1、国家公共英语（五级）笔试模拟试卷 187及答案与解析 Part A Directions: You will hear a talk. As you listen, answer Questions 1-10 by circling TRUE or FALSE. You will hear the talk ONLY ONCE. You now have 1 minute to read Questions 1-10. 1 The recent social and economic changes in the US have great impact on all the American
2、 housing system. （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE 2 One out of four married couples have got divorced in America. （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE 3 The change in family size has affected the size of houses needed. （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE 4 In many areas of the US, people would rather rent an apartment than buy a house. （ A）
3、TRUE （ B） FALSE 5 People form cooperatives to spend less money on houses. （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE 6 People move back to cities because they want to be closer to their offices. （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE 7 Living underground can help reduce the cost of heating and lighting. （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE 8 Inflation ha
4、s made the interest on housing loans 18% higher than before. （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE 9 Unemployment in housing industry and depression in housing market result from social and economic changes. （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE 10 Mobile houses are built in order to lower the cost. （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE Part B Direc
5、tions: You will hear 3 conversations or talks and you must answer the questions by choosing A, B, C or D. You will hear the recording ONLY ONCE. 11 Where is population growth happening? （ A） In all countries in the world. （ B） In only a few countries. （ C） In most countries. （ D） Mainly in developed
6、 countries. 12 Which of the following is true according to the talk? （ A） There has been a slower population growth in the past ten years. （ B） The worlds birth rate is higher than ten years ago. （ C） Families are as large as before. （ D） Birth control has been carried out well all over the world. 1
7、3 Why may it happen in the future that people working in Europe will have to pay much higher taxes? （ A） Because more and more children will be given birth. （ B） Because they will earn more money. （ C） Because they will have higher living standards. （ D） Because the number of retired people will bec
8、ome even larger. 14 Which of the following statements about the telephone of the future is NOT true? （ A） It will be much more complex than the telephone we use today. （ B） It will be more convenient to use than todays telephone. （ C） You will be able to dial great distances. （ D） There will be no b
9、usy lines. 15 The screens of televisions of the future will_. （ A） become screens of movie theaters （ B） become as large as walls in home （ C） have no change （ D） become smaller 16 What will happen to the programs of televisions of the future? （ A） All TV sets can receive some programs without payin
10、g money in a certain area. （ B） You may pay for some special programs if you like. （ C） If you are interested in a certain subject, you may borrow some video tapes about it. （ D） All of the above. 17 Who is the speaker? （ A） A poet. （ B） A teacher. （ C） A student. （ D） An artist. 18 What was the dis
11、cussion topic of the previous class meeting? （ A） New England mystery stories. （ B） Eighteenth-century English criticism. （ C） A comparison of poems of Dickinson and Whitman. （ D） The poems of Walt Whitman. 19 How did Emily Dickinson differ from Walt Whitman? （ A） She published poems frequently. （ B
12、） She seldom left home. （ C） She lived in an earlier era. （ D） She spoke a different language. 20 What will the class do now? （ A） Hear another report. （ B） Discuss one of Emily Dickinsons poems. （ C） Hear a lecture given by the teacher. （ D） Discuss poems they have written themselves. Part C Direct
13、ions: You will hear a talk. As you listen, answer the questions or complete the notes in your test booklet for Questions 21-30 by writing NOT MORE THAN THREE words in the space provided on the right. You will hear the talk TWICE. You now have 1 minute to read Questions 21-30. 21 Whats the average in
14、crease per year of foreign student population in the period between 1985 and 1990 in terms of percentage? 22 Which area of the world contributed to an increase between 94/95 and 95/96? 23 When will the speaker talk about the economic and political changes? 24 What will the speaker discuss first? 25
15、According to the figure of the academic year 1995/96, where do the largest number of foreign students come from? 26 Whats the number of students from Malaysia? 27 Which is the most popular major of study? 28 Whats the percentage of students in business and management? 29 In terms of academic levels,
16、 in which level do we find the smallest number? 30 In brief, what did the speaker talk about? 一、 Section II Use of English (15 minutes) Directions: Read the following text and fill each of the numbered spaces with ONE suitable word. Write your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 30 “The more gadgets there ar
17、e, the【 C1】 _things seem to get. “ said Honore Ervin, co-author of The Etiquette Girls: Things You Need to Be Told. “ Just because it s there【 C2】 _your disposal, doesn t mean you have to use it 24/7. “ A recent【 C3】 _by market research company Synovate showed that 70 percent of 1, 000 respondents【
18、C4】 _the poorest etiquette in cell phone users over other devices. The worst habit? Loud phone conversations in public places, or “ cell yell, “【 C5】 _to 72 percent of the Americans polled. “ People use【 C6】 _anywhere and everywhere, “ Ervin said. “ At the moviesturn【 C7】 _ your cell phone. I dont w
19、ant to pay $ 10 to be sitting next to some guy chitchatting to his girlfriend【 C8】 _ his cell phone. “ This rudeness has deteriorated public spaces, according to Lew Friedland, a communication professor【 C9】 _the University of Wisconsin-Madison. He【 C10】 _the lack of manners a kind of unconscious ru
20、deness, 【 C11】 _many people are not【 C12】_of what they re doing or the others around them. “ I think it s really noticeable in any plane, train or bus【 C13】 _you re subjected against your will【 C14】 _someone else s conversation, “ he said. “You can listen to intimate details of their uncle s illness
21、, problems with their lovers and【 C15】 _they re having for sinner. “ “ It【 C16】 _what was a public common space and starts to【 C17】 _it up into small private space. A short time ago, if cell phone users【 C18】 _politely asked to talk quietly, they would【 C19】 _ with chagrin, he said. “ Now more and m
22、ore people are essentially treating you like you don t understand that loud cell phone use is【 C20】_in public. 31 【 C1】 32 【 C2】 33 【 C3】 34 【 C4】 35 【 C5】 36 【 C6】 37 【 C7】 38 【 C8】 39 【 C9】 40 【 C10】 41 【 C11】 42 【 C12】 43 【 C13】 44 【 C14】 45 【 C15】 46 【 C16】 47 【 C17】 48 【 C18】 49 【 C19】 50 【 C20
23、】 Part A Directions: Read the following texts and answer the questions which accompany them by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 50 In a three-month period last year, two Brooklynites had to be cut out of their apartments and carried to hospital on stretchers designed for t
24、ransporting small whales. The National Association to Advance Fat Acceptance(NAAFA)argues that it was not their combined 900kg bulk that made them ill. Obesity, according to NAAFA, is not bad for you. And, even if it was, there is nothing to be done about it, because genes dictate weight. Attempting
25、 to eat less merely slows metabolism, having people as chubby as ever. This is the fatlash movement that causes America s slimming industry so much pain. In his book Bin Fat Lies(Ballantine, 19%), Glenn Gaesser says that no study yet has convincingly shown that weight is an independent cause of heal
26、th problems. Fatness does not kill people; things like hypertension, coronary heart diseases and cancer do. Michael Fumento, author of The Fat of the Land(Viking, 1997), an anti-fatlash diatribe, compares Dr Gaesser s logic with saying that the guillotine did not kill Louis XVI: Rather, it was the s
27、evering of his vertebrae, the cutting of all the blood vessels in his neck, and. the trauma caused by his head dropping several feet into a wicker basket. Being fat kills in several ways. It makes people far more likely to suffer from heart disease or high blood pressure. Even moderate obesity incre
28、ases the chance of contracting diabetes. Being 40% overweight makes people 30% 50% more likely to die of cancer, according to the American Cancer Society. Extreme fatness makes patients so much less likely to survive surgery that many doctors refuse to operate until they slim. The idea that being ov
29、erweight is caused by obesity genes is not wholly false: researchers have found a number of genes that appear to make some people burn off energy at a slower rate. But genes are not destiny. The difference between someone with a genetic predisposition to gain weight and someone without appears to be
30、 roughly 40 calories or a spoonful of mayonnaise a day. An alternative fatlash argument, advanced in books such as Dean Onrush s Eat More, Weight Less(Harper Collies, 1993)and Date Atrens s Don t Diet(William Morrow, 1978), is that fatness is not a matter of eating too much. They note that as Americ
31、ans weight has ballooned over the last few decades, their reported caloric intake has plunged. This simply explains people s own recollection of how much they eat is extremely unreliable. And as they grow fatter, people feel guilty and are more likely to fib about how much they eat. All reputable st
32、udies show that eating less and exercising reduce weight. Certainly, the body s metabolism slows a little when you lose weight, because it takes less energy to carry less bulk around, and because dieting can make the body fear it is about to starve. But a sensible low-fat diet makes weight loss poss
33、ible. The fatlash movement is dangerous, because slimmers will often find any excuse to give up. To tell people that it is healthy to be obese is to encourage them to live sick and die young. 51 The two Brooklynites in the first paragraph were_. （ A） members of the NAAFA （ B） typical victims of over
34、weight （ C） members of the “fatlash“ movement （ D） proof that the fatlash movement is gaining strength 52 The National Association to Advance Fat Acceptance holds that_. （ A） fat people should try to lose weight （ B） eating less is harmful to people s health （ C） fat people were born that way （ D） o
35、besity is good for people 53 What can be concluded according to the author s view of the “obesity genes“ ? （ A） People with a genetic inclination to gain weight can slim. （ B） People who are born fat will remain that way all life. （ C） All efforts to lose weight will prove fruitless. （ D） Fat people
36、 can live a very happy life, too. 54 The word “fib“ in the fourth sentence of Paragraph 5, probably means_. （ A） to tell the truth （ B） to reduce （ C） to increase （ D） to tell a small lie 55 Which of the following statements is true? （ A） Americans caloric intake has dropped over the last few decade
37、s. （ B） Many people who try to lose weight give up half way. （ C） Americans are always aware of how much they eat. （ D） Obesity does no harm to people s health. 55 The issue of online privacy in the Internet age found new urgency following the Sept. 11 terrorist attacks, sparking debate over strikin
38、g the correct balance between protecting civil liberties and attempting to prevent another tragic terrorist act. While preventing terrorism certainly is of paramount importance, privacy rights should not be deemed irrelevant. In response to the attacks, Congress quickly passed legislation that inclu
39、ded provisions expanding rights of investigators to intercept wire, oral and electronic communications of alleged hackers and terrorists. Civil liberties groups expressed concerns over the provisions and urged caution in ensuring that efforts to protect our nation do not result in broad government a
40、uthority to erode privacy rights of U. S. citizens. Nevertheless, causing further concern to civil liberties groups, the Department of Justice proposed exceptions to the attorney-client privilege. On Oct. 30, Attorney General John Ashcroft approved an interim agency rule that would permit federal pr
41、ison authorities to monitor wire and electronic communications between lawyers and their clients in federal custody, including those who have been detained but not charged with any crime, whenever surveillance is deemed necessary to prevent violence or terrorism. In light of this broadening effort t
42、o reach into communications that were previously believed to be “off-limits“, the issue of online privacy is now an even more pressing concern. Congress has taken some legislative steps toward ensuring online privacy, including the Children s Online Privacy Protection Act, and provided privacy prote
43、ctions for certain sectors through legislation such as the Financial Services Modernization Act. The legislation passed to date does not, however, provide a statutory scheme for protecting general online consumer privacy. Lacking definitive federal law, some states passed their own measures. But muc
44、h of this legislation is incomplete or not enforced. Moreover, it becomes unworkable when states create different privacy standards; the Internet does not know geographic boundaries, and companies and individuals cannot be expected to comply with differing, and at times conflicting, privacy rules. A
45、n analysis earlier this year of 751 U. S. and international Web sites conducted by Consumers International found that most sites collect personal information but fail to tell consumers how that data will be used, how security is maintained and what rights consumers have over their own information. A
46、t a minimum, Congress should pass legislation requiring Web sites to display privacy policies prominently, inform consumers of the methods employed to collect client data, allow customers to opt out of such data collection, and provide customer access to their own data that has already been collecte
47、d. Although various Internet privacy bills were introduced in the 107th Congress, the focus shifted to expanding government surveillance in the wake of the terrorist attacks. Plainly, government efforts to prevent terrorism are appropriate. Exactly how these exigent circumstances change the nature o
48、f the online privacy debate is still to be seen. 56 Concerning the protection of privacy and increased surveillance of communication, the author seems to insist on_. （ A） the priority of the former action （ B） the execution of the latter at the expense of the former （ C） tightening both policies at
49、the same time （ D） a balance between the two actions 57 The author implies in the second paragraph that_. （ A） the proposal of the Department of Justice is unjustified （ B） surveillance of any suspect communication is necessary （ C） civil liberties groups should not have shown such great concern （ D） exceptions should be made in intercepting communications 58 In the eyes of the author, the Financial Service Modernization Act_
