1、翻译二级口译实务-金融贸易(Finance+and+Trade)及答案解析(总分：16.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B英译汉/B(总题数：4，分数：8.00)1.BPassage 1/B I am very pleased to be back at the Xiamen International Investment Fair again. The level of interest and attendance recognizes the Fairs importance and high standing with the international investment com
2、munity. I congratulate MOEFEC and all those concerned with organizing the Fair, including of course the Xiamen authorities. / When I was here last year we were on the threshold of Chinas entry to WTO. This year membership is a reality. That is one of the most significant developments to occur on the
3、 world stage in recent times. It takes a huge step furthering the process of integrating China into the world economy. There will be difficulties for Chinese companies and their employees in some sectors, particularly the SOEs, in adjusting to international competition. That is inevitable. But I bel
4、ieve that once those transitional difficulties are overcome, the positive benefits for China and for world trade will be immense. I admire the courage and the vision of Chinas leaders and people in picking up this challenge. / This years theme is the role of international investment in creating a co
5、mpetitive advantage. In Britain we are thoroughly persuaded of that role. Our experience of inward investment is wholly positive. Total inward investment to the UK has now reached some500 billion. It has created nearly 160,000 new jobs in Britain in the last three years alone. It has helped us devel
6、op and modernize our industrial base. It has introduced new products and processes. It has brought in technology and management expertise. No wonder we are whole-heartedly in favor of it! / Inward investment did not just come to us by chance. We had to work hard to create the right climate for it. W
7、hy did countries choose to invest in Britain? We are a stable country. We have a strong rule of law. We have a minimum of red tape for foreign investors. We freed up our market more than our continental European neighbors. We kept our labor costs low. We treated foreign investors and domestic produc
8、ers equally. We do not mind who owns a company, so long as the business and the jobs are in Britain. / But one factor counts above all others: investment in Britain is profitable for the investor as well as beneficial for our country. That is the single most important reason why we have attracted fo
9、r instance 45 percent of all Japanese inward investment in Europe and 60 percent of all Korean investment in Europe. / We hope before long to attract significant investment from China as well. To help do that we are going to spread the news in China of just how creative and innovative the British ec
10、onomy now is. We shall be organizing an important campaign of exhibitions and events in China this year with more to come in 2003 under the title: Britainthe Leading Edge. I hope many of you will visit the first events in Shanghai next month. / British companies know the China market well and remain
11、 keen to invest there and the China- Britain Business Council of which I am President gives them every encouragement and help to do so. Both our trade and our investment are at record levels and Britain is Europes largest investor in China by a very considerable margin. Recent examples have included
12、 BPs investment in Chinas oil and gas industry and Shells commitment to invest in the East and West oil pipeline. / I have every confidence that willingness to invest will continue so long as British firms see steady improvement in market conditions and access. There are people who oppose foreign in
13、vestment, arguing that it means exporting British jobs. But that is a shortsighted view. / In a global economy, emerging markets will always be able to produce well-educated and highly-trainable workers at far lower cost than in the UK. We know that the right answer is not to inhibit foreign investm
14、ent but instead to move our own economic activity towards high technology and knowledge- based industries. That is exactly what we are doing. / (“International Investment Creates an International Competitive Advantage“, by Lord Charles Powell, President of the China-Britain Business Council at Xiame
15、n International Investment Fair, September 8, 2002)（分数：2.00）_2.BPassage 2/B The second area I want to focus on is what we know we do not know. In other words, the uncertainties related to the further opening of Chinas market. / Clearly, we do not know exactly how numerous industries will evolve. And
16、 it is a lack of advanced knowledge that is prompting much speculation. In the area of financial services for example, some predict that many of Chinas domestic banks will have a limited life span once the market is fully opened up in five years time. / Personally, I do not share this view. I think
17、they will be very strong competitors, partly because they are in the advantageous position of knowing the marketplace, partly because they have national networks that are impossiblenot to mention impracticalto match. And partly because they have a strong base of customers and are becoming increasing
18、ly modern Consider the mainlands largest bank, the Industrial and Commercial Bank of China. It recently announced that it has more than l0,000 corporations and 1.8 million individuals using its online banking services. But the main reason I think domestic banks in China will be strong competitors: t
19、hey are very fast learners. / Another thing we know we do not knowand this specifically relates to Hong Kong-is the indirect benefits that will flow from a more open market in China. For example, if mainland investors are allowed to invest their foreign exchange holdings in Hong Kong, the SARs stock
20、 market would clearly benefit. Hong Kongs position as a fund raising centre for mainland companies would also be enhanced. We know this idea is under consideration. We also know we do not know when it may happen. / Likewise, we know that if banks in Hong Kong are permitted to accept RMB deposits, th
21、e SARs status as an international financial centre and as the premier regional financial centre will be enhanced even further. Once again we know this idea is being considered, but we do not know when it may happen. / Finally, we know that we do not know how China will change the WTO. What role will
22、 the country play in shaping future trade talks? Will Chinas presence prompt other members to address the concerns of developing nations more readily? And how will another large player at the table affect overall group dynamics?/ One thing that is clear: the WTO is much more of a global body now tha
23、n it was prior to Chinas entry. Simply put, no organization can rightly call itself global if it does not include the worlds most populous nation. / (Excerpts from “China and the WTO: the 15-year Itch“ by Mr. David Eldon, Chairman of Hong Kong and Shanghai Banking Corporation Limited, at Hong Kong A
24、ssociation of New York breakfast meeting on April 25, 2002)（分数：2.00）_3.BPassage 3/B Let me illustrate that. As China grows world class companies and these go out into international markets, many are attracted to Britain. We now have over 170 mainland Chinese companies operating profitably and succes
25、sfully in Britain, and many more from Hong Kong. Our trade and investment support organization, UK Trade 2) advancing reform of the international financial organizations and increasing the representative ness and say of the developing countries in such organizations; 3) encouraging regional financia
26、l cooperation and making best use of the regional fund assistance mechanisms; 4) improving the international currency system and steadily promoting the diversity of the international monetary system. / (Excerpt from the speech delivered by Hu Jintao at the G20 Summit on Financial Markets and the Wor
27、ld Economy in Washington, Nov. 16th, 2008)8.B 第四篇 /B 中国与东盟国家，山水相连，唇齿相依。引以为豪的是，我们拥有上千年的传统友谊和贸易往来的悠久历史。令人欣喜的是，我们今天相互首选对方，组建经济共同体中国东盟自由贸易区。中国与东盟的经贸关系历史上从来没有像今天这么密切、这么活跃，已步入了黄金时期。而这一关系的发展已经证明并将进一步证明，它是双方共同需要的体现，它惠及东亚经济乃至于世界经济的增长。/ 近十五年来，中国与东盟贸易额大幅增长，其贸易额在各自对外贸易总额中的比重不断提升，双向投资迅速增加，中国在东盟国家的工程承包越来越多。/ 1双方贸
28、易增幅大，中国海关统计数据显示，1978 年，中国与东盟贸易额仅为 8.59 亿美元。至 1991 年增长为 79.6 亿美元，十三年间增长了 8 倍。而近十五年间，从 1991 年至 2005 年，中国与东盟贸易额从 79.6 亿美元增长到 1303.7 亿美元，增长了 15倍，年均增长率高达 20%，这一增长率超过了同期中国和东盟各自的对外贸易增长率。2006 年上半年较上年同期，中国与东盟贸易额增长了 21.68%，达 727 亿美元。/ 2中国由贸易顺差转为贸易逆差，贸易结构不断优化。1991 年，中国与东盟贸易额占中国对外贸易额的 5.9%。近十多年，中国对外贸易额从1991 年的
29、1357 亿美元增长到 2005 年的 14221 亿美元，增长了 9 倍，中国与东盟贸易额占中国对外贸易额的比重上升为 2005 年的 9.2% / 2005 年，在东盟的对外贸易中，中国排第四位；在中国的对外贸易中，东盟处第五位按国别来看，中国是越南的第一大贸易伙伴，是缅甸的第二大贸易伙伴，是新加坡、泰国、菲律宾的第三大贸易伙伴，是马来西亚、印尼、柬埔寨的第四大贸易伙伴，是老挝的第五大贸易伙伴 在中国对外贸易中的前十大贸易伙伴中，新加坡是中国第七大贸易伙伴，马来西亚是中国第八大贸易伙伴。/ 1991 年，中国自东盟进口 38.2 亿美元，而 2005 年则高达 750 亿美元，增长了近 1
30、9 倍，东盟成为中国第三大进口来源地。1991 年，中国向东盟出口 41.4 亿美元，而 2005 年则高达 553.7 亿美元，增长了12 倍。1991 年，中国与东盟贸易额中，中国顺差 3.2 亿美元，而 2005 年中国逆差 196.3 亿美元。1991年，中国与东盟贸易产品中，以初级产品、轻纺产品为主，发展到 2005 年则以工业制成品为主，其中机电产品名列榜首。/ (选自中国东盟商务理事会常务副秘书长许宁宁在中国东盟高层论坛上题为“中国与东盟：近十五年经贸合作综述”的讲话)（分数：2.00）_正确答案：()解析：China and ASEAN countries are close
31、and interdependent neighbors. We boast over one thousand years of traditional friendship and a long history of economic exchanges. To our delight, today, we are each others first choice as a partner for building an economic communityChina-ASEAN Free Trade Area (ETA). China- ASEAN trade has ushered i
32、n a golden age featuring unprecedented close and dynamic economic ties. The development of such economic ties has already proved and will continue to prove the shared need of both sides and beneficial to economic growth in East Asia and the world at large. / The past fifteen years have witnessed a h
33、uge increase in China-ASEAN trade volume, a rising proportion of the bilateral trade to our respective total foreign trade, a fast growth of mutual investment and more and more ASEAN projects undertaken by Chinese contractors. / 1. Bilateral trade has increased by large margins. The statistics from
34、Chinas General Administration of Customs show that in 1978, China-ASEAN trade volume was only $ 859 million. By 1991, the figure has risen to $7.96 billion, an increase of 8 times over a span of 13 years. Over the 15 years from 1991 to 2005, the bilateral trade has jumped from $7.96 billion to $130.
35、37 billion, an increase of 15 times with an average annual increase of 20%, which surpassed the increase rate of China and ASEANs respective foreign trade over the same period. In the first half of 2006, China-ASEAN trade volume increased by 21.68% to $ 72.7 billion over the same period last year. /
36、 2. China has shifted from trade surplus to trade deficit with its trade structure constantly optimized. In 1991, China-ASEAN trade volume accounted for 5.9% of Chinas total foreign trade volume. Over the last ten years and more, Chinas foreign trade volume has increased from $135.7 billion in 1991
37、to $1.4221 trillion in 2005, an increase of 9 times. China-ASEAN trade volume accounted for 9.2% of Chinas total foreign trade volume in 2005. / In 2005, China became the fourth largest trade partner of ASEAN, and ASEAN the fifth largest of China. In terms of countries rather than regions, China was
38、 the largest trade partner of Vietnam, the second largest of Myanmar, the third largest of Singapore, Thailand and the Philippines, the fourth largest of Malaysia, Indonesia and Cambodia, and the fifth largest of Laos. Among Chinas top ten trade partners, Singapore ranked the seventh, and Malaysia t
39、he eighth. / China imported from ASEAN $ 3. 82 billion worth of products in 1991, and as much as $ 75 billion in 2005, an increase of nearly 19 times, making ASEAN Chinas third largest source of import. In 1991, Chinas export to ASEAN was $4.14 billion, and the figure reached $55.37 billion in 2005,
40、 up 12 times. China had a surplus of $ 320 million in its trade with ASEAN in 1991 and a deficit of $19. 63 billion in 2005. In 1991. Chinas trade with ASEAN was mainly in primary and textile products, while by 2005, the focus of trade has shifted to manufactured products with machinery and electronic products topping the list. / (From “China and ASEAN: A Summary of Economic and Trade Cooperation over the Past Fifteen Years“ delivered by Xu Ningning, Executive Vice Secretary-general of China ASEAN Businese Council, at the China-ASEAN Summit Forum)
