1、国家公共英语（五级）笔试模拟试卷 160及答案与解析 Part A Directions: You will hear a talk. As you listen, answer Questions 1-10 by circling TRUE or FALSE. You will hear the talk ONLY ONCE. You now have 1 minute to read Questions 1-10. 1 The recent social and economic changes in the US have great impact on all the American
2、 housing system. （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE 2 One out of four married couples have got divorced in America. （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE 3 The change in family size has affected the size of houses needed. （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE 4 In many areas of the US, people would rather rent an apartment than buy a house. （ A）
3、TRUE （ B） FALSE 5 People form cooperatives to spend less money on houses. （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE 6 People move back to cities because they want to be closer to their offices. （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE 7 Living underground can help reduce the cost of heating and lighting. （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE 8 Inflation ha
4、s made the interest on housing loans 18% higher than before. （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE 9 Unemployment in housing industry and depression in housing market result from social and economic changes. （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE 10 Mobile houses are built in order to lower the cost. （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE Part B Direc
5、tions: You will hear 3 conversations or talks and you must answer the questions by choosing A, B, C or D. You will hear the recording ONLY ONCE. 11 What does the man think of the government s present proposal about building more power stations in the country? （ A） It s a dangerous proposal. （ B） It
6、s a stupid proposal. （ C） It s an advantageous proposal. （ D） It s a viable proposal. 12 Which power does the man suggest? （ A） Water power. （ B） Wind power. （ C） Solar power. （ D） Electronical power. 13 What problem does the man think can be solved if the government put up small units to build sola
7、r panels? （ A） The heat supply. （ B） The electric supply. （ C） The water supply. （ D） The unemployment situation. 14 When did the woman give up smoking? （ A） Ten days ago. （ B） Just this morning. （ C） A week ago. （ D） Just yesterday. 15 What suggestion does the man think it is good? （ A） Try to give
8、 up smoking. （ B） Eat sweets everyday instead of smoking. （ C） Try to give up one cigarette every day. （ D） Go to a hypnotist. 16 What is the conversation mainly about? （ A） Giving up smoking. （ B） Keeping fit. （ C） Doing exercises. （ D） Eating sweets. 17 In which state was Emily Dickson born? （ A）
9、Michigan. （ B） Ohio. （ C） Massachusetts. （ D） Washington. 18 When did Dickson go to Boston for eye treatment? （ A） In 1848. （ B） In the early 1850s. （ C） In the late 1850s. （ D） In the early 1860s. 19 How many poems did Dickinson write? （ A） Almost 2, 000. （ B） Nearly 1 , 000. （ C） 800 （ D） 1, 200.
10、20 What is Dickinson s particular form of self-publication? （ A） She ran her own publishing house. （ B） She wrote her poems in her letters. （ C） She wrote to newspapers regularly. （ D） She recorded her poems in her diary. Part C Directions: You will hear a talk. As you listen, answer the questions o
11、r complete the notes in your test booklet for Questions 21-30 by writing NOT MORE THAN THREE words in the space provided on the right. You will hear the talk TWICE. You now have 1 minute to read Questions 21-30. 21 What is your responsibility when you, as a school principal, get the teachers report?
12、 22 How many reactions could you have towards the teachers report? 23 How many psychologists are mentioned in the talk? 24 Their scheme is based on the premise that all people have a basic way of_. 25 Dr. Mann is now in Cambridge, writing a book on the_. 26 They started working in 1968 based on the
13、observation made by Jung, the founder of_. 27 How many psychological types of people are there according to Jungs ideas? 28 The past-oriented people tend to look at the world in a_. 29 The past-oriented people are flexible in_. 30 What is the passage mainly talking about? 一、 Section II Use of Englis
14、h (15 minutes) Directions: Read the following text and fill each of the numbered spaces with ONE suitable word. Write your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 30 “Down-to-earth“ means someone or something that is honest, realistic and easy to deal with. It is a pleasure to find【 C1】 _who is down-to-earth. A
15、person who is down-to-earth is easy to talk【 C2】 _and accepts other people as equals. A down-to-earth person is just the【 C3】 _of someone who acts important or proud. Down-to-earth persons may be【 C4】 _members of society, of course. But they do not let their importance “【 C5】 _to their heads“. They
16、do not consider themselves to be better persons than【 C6】 _of less importance. Someone who is filled with his own importance and pride, 【 C7】 _without cause, is said to have “his nose in the air“. There is【 C8】 _way a person with his nose in the air can be down-to-earth. Americans【 C9】 _another expr
17、ession that means almost the same as “down-to-earth“. The expression is “both-feet-on-the-ground“. Someone【 C10】 _both-feet-on-the-ground is a person with a good understanding【 C11】 _reality. He has what is called “ common sense, “ he may have dreams, 【 C12】 _he does not allow them to block his know
18、ledge of【 C13】 _is real. The opposite kind of【 C14】 _is one who has his “head-in-the-clouds“. A man with his head-in-the-clouds is a dreamer【 C15】 _mind is not in the real world. 【 C16】 _, such a dreamer can be brought back to earth. Sharp words from teacher can usually【 C17】 _a day-dreaming student
19、 down-to-earth. Usually, the person who is down-to-earth is very【 C18】 _ to have both feet on the ground.【 C19】 _we have both our feet on the ground, when we are down-to-earth, we act honestly and openly【 C20】 _others. Our lives are like the ground below us, solid and strong. 31 【 C1】 32 【 C2】 33 【
20、C3】 34 【 C4】 35 【 C5】 36 【 C6】 37 【 C7】 38 【 C8】 39 【 C9】 40 【 C10】 41 【 C11】 42 【 C12】 43 【 C13】 44 【 C14】 45 【 C15】 46 【 C16】 47 【 C17】 48 【 C18】 49 【 C19】 50 【 C20】 Part A Directions: Read the following texts and answer the questions which accompany them by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answer
21、s on ANSWER SHEET 1. 50 Today TV audiences all over the world are accustomed to the sight of American astronauts in tip-top condition, with fair hair, crew-cuts, good teeth, an uncomplicated sense of humour and a severely limited non-technical vocabulary. What marks out an astronaut from his earthbo
22、und fellow human beings is something of a difficult problem. Should you wish to interview him, you must apply beforehand, and you must be prepared for a longish wait, even if your application meets with success. It is, in any case, out of the question to interview an astronaut about his family life
23、or personal activities, Because all the astronauts have contracts with an American magazine under conditions forbidding any unauthorized disclosures about their private lives. Certain obvious qualities are needed. Anyone who would be a spaceman must be in perfect health, must have powers of concentr
24、ation(since work inside a spacecraft is exceptionally demanding)and must have considerable courage. Again, space-work calls for dedication. Courage and dedication are particularly essential. In the well-known case of the Challenger seven crew members lost their lives in space because of the faulty e
25、quipment in the shuttle. Another must be outstanding scientific expertise. It goes without saying that they all have to have professional aeronautical qualifications and experience. A striking feature of the astronauts is their ages. For the younger man, in his twenties, say, space is out. Only one
26、of the fifty men working for NASA in 1970 was under 30. The oldest astronaut to date is Alan Shepard, Americas first man in space, who, at nearly fifty, was also the man who captained Apollo 13. The average age is the late thirties. The crew members of Apollo 11 were all born well before the Second
27、World War. In 1986 the Challenger astronauts had an average age of 39. The range was from 35 to 46. In a society where marital continuity is not always exhibited, the astronauts record in this respect hits you in the eye. Of all the married men in NASA group, only two or three are divorced from thei
28、r wives. Mind you, it is hard to tell whether something in the basic character of an astronaut encourages fidelity or whether the selection process demands that a candidate should be happily married. The NASA astronauts live in unattractive small communities dotted here and there around the base in
29、Texas. You would expect them to find their friends from among their professional associates, But this is not the case. Rather, they prefer to make friends with the normal folk in their districts. Astronauts, like everybody else, must get fed up with talking shop all the time, and whereas they are in
30、deed an elite, their daily life outside work should be as normal as possible, if only for the sake of their families. As for the astronauts political leanings, they seem to be towards the right. This may be due to the fact that a large proportion of the astronauts have a military background. On the
31、other hand, it could be just coincidence. 51 Details of the private life of an astronaut are hard to come by, Because they are _ . （ A） his own business and privacy （ B） secrets as far as interviews are concerned （ C） the property of an American magazine （ D） the first-rate national confidential inf
32、ormation 52 To audience, the typical American astronaut （ A） has a limited vocabulary （ B） is a clean-cut, cheerful and frank guy （ C） cant understand a sophisticated joke （ D） is well-built but rather slow-witted 53 In politics, astronauts are generally_. （ A） democrats （ B） republicans （ C） conser
33、vatives （ D） communists 54 The phrase“ talking shop“(Line 4, Para. 6)probably means_. （ A） talking about shopping （ B） discussing ones work with colleagues （ C） exchanging personal news （ D） talking with friends in a group 55 Which of the statements is NOT true? （ A） Astronauts have a good job which
34、 demands high. （ B） The divorce rate in NASA is very low. （ C） The NASA astronauts mostly find friends from among their work. （ D） There is no younger man in his twenties in the spaceship. 55 Defenders of special protective labor legislation for women often maintain that eliminating such laws would
35、destroy the fruits of a century-long struggle for the protection of women workers. Even a brief examination of the historic practice of courts and employers would show that the fruit of such laws has been bitter; they are, in practice, more of a curse than a blessing. Sex-defined protective laws hav
36、e often been based on stereotypical assumptions concerning women s needs and abilities, and employers have frequently used them as legal excuses for discriminating against women. After the Second World War, for example, businesses and government sought to persuade women to vacate jobs in factories,
37、thus making room in the labor force for returning veterans. The revival or passage of state laws limiting the daily or weekly work hours of women conveniently accomplished this. Employers had only to declare that overtime hours were a necessary condition of employment or promotion in their factory,
38、and women could be quite legally fired, refused jobs, or kept at low wage levels, all in the name of “protecting“ their health. By validating such laws when they are challenged by lawsuits, the courts have colluded over the years in establishing different, less advantageous employment terms for wome
39、n than for men, thus reducing women s competitiveness on the job market. At the same time, even the most well-intentioned lawmakers, courts, and employers have often been blind to the real needs of women. The lawmakers and the courts continue to permit employers to offer employee health insurance pl
40、ans that cover all known human medical disabilities except those relating to pregnancy and childbirth. Finally, labor laws protecting only special groups are often ineffective at protecting the workers who are actually in the workplace. Some chemicals, for example, pose reproductive risks for women
41、of childbearing years; manufacturers using the chemicals comply with laws protecting women against these hazards by refusing to hire them. Thus the sex-defined legislation protects the hypothetical female worker, but has no effect whatever on the safety of any actual employee. The health risks to ma
42、le employees in such industries cannot be negligible, since chemicals toxic enough to cause birth defects in fetuses or sterility in women are presumably harmful to the human metabolism. Protective laws aimed at changing production materials or techniques in order to reduce such hazards would benefi
43、t all employees without discriminating against any. In sum, protective labor laws for women are discriminatory and do not meet their intended purpose. Legislators should recognize that women are in the work force to stay, and that their needs good health care, a decent wage, and a safe workplace are
44、 the needs of all workers. Laws that ignore these facts violate women s rights for equal protection in employment. 56 According to the author, which of the following resulted from the passage or revival of state laws limiting the work hours of women workers? （ A） Women workers were compelled to leav
45、e their jobs in factories. （ B） Many employers had difficulty in providing jobs for returning veterans. （ C） Many employers found it hard to attract women workers. （ D） The health of most women factory workers improved. 57 According to the first paragraph of the passage, the author considers which o
46、f the following to be most helpful in determining the value of special protective labor legislation for women? （ A） A comparative study of patterns of work-related illnesses in states that had such laws and in states that did not. （ B） An estimate of how many women workers are in favor of such laws.
47、 （ C） An analysis of the cost to employers of complying with such laws. （ D） An examination of the actual effects that such laws have had in the past on women workers. 58 The main point of the passage is that special protective labor laws for women workers are_. （ A） unnecessary because most workers
48、 are well protected by existing labor laws （ B） harmful to the economic interests of women workers while offering them little or no actual protection （ C） not worth preserving even though they do represent a hardwon legacy of the labor movement （ D） controversial because male workers receive less pr
49、otection than they require 59 The author implies that which of the following is characteristic of many employee health insurance plans? （ A） They cover all the common medical conditions affecting men, but only some of those affecting women. （ B） They lack the special provisions for women workers that proposed special labor laws for women would provide. （ C） They pay the medical costs associated with pregnancy and childbirth onl
