1、国家公共英语（五级）笔试模拟试卷 33及答案与解析 Part A Directions: You will hear a talk. As you listen, answer Questions 1-10 by circling TRUE or FALSE. You will hear the talk ONLY ONCE. You now have 1 minute to read Questions 1-10. 1 Readers used to visit the British Library to borrow sound recordings. （ A） Right （ B） W
2、rong 2 Digitisation project is started to make archived sound recording of the Library available to content a broader community. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 3 10 specific areas are chosen for digitisation. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 4 The total amount of time of the archived recordings is 55,000 hours. （ A） Ri
3、ght （ B） Wrong 5 The digitisation process is actually undertaken by an in-house team. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 6 The finished product will be mounted on the web. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 7 The material to be digitised is nearly as much as 10% of the total. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 8 The British Library is do
4、ing digitisation in other areas. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 9 Only authenticated users will be able to listen to the licensed ASR material on-site. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 10 The material will be promoted mainly by a press office. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong Part B Directions: You will hear 3 conversations or ta
5、lks and you must answer the questions by choosing A, B, C or D. You will hear the recording ONLY ONCE. 11 What kind of animals is Anna asked to look after? （ A） Rabbits. （ B） Birds. （ C） Cats. （ D） Dogs. 12 What does Peter want Anna to doe _. （ A） To keep the cat for a long lime. （ B） To buy a box o
6、f cat food. （ C） To wash the animals every day. （ D） To feed the animals. 13 When Anna heard that one of the animals was going to deliver she was _. （ A） happy. （ B） worried. （ C） angry. （ D） gloomy. 14 What is the reason given for using less sugar? （ A） For the sake of our eyes. （ B） For the sake o
7、f hair. （ C） For the sake of our livers. （ D） For the sake of our weight. 15 Which of the following attacks the tooth itself? （ A） Acid. （ B） Saliva. （ C） Carbohydrates. （ D） Plaque. 16 The speaker suggests choosing snacks carefully for _. （ A） an accurate information. （ B） an inaccurate statement.
8、（ C） an inaccurate information. （ D） an accurate statement. 17 What does the conversation mainly discuss? （ A） How to care for precious metals. （ B） A standard unit for measuring weight. （ C） The value of precious metals. （ D） Using the metric system. 18 How was the weight used? （ A） To check the ac
9、curacy of scales. （ B） To calculate the density of other metals. （ C） To observe changes in the atmosphere. （ D） To measure amounts of rainfall. 19 Why was it necessary to replace the old standard weight? （ A） Someone spilled water on it. （ B） Someone lost it. （ C） It was made of low quality metal.
10、（ D） The standard for measuring had changed. 20 What does Dr. Smith probably think about the cost of the new weight? （ A） It is a small amount to pay for so much precious metal. （ B） It is difficult to judge the value of such an object. （ C） It is reasonable for an object with such an important func
11、tion. （ D） It is too high for such a light weight. Part C Directions: You will hear a talk. As you listen, answer the questions or complete the notes in your test booklet for Questions 21-30 by writing NOT MORE THAN THREE words in the space provided on the right. You will hear the talk TWICE. You no
12、w have 1 minute to read Questions 21-30. 21 How long did the debate last? 22 Does Mr. Shmankie believe that, in order to get best teachers, salaries should be raised? 23 When did the debate take place? 24 Mr. Shmankie said that homeless people in this city might _. 25 Ms. Porter does agree that the
13、government money can solve _. 26 Ms. Porter thinks that the education is not the same _. 27 Does Ms. Porter believe that job training and affordable housing will help the homeless? 28 Who believes that schools should be run like a successful business? 29 Who said that 56% of the poor and elderly cou
14、ld not afford to live in the city? 30 What are the three topics to debate? 一、 Section II Use of English (15 minutes) Directions: Read the following text and fill each of the numbered spaces with ONE suitable word. Write your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 31 If your waist is expanding, so (31) your chan
15、ces of coming down with diabetes, even if you think youre (32) young to get sick. Researchers have found that extreme obesity raises the risk of the disease to levels usually faced only by older people. But theres hope for fat people (33) about their health. “Even a loss of just 10 15 pounds can mak
16、e a big (34) in their risk for developing diabetes or improving the diabetes that theyve developed“, Hillier says. Type II diabetes, in (35) the body either doesnt make enough insulin to regulate blood sugar (36) cant properly handle the insulin it does make, generally has (37) considered a disease
17、of senior citizens, especially people over 50. But rates of Type II, which (38) up 95 percent of the diabetes cases, skyrocketed (39) the 1990s among young people, even teenagers. Experts estimate the rates went up by 70 percent among people (40) 30 39. Type II diabetes usually (41) be controlled by
18、 with diet and exercise, (42) sufferers also may need drugs. (43) seems to cause diabetes in two ways, says Dr. Larry Wu, a family physician in Durham, N.C. First, obese people usually arent active, which means that glucose, or blood sugar, remains in the blood-stream (44) of going to muscles where
19、its needed during exercise. In this (45), it does damage to multiple areas, (46) the eyes, the kidneys, the blood vessels and the nerves. (47), people with lots of fat tissue become more resistant to insulin, which pushes glucose (48) of the blood stream, he says. A recent study found modest weight
20、(49) and modest exercise30 minutes of walking a daycan dramatically (50) the risk of Type diabetes. Part A Directions: Read the following texts and answer the questions which accompany them by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 51 Survey results indicate that smoking and alc
21、ohol and marijuana use increased among residents of Manhattan during the 5 8 weeks after the terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center winch took place on September 11, 2001. Almost one-third of the nearly 1,000 persons interviewed reported an increased use of alcohol, marijuana, or cigarettes fol
22、lowing the September 11th attacks. The largest increase was in alcohol use. About one-fourth of the respondents said they were drinking more alcohol in the weeks after September 11; about 10% reported an increase in smoking, and 3.2% said they had increased their use of marijuana. The investigators
23、found survey participants by randomly dialing New York City phone numbers and screened potential respondents for Manhattan residents living in areas close to the World Trade Center. Interviews were conducted with 988 individuals between October 16 and November 15, 2001. Participants were asked about
24、 their cigarette smoking, alcohol drinking, and marijuana use habits before and after September 11. During the week prior to September 11, 2001, 22.6% of the participants reported smoking cigarettes, 59.1% drinking alcohol, and 4.4% using marijuana. After September 11th, 23.4% reported smoking cigar
25、ettes, 64.4% drinking alcohol, and 5.7% smoking marijuana. Among those who smoked, almost 10% reported smoking at least an extra pack of cigarettes a week and among those who drank alcohol, more than 20% reported imbibing at least one extra drink a day. The researchers found that people who reported
26、 an increase in substance abuse were more likely to suffer from post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and from depression. People who reported an increase in cigarette smoking or marijuana use were also more likely to have both PTSD and depression, while those who reported an increase in alcohol use
27、 were more likely to have depression only. Persons who were living closer to the World Trade Center were more likely to increase their cigarette smoking, but other factors such as being displaced from home, losing possessions during the attacks, or being involved in the rescue efforts were not consi
28、stently associated with increased substance use. Symptoms of panic attack were associated with an increase in the use of all substances. Increase in substance abuse did not differ significantly between men and women or among racial or ethnic groups. Demographic factors such as age, marital status, a
29、nd income seemed to play a more critical role in determining if the events of September 11th led to an increase in substance use. 51 The survey results suggest that the largest increase in substance use should be _. （ A） alcohol. （ B） marijuana. （ C） cigarettes. （ D） cocaine. 52 The people who took
30、part in the survey were _. （ A） randomly selected United States citizens. （ B） randomly selected New York City citizens. （ C） randomly selected Manhattan residents who live close to the World Trade Center. （ D） randomly selected American citizens who witnessed the terrorist attack. 53 The author is
31、trying to show that _. （ A） use of substances may vary from time to time. （ B） abuse of certain substances is harmful for health. （ C） the attack of September 11th has left incurable harm to peoples mental health. （ D） terrorist attack increased anxiety and sense of insecurity among residents. 54 Wh
32、at can be said about substance abuse after September 11? （ A） People who reported an increase in alcohol use were more likely to have PTSD. （ B） People who were living closer to World Trade Center were most likely to increase cigarette smoking. （ C） Displacement from home and involvement in rescue e
33、fforts were consistently associated with increased substance use. （ D） Symptoms of panic attach were unrelated with increased use of substances. 55 What can be inferred from the last paragraph? （ A） Demographic information such as gender, race and marital status was not collected. （ B） Gender and ra
34、ce do not have much effect on the amount of substance abuse. （ C） Age and marital status do not make any difference on substance abuse. （ D） Income is a better predictor of substance abuse than age. 56 Before a big exam, a sound nights sleep will do you more good than poring over textbooks. That, at
35、 least, is the folk wisdom. And science, in the form of behavioral psychology, supports that wisdom. But such behavioral studies cannot distinguish between two competing theories of why sleep is good for the memory. One says that sleep is when permanent memories form. The other says that they are ac
36、tually formed during the day, but then “edited“ at night, to flush away what is superfluous. To tell the difference, it is necessary to look into the brain of a sleeping person, and that is hard. But after a decade of painstaking work, a team led by Pierre Maquet at Liege University in Belgium has m
37、anaged to do it. The particular stage of sleep in which the Belgian group is interested in is rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, when brain and body are active, heart rate and blood pressure increase, the eyes move back and forth behind the eyelids as if watching a movie, and brainwave traces resemble
38、those of wakefulness. It is during this period of sleep that people are most likely to relive events of the previous day in dreams. Dr. Maquet used an electronic device called PET to study the brains of people as they practiced a task daring the day, and as they slept during the following night. The
39、 task required them to press a button as fast as possible, in response to a light coming on in one of six positions. As they learnt how to do this, their response times got faster. What they did not know was that the appearance of the lights sometimes followed a patternwhat is referred to as “artifi
40、cial grammar“. Yet the reductions in response time showed that they learnt faster when the pattern was present than when there was not. What is more, those with more to learn (i.e., the “grammar“, as well as the mechanical task of pushing the button) have more active brains. The “editing“ theory wou
41、ld not predict that, since the number of irrelevant stimuli would be the same in each case. And to eliminate any doubts that the experimental subjects were learning as opposed to unlearning, their response times when they woke up were even quicker than when they went to sleep. The team, therefore, c
42、oncluded that the nerve connections involved in memory are reinforced through reactivation during REM sleep, particularly if the brain detects an inherent structure in the material being learnt. So now, on the eve of that crucial test, maths students can sleep soundly in the knowledge that what they
43、 will remember the next day are the basic rules of algebra and not the incoherent talk from the radio next door. 56 Researchers in behavioral psychology are divided with regard to _. （ A） how dreams are modified in their courses. （ B） the difference between sleep and wakefulness. （ C） why sleep is o
44、f great benefit to memory. （ D） the functions of a good nights sleep. 57 As manifested in the experimental study, rapid eye movement is characterized by _. （ A） intensely active brainwave traces. （ B） subjects quicker response times. （ C） complicated memory patterns. （ D） revival of events in the pr
45、evious day. 58 By referring to the artificial grammar, the author intends to show _. （ A） its significance in the study. （ B） an inherent pattern being learnt. （ C） its resemblance to the lights. （ D） the importance of nights sleep. 59 In their study, researchers led by Pierre Maquet took advantage
46、of the technique of _. （ A） exposing a long-held folk wisdom. （ B） clarifying the predictions on dreams. （ C） making contrasts and comparisons. （ D） correlating effects with their causes. 60 What advice might Maquet give to those who have a crucial test the next day? （ A） Memorizing grammar with gre
47、at efforts. （ B） Studying textbooks with close attention. （ C） Having their brain images recorded. （ D） Enjoying their sleep at night soundly. 61 When a disease of epidemic proportions rips into the populace, scientists immediately get to work, trying to locate the source of the affliction and find
48、ways to combat it. Oftentimes, success is achieved, as medical science is able to isolate the parasite, germ or cell that causes the problem and finds ways to effectively kill or contain it. In the most serious of cases, in which the entire population of a region or country may be at grave risk, it
49、is deemed necessary to protect the entire population through vaccination, so as to safeguard lives and ensure that the disease will not spread. The process of vaccination allows the patients body to develop immunity to the virus or disease so that, if it is encountered, one can ward it off naturally. To accomplish this, a small weak or dead strain of the disease is actually injected into the patient in a controlled environment, so that his bodys immune system can learn to fight the invader properl
