rules and procedures but also take into account the development stages and characteristics of different economies. / A balanced reform is based on overall consideration, seeks a balance among the interests of all parties and builds a decision-making and managemen
24、t mechanism with wider and more effective participation. An incremental reform is one that seeks gradual progress and should proceed in a phased manner, starting with the easier issues, and achieve the final objectives of reform through sustained efforts under the precondition of maintaining stabili
25、ty of the international financial market. A pragmatic reform is one that stresses practical results. All reform measures should contribute to the international financial stability, the global economic growth and the welfare of people in all countries. / Based on those considerations, China proposes
26、implementing the following reform measures: 1) stepping up international cooperation in financial regulation and improving the international regulatory system; 2) advancing reform of the international financial organizations and increasing the representative ness and say of the developing countries
27、in such organizations; 3) encouraging regional financial cooperation and making best use of the regional fund assistance mechanisms; 4) improving the international currency system and steadily promoting the diversity of the international monetary system. / (Excerpt from the speech delivered by Hu Ji
28、ntao at the G20 Summit on Financial Markets and the World Economy in Washington, Nov. 16th, 2008) 【知识模块】 金融贸易 2 【正确答案】 China and ASEAN countries are close and interdependent neighbors. We boast over one thousand years of traditional friendship and a long history of economic exchanges. To our delight
29、, today, we are each others first choice as a partner for building an economic communityChina-ASEAN Free Trade Area (ETA). China- ASEAN trade has ushered in a golden age featuring unprecedented close and dynamic economic ties. The development of such economic ties has already proved and will continu
30、e to prove the shared need of both sides and beneficial to economic growth in East Asia and the world at large. / The past fifteen years have witnessed a huge increase in China-ASEAN trade volume, a rising proportion of the bilateral trade to our respective total foreign trade, a fast growth of mutu
31、al investment and more and more ASEAN projects undertaken by Chinese contractors. / 1. Bilateral trade has increased by large margins. The statistics from Chinas General Administration of Customs show that in 1978, China-ASEAN trade volume was only $ 859 million. By 1991, the figure has risen to $7.
32、96 billion, an increase of 8 times over a span of 13 years. Over the 15 years from 1991 to 2005, the bilateral trade has jumped from $7.96 billion to $130.37 billion, an increase of 15 times with an average annual increase of 20%, which surpassed the increase rate of China and ASEANs respective fore
33、ign trade over the same period. In the first half of 2006, China-ASEAN trade volume increased by 21.68% to $ 72.7 billion over the same period last year. / 2. China has shifted from trade surplus to trade deficit with its trade structure constantly optimized. In 1991, China-ASEAN trade volume accoun
34、ted for 5.9% of Chinas total foreign trade volume. Over the last ten years and more, Chinas foreign trade volume has increased from $135.7 billion in 1991 to $1.4221 trillion in 2005, an increase of 9 times. China-ASEAN trade volume accounted for 9.2% of Chinas total foreign trade volume in 2005. /
35、In 2005, China became the fourth largest trade partner of ASEAN, and ASEAN the fifth largest of China. In terms of countries rather than regions, China was the largest trade partner of Vietnam, the second largest of Myanmar, the third largest of Singapore, Thailand and the Philippines, the fourth la
36、rgest of Malaysia, Indonesia and Cambodia, and the fifth largest of Laos. Among Chinas top ten trade partners, Singapore ranked the seventh, and Malaysia the eighth. / China imported from ASEAN $ 3. 82 billion worth of products in 1991, and as much as $ 75 billion in 2005, an increase of nearly 19 t
37、imes, making ASEAN Chinas third largest source of import. In 1991, Chinas export to ASEAN was $4.14 billion, and the figure reached $55.37 billion in 2005, up 12 times. China had a surplus of $ 320 million in its trade with ASEAN in 1991 and a deficit of $19. 63 billion in 2005. In 1991. Chinas trad
38、e with ASEAN was mainly in primary and textile products, while by 2005, the focus of trade has shifted to manufactured products with machinery and electronic products topping the list. / (From “China and ASEAN: A Summary of Economic and Trade Cooperation over the Past Fifteen Years“ delivered by Xu Ningning, Executive Vice Secretary-general of China ASEAN Businese Council, at the China-ASEAN Summit Forum) 【知识模块】 金融贸易
