1、国家公共英语（五级）笔试模拟试卷 140及答案与解析 Part A Directions: You will hear a talk. As you listen, answer Questions 1-10 by circling TRUE or FALSE. You will hear the talk ONLY ONCE. You now have 1 minute to read Questions 1-10. 1 （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （
2、A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE Part B Directions: You will hear 3 conversations or talks and you must answer the questions by choosing A, B, C or D. You will hear the recording ONLY ONCE. 11 What would happe
3、n if you misuse your eyes? （ A） You may feel uncomfortable in various ways. （ B） You may have to wear glasses. （ C） You can let your eyes rest for a while. （ D） You can go and see a doctor. 12 What is said about the best distance between a book and our eyes when reading? （ A） It is 14 inches. （ B） I
4、t is hard to figure out. （ C） It varies from person to person. （ D） It depends on lighting conditions. 13 What is the talk mainly about? （ A） Good reading skills. （ B） Diseases related to eyes. （ C） Health guides for students. （ D） Proper eye-use in reading. 14 Which of the following is not a place
5、where most original classical music was written? （ A） Russia （ B） Australia （ C） Italy （ D） Germany 15 What do we call music that comes from a particular culture? （ A） Jazz music. （ B） Classical music. （ C） Traditional music. （ D） Rock music. 16 Which instrument is not used to play jazz music? （ A）
6、Saxphone. （ B） Piano. （ C） Violin. （ D） Trumpet. 17 Which of the following is the acceptable table manner in Britain? （ A） You lift your soup bowl to your mouth. （ B） You make noise when drinking soup. （ C） You shouldnt raise your elbows to your shoulders. （ D） You shouldnt put your hands on the tab
7、le. 18 Which is considered as a good manner in Mexico? （ A） To put your hands on the table during the meal. （ B） To make noise in eating any kind of food. （ C） To eat your meal quickly and clearly. （ D） To put your elbows away from the table. 19 In Arab countries, what is considered very impolite? （
8、 A） Eating with left hand. （ B） Eating with a fork. （ C） Drinking soup noisily. （ D） Talking while eating. 20 Whats the main idea of the passage? （ A） An introduction of British table manners. （ B） Table manners and enjoyment. （ C） Different countries have different table manners. （ D） The importanc
9、e and details of table manners. Part C Directions: You will hear a talk. As you listen, answer the questions or complete the notes in your test booklet for Questions 21-30 by writing NOT MORE THAN THREE words in the space provided on the right. You will hear the talk TWICE. You now have 1 minute to
10、read Questions 21-30. 21 一、 Section II Use of English (15 minutes) Directions: Read the following text and fill each of the numbered spaces with ONE suitable word. Write your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 30 Complaining about faulty goods or bad service is never easy. Most people dislike making a fuss.
11、 But if something you have bought is (31) _ or does not do what was claimed for it, you are not asking (32) a favour to get it put right. It is the shopkeepers responsibility (33) take the complaint seriously and to replace or repair a faulty article or put right poor service, because he is the pers
12、on with(34) _ you have entered into an agreement. The manufacturer may have a part to play but that comes later. Complaints should be made to a responsible (35) _. Go back to the shop (36)_you bought the goods, taking with you any receipt you may have. Ask to see the owner in a large store. In a sma
13、ll (37) _the assistant may also be the owner so you can complain directly. In a chain store ask to see the manager. If you telephone, ask the name of the person who handles your enquiry, otherwise you may never find (38) _ who dealt with the complaint later. Even the bravest person finds it (39) _to
14、 stand up in a group of people to complain, so if you do not want to do it in person, write a letter. Stick(40) _ the facts and keep a copy of what you write. (41) _ this stage you should give any receipt numbers, but you should not need to give receipts or other papers to prove you bought the artic
15、le. If you are not satisfied (42) _the answer you get, or if you do not get a reply, write to the managing director of the firm, shop, or organization. (43) _ sure to keep copies of your own letters and any you receive. If your (44) _ is a just one, the shopkeeper may offer to replace or repair the
16、faulty article. You may find this an attractive solution. In certain cases you may have the right to refuse the (45) _ and ask for your money back, but this is only where you have hardly used the goods and have acted at once. Even when you cannot refuse the goods you may be (46) _ to get some money
17、back as (47) . And if you have suffered some special loss, if for example a new washing machine tears your clothes, you might receive money to replace them. If the shopkeeper offers you a credit note to be used to buy goods in the same shops but you would (48) have money say so. If you accept a cred
18、it note remember that later you will not be able to ask for your money. If the shopkeeper refuses to give you money, ask for advice from your Citizens Advice Bureau before you accept a credit note. In some (49) _the shopkeeper does not have to give you your money back if, for example, he changes an
19、article simply because you dont like it or it does (50) _ fit. He does not have to take back the goods in these circumstances. Part A Directions: Read the following texts and answer the questions which accompany them by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 50 Hotels were among
20、 the earliest facilities that bound the United States together. They were both creatures and creators of communities, as well as symptoms of the frenetic quest for community. Even in the first part of the nineteenth century, Americans were already forming the habit of gathering from all corners of t
21、he nation for both public and private, business and pleasure purposes. Conventions were the new occasions, and hotels were distinctively American facilities making conventions possible. The first national convention of a major party to choose a candidate for President (that of the National Republica
22、n Party, which met on December 12, 1831, and nominated Henry Clay for President) was held in Baltimore, at a hotel that was then reputed to be the best in the country. The presence in Baltimore of Barnums City Hotel, a six-story building with two hundred apartments, helps explain why many other earl
23、y national political conventions were held there. In the longer nm, too, American hotels made other national conventions not only possible but pleasant and convivial. The growing custom of regularly assembling from afar the representatives of all kinds of groups not only for political conventions, b
24、ut also for commercial, professional, learned, and avocational ones in turn supported the multiplying hotels. By mid-twentieth century, conventions accounted for over a third of the yearly room occupancy of all hotels in the nation; about eighteen thousand different conventions were held annually wi
25、th a total attendance of about ten million persons. Nineteenth-century American hotelkeepers, who were no longer the genial, deferential “hosts“of the eighteenth-century European inn, became leading citizens. Holding a large stake in the community, they exercised power to make it prosper. As owners
26、or managers of the local “palace of the public“, they were makers and shapers of a principal community attraction. Travelers from abroad were mildly shocked by this high social position. 51 The word “bound“ in line 1 is closest in meaning to_. （ A） led （ B） protected （ C） tied （ D） strengthened 52 T
27、he National Republican Party is mentioned in line 7 as an example of a group_. （ A） from Baltimore （ B） of learned people （ C） owning a hotel （ D） holding a convention 53 The word “assembling“ in line 13 is closest in meaning to_. （ A） announcing （ B） motivating （ C） gathering （ D） contracting 54 It
28、 can be inferred from the passage that early hotelkeepers in the United States were （ A） active politicians （ B） European immigrants （ C） professional builders （ D） influential citizens 55 Which of the following statements about early American hotels is NOT mentioned in the passage? （ A） Travelers f
29、rom abroad did not enjoy staying in them. （ B） Conventions were held in them. （ C） People used them for both business and pleasure. （ D） They were important to the community. 55 Imagine a world in which there was suddenly no emotion a world in which human beings could feel no love or happiness, no t
30、error or hate. Try to imagine the consequences of such a transformation. People might not be able to stay alive: knowing neither joy nor pleasure, neither anxiety nor fear, they would be as likely to repeat acts that hurt them as acts that were beneficial. They could not learn: they could not benefi
31、t from experience because this emotionless world would lack rewards and punishments. Society would soon disappear: people would be as likely to harm one another as to provide help and support. Human relationships would not exist; in a world without friends or enemies, there could be no marriage, aff
32、ection among companions, or bonds among members of groups. Society s economic underpinnings would be destroyed; since earning $ 10 million would be no more pleasant than earning $ 10, there would be no incentive to work. In fact, there would be no incentives of any kind. For as we will see, incentiv
33、es imply a capacity to enjoy them. In such a world, the chances that the human species would survive are next to zero, because emotions are the basic instrument of our survival and adaptation. Emotions structure the world for us in important ways. As individuals, we categorize objects on the basis o
34、f our emotions. True we consider the length, shape, size, or texture, but an objects physical aspects are less important than what it has done or can do to us hurt us, surprise us, anger us or make us joyful. We also use categorizations colored by emotions in our families, communities, and overall s
35、ociety. Out of our emotional experiences with objects and events comes a social feeling of agreement that certain things and actions are “good“ and others are “bad“, and we apply these categories to every aspect of our social life from what foods we eat and what clothes we wear to how we keep promis
36、es and which people our group will accept. In fact, society exploits our emotional reactions and attitudes, such as loyalty, morality, pride, shame, guilt, fear and greed, in order to maintain itself. It gives high rewards to individuals who perform important tasks such as surgery, makes heroes out
37、of individuals for unusual or dangerous achievements such as flying fighter planes in a war, and uses the legal and penal system to make people afraid to engage in an antisocial acts. 56 The reason why people might not be able to stay alive in a world without emotion is that （ A） they would not be a
38、ble to tell the texture of objects （ B） they would not know what was beneficial and what was harmful to them （ C） they would not be happy with a life without love （ D） they would do things that hurt each others feelings 57 According to the passage, peoples learning activities are possible because th
39、ey （ A） believe that emotions are fundamental for them to stay alive （ B） benefit from providing help and support to one another （ C） enjoy being rewarded for doing the right thing （ D） know what is vital to the progress of society 58 It can be inferred from the passage that the economic foundation
40、of society is dependent on_. （ A） the ability to make money （ B） the will to work for pleasure （ C） the capacity to enjoy incentives （ D） the categorizations of our emotional experiences 59 Emotions are significant for mans survival and adaptation because_. （ A） they provide the means by which peopl
41、e view the size or shape of objects （ B） they are the basis for the social feeling of agreement by which society is maintained （ C） they encourage people to perform dangerous achievements （ D） they generate more love than hate among people 60 The emotional aspects of an object are more important tha
42、n its physical aspects in that they_. （ A） help society exploit its members for profit （ B） encourage us to perform important tasks （ C） help to perfect the legal and penal system （ D） help us adapt our behavior to the world surrounding us 60 Mass transportation revised the social and economic fabri
43、c of the American city in three fundamental ways. It catalyzed physical expansion, it sorted out people and land uses, and it accelerated the inherent instability of urban life. By opening vast areas of unoccupied land for residential expansion, the omnibuses, horse railways, commuter trains, and el
44、ectric trolleys pulled settled regions outward two to four times more distant from city centers than they were in the pre-modern era. In 1850, for example, the borders of Boston lay scarcely two miles from the old business district; by the end of the century the radius extended ten miles. Now those
45、who could afford it could live far removed from the old city center and still commute there for work, shopping, and entertainment. The new accessibility of land around the periphery of almost every major city sparked an explosion of real estate development and fueled what we now know as urban sprawl
46、. Between 1890 and 1920, for example, some 250, 000 new residential lots were recorded within the borders of Chicago, most of them located in outlying areas. Over the same period, another 550, 000 were plotted outside the Cit-y limits but within the metropolitan area. Anxious to take advantage of th
47、e possibilities of commuting, real estate developers added 800, 000 potential building sites to the Chicago region in just thirty years lots that could have housed five to six million people. Of course, many were never occupied: there was always a huge surplus of subdivided but vacant land around Ch
48、icago and other cities. These excesses underscore a feature of residential expansion related to the growth of mass transportation: urban sprawl was essentially unplanned. It was carded out by thousands of small investors who paid little heed to coordinated land use or to future land users. Those who
49、 purchased and prepared land for residential purposes, particularly land near or outside city borders where transit lines and middle-class inhabitants were anticipated, did so to create demand as much as to respond to it. Chicago is a prime example of this process. Real estate subdivision there proceeded much faster than population growth. 61 With which of the following subjects is the passage mainly concerned? （ A） Types of mass transportation. （ B） Inst
