1、国家公共英语（五级）笔试模拟试卷 179及答案与解析 Part A Directions: You will hear a talk. As you listen, answer Questions 1-10 by circling TRUE or FALSE. You will hear the talk ONLY ONCE. You now have 1 minute to read Questions 1-10. 1 Dr. Wilson and Mr. Wang have known each other before. （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE 2 Wang pref
2、ers to live with an English family. （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE 3 Wang intends to study how computer is used for language translation. （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE 4 Back in his own country, Mr. Wang studied C-language and chemistry. （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE 5 Wang has some experience about CAD. （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE 6
3、 Dr. Wilson is satisfied with Wangs past experience. （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE 7 Wang has little knowledge of the phonetic processing system. （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE 8 Wang decides to take courses and pass exams. （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE 9 Dr. Wilson suggests that Wang should extend his stay at the university.
4、（ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE 10 Dr. Wilson asks Wang to do a little more research before deciding on his project. （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE Part B Directions: You will hear 3 conversations or talks and you must answer the questions by choosing A, B, C or D. You will hear the recording ONLY ONCE. 11 What does the
5、 man do? （ A） A taxi-driver. （ B） A bus driver. （ C） A policeman. （ D） A tourist guide. 12 What does he like about his job? （ A） Money. （ B） Freedom. （ C） Knowing different people. （ D） Traveling a lot. 13 Those who visit London will certainly go to_. （ A） the Tower of London （ B） Harrods （ C） Bucki
6、ngham Palace （ D） The Greenwich village 14 According to the speaker, what are convenience goods? （ A） Commodities that people are in constant need of. （ B） Goods that are convenient to use or purchase. （ C） Items that people tend to buy under impulse. （ D） Items that have to be bought once a week. 1
7、5 What are the shopping goods that are basically considered the same? （ A） Those that satisfy similar needs of the consumer. （ B） Those that consumers dont care where to buy. （ C） Those that consumers spend much time looking for. （ D） Those that can be found everywhere. 16 What is the characteristic
8、 of specialty goods? （ A） They are goods that can be bought at a special price. （ B） They arc special kinds of products. （ C） They are characterized in their brands. （ D） They need special efforts to get. 17 What does the speaker mainly discuss? （ A） The distribution of different species of amphibia
9、ns. （ B） Possible reasons for reduction in the number of amphibians. （ C） The effects of environmental change on the fish industry. （ D） Guidelines for the responsible use of pesticides. 18 According to the speaker, how do developers contribute to the reduction of amphibian population? （ A） By takin
10、g over ponds. （ B） By constructing sewers. （ C） By building dams on rivers. （ D） By flooding marshes. 19 According to the speaker, how do some pesticides get into ponds? （ A） They are applied to aquatic weeds by fish farming. （ B） Amphibians release them from their skin. （ C） Irresponsible dispose o
11、f them in ponds. （ D） They are washed into ponds by the rain. 20 According to the speaker, why do pesticides pose a threat to amphibians? （ A） Pesticides can cause an amphibians skin to dry out. （ B） Pesticides kill the insects that amphibians depend on for food. （ C） Dissolved pesticides can easily
12、 enter amphibians bodies. （ D） Amphibians may eat plants that have been treated with pesticides. Part C Directions: You will hear a talk. As you listen, answer the questions or complete the notes in your test booklet for Questions 21-30 by writing NOT MORE THAN THREE words in the space provided on t
13、he right. You will hear the talk TWICE. You now have 1 minute to read Questions 21-30. 21 What did the speaker talk about last time? 22 What does the talk mainly concern? 23 What does the speaker refer the activity of any organization to? 24 What does business concern usually do? 25 What advantages
14、does work have? 26 What is behavioral management based on? 27 Why should a manager study behavioral management? 28 According to the speaker, what does a manager have to treat everyone of his staff as? 29 It sounds a bit unscientific that a good manager is_rather than_. 30 Behavioral management is ve
15、ry useful but is not_ like scientific management. 一、 Section II Use of English (15 minutes) Directions: Read the following text and fill each of the numbered spaces with ONE suitable word. Write your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 30 “The more gadgets there are, the【 C1】 _things seem to get.“ said Honor
16、e Ervin, co-author of The Etiquette Girls: Things You Need to Be Told. “ Just because its there【 C2】 _your disposal, doesnt mean you have to use it 24/7.“ A recent【 C3】 _by market research company Synovate showed that 70 percent of 1,000 respondents【 C4】 _the poorest etiquette in cell phone users ov
17、er other devices. The worst habit? Loud phone conversations in public places, or “cell yell,“【 C5】 _to 72 percent of the Americans polled. “ People use【 C6】 _anywhere and everywhere,“ Ervin said.“ At the moviesturn【 C7】 _ your cell phone. I dont want to pay $ 10 to be sitting next to some guy chitch
18、atting to his girlfriend【 C8】 _ his cell phone.“ This rudeness has deteriorated public spaces, according to Lew Friedland, a communication professor 【 C9】 _the University of Wisconsin-Madison. He 【 C10】 _the lack of manners a kind of unconscious rudeness, 【 C11】 _many people are not【 C12】_of what th
19、eyre doing or the others around them. “ I think its really noticeable in any plane, train or bus 【 C13】 _you re subjected against your will【 C14】 _someone elses conversation, “ he said.“ You can listen to intimate details of their uncles illness, problems with their lovers and【 C15】 _they re having
20、for sinner.“ “It【 C16】 _what was a public common space and starts to【 C17】 _it up into small private space.“ A short time ago, if cell phone users【 C18】 _politely asked to talk quietly, they would【 C19】 _ with chagrin, he said. “ Now more and more people are essentially treating you like you don t u
21、nderstand that loud cell phone use is【 C20】_in public. 31 【 C1】 32 【 C2】 33 【 C3】 34 【 C4】 35 【 C5】 36 【 C6】 37 【 C7】 38 【 C8】 39 【 C9】 40 【 C10】 41 【 C11】 42 【 C12】 43 【 C13】 44 【 C14】 45 【 C15】 46 【 C16】 47 【 C17】 48 【 C18】 49 【 C19】 50 【 C20】 Part A Directions: Read the following texts and answer
22、 the questions which accompany them by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 50 Gene therapy and gene based drugs are two ways we could benefit from our growing mastery of genetic science. But there will be others as well. Here is one of the remarkable therapies on the cutting
23、edge of genetic research that could make their way into mainstream medicine in the coming years. While its true that just about every cell in the body has the instructions to make a complete human, most of those instructions are inactivated, and with good reason: the last thing you want for your bra
24、in cells is to start churning out stomach acid or your nose to turn into a kidney. The only time cells truly have the potential to turn into any and all body parts is very early in a pregnancy, when so-called stem cells havent begun to specialize. Yet this untapped potential could be a terrific boon
25、 to medicine. Most diseases involve the death of healthy cells brain cells in Alzheimers, cardiac cells in heart disease, pancreatic cells in diabetes, to name a few; if doctors could isolate stem cells, then direct their growth, they might be able to furnish patients with healthy replacement tissue
26、. It was incredibly difficult, but last fall scientists at the University of Wisconsin managed to isolate stem cells and get them to grow into neural, gut, muscle and bone cells. The process still cant be controlled, and may have unforeseen limitations; but if efforts to understand and master stem c
27、ell development prove successful, doctors will have a therapeutic tool of incredible power. The same applies to cloning, which is really just the other side of the coin. True cloning, as first shown with the sheep Dolly two years ago, involves taking a developed cell and reactivating the genome with
28、in, resetting its developmental instructions to a pristine state. Once that happens, the rejuvenated cell can develop into a full-fledged animal, genetically identical to its parent. For agriculture, in which purely physical characteristics like milk production in a cow or low fat in a hog have real
29、 market value, biological carbon copies could become routine within a few years. This past year scientists have done for mice and cows what Ian Wilmut did for Dolly, and other creatures are bound to join the cloned menagerie in the coming year. Human cloning, on the other hand, may be technically fe
30、asible but legally and emotionally more difficult. Still, one day it will happen. The ability to reset body cells to a pristine, undeveloped state could give doctors exactly the same advantages they would get from stem cells: the potential to make healthy body tissues of all sorts, and thus to cure
31、disease. That could prove to be a true “miracle cure“. 51 The writer holds that the potential to make healthy body tissues will_. （ A） aggravate moral issues of human cloning （ B） bring great benefits to human beings （ C） help scientists decode body instructions （ D） involve employing surgical instr
32、uments 52 The word “rejuvenated“ (Para. 5) most probably means _. （ A） modified （ B） re-collected （ C） classified （ D） reactivated 53 The research at the University of Wisconsin is mentioned to show_. （ A） the isolation of stem cells （ B） the effects of gene therapies （ C） the advantages of human cl
33、oning （ D） the limitations of tissue replacements 54 Which of the following is true according to the text? （ A） The principle of gene therapy is applicable to that of cloning. （ B） The isolation of stem cells is too difficult to be feasible. （ C） It is reasonable for all body instructions to be acti
34、vated. （ D） Cloned animals will eventually take control of the world. 55 Towards the genetic research, the author s attitude can best be said to be that of_. （ A） frustration （ B） indifference （ C） amazement （ D） opposition 55 Earthquake survivors trapped in rubble could one day be saved by an unlik
35、ely rescuer: A robotic caterpillar that burrows its way through debris. Just a few centimeters wide, the robot relies on magnetic fields to propel it through the kind of tiny crevices that would foil the wheeled or tracked search robots currently used to locate people trapped in collapsed buildings.
36、 The caterpillar s inventor, Norihiko Saga of Akita Prefectural University in Japan, will demonstrate his new method of locomotion at a conference on magnetic materials in Seattle. In addition to lights and cameras, a search caterpillar could be equipped with an array of sensors to measure other fac
37、tors such as radioactivity or oxygen levels that could tell human rescuers if an area is safe to enter. The magnetic caterpillar is amazingly simple. It moves by a process similar to peristalsis, the rhythmic contraction that moves food down your intestine. Saga made the caterpillar from a series of
38、 rubber capsules filled with a magnetic fluid consisting of iron particles, water, and a detergent-like surfactant, which reduces the surface tension of the fluid. Each capsule is linked to the next by a pair of rubber rods. The caterpillars guts are wrapped in a clear, flexible polymer tube that pr
39、otects it from the environment. To make the caterpillar move forwards, Saga moves a magnetic field backwards along the caterpillar. Inside the caterpillars “head“ capsule, magnetic fluid surges towards the attractive magnetic field, causing the capsule to bulge out to the sides and draw its front an
40、d rear portions up. As the magnetic field passes to the next capsule, the first breaks free and springs forward and the next capsule bunches up. In this way, the caterpillar can reach speeds of 4 centimeters per second as it crawls along. Moving the magnetic field faster can make it traverse the cat
41、erpillar before all the capsules have sprung back to their original shapes. The segments then all spring back, almost but not quite simultaneously. Saga plans to automate the movement of the caterpillar by placing electromagnets at regular intervals along the inside of its polymer tube. By phasing t
42、he current flow to the electromagnets, hell be able to control it wirelessly via remote control. He also needs to find a new type of rubber for the magnetic capsules, because the one hes using at the minute eventually begins to leak. But crawling is not the most efficient form of locomotion for robo
43、ts, says Robert Full of the University of California at Berkeley, an expert in animal motion who occasionally advises robotics designers. “If you look at the energetic cost of crawling, compared to walking, swimming or flying, crawling is very expensive,“ he says. Walking, on the other every step, e
44、nergy is conserved in the foot and then released to help the foot spring up. Saga acknowledges this inefficiency but says his caterpillar is far more stable than one that walks, rolls on wheels or flies. It has no moving parts save for a few fluid-filled rubber capsules. Biped robots and wheeled rob
45、ots require a smooth surface and are difficult to miniaturize, and flying robots have too many moving parts. “My peristaltic crawling robot is simple and it works,“ he says. 56 From this passage, we can learn that_. （ A） a robotic caterpillar can crawl by a pair of rubber rods （ B） when a caterpilla
46、r moves, the magnetic field moves backwards along it （ C） the environment couldnt influence a robotic caterpillar s guts, which are wrapped in a capsule （ D） crawling is very stable and efficient, and when it moves, only a few elements are needed 57 According to this passage, which is not true about
47、 the construction of the robotic caterpillar? （ A） A robotic caterpillar is made from a series of rubber capsules filled with a magnetic fluid. （ B） Iron particles, water, and a detergent-like surfactant form a magnetic fluid. （ C） Each capsule filled with a magnetic fluid is linked to the next by a
48、 pair of rubber rods. （ D） In order to keep stable condition, the caterpillar s guts are wrapped in a clear, flexible polymer tube. 58 The meaning of the word “peristalsis“ in Paragraph 3 is similar to_. （ A） swimming （ B） flying （ C） crawling （ D） walking 59 Comparing the robotic caterpillar and th
49、e other robots, which of the following is not true? （ A） A smooth surface is indispensable to biped robots and wheeled robots. （ B） Flying robots are very inconvenient when moving, because they have too many moving parts. （ C） The robotic caterpillar only has rubber capsules filled with a magnetic fluid. （ D） It s incapable for wheeled robots to locate trapped people because they are impossible to miniaturize
