1、国家公共英语（四级）笔试模拟试卷 115及答案与解析 PART A Directions: For Questions 1-5, you will hear a conversation. While you listen, fill out the table with the information you have heard. Some of the information has been given to you in the table. Write only 1 word in each numbered box. You will hear the recording twi
2、ce. You now have 25 seconds to read the table below. 1 PART B Directions: For Questions 6-10, you will hear a passage. Use not more than 3 words for each answer. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the sentences and the questions below. 6 Two of the most vital function
3、s performed in any economy are _6 7 The concept of saving is said to be at least as old as _7_ 8 The two ways individuals use income are _8_ 9 If too much is spent, the economys capacity to produce will _9_ 10 There is reason for companies to invest only when people _10_ PART C Directions: You will
4、hear three dialogues or monologues. Before listening to each one, you will have 5 seconds to read each of the questions which accompany it. While listening, answer each question by choosing A, B, C or D. After listening, you will have 10 seconds to check your answer to each question. You will hear e
5、ach piece ONLY ONCE. 11 Who is the official nominee for President of the Democratic party? （ A） Senator Edward. （ B） Senator Hillary. （ C） John kerry. （ D） George Bush. 12 Where is the first stop of the presidential candidates Kerry and Edwards? （ A） Boston. （ B） Massachusetts. （ C） Pennsylvania. （
6、D） New York. 13 The Republic party convention opens in_. （ A） Missouri （ B） Springfield （ C） West Virginia （ D） New York City 14 Which one of the following is not mentioned by Kerry? （ A） Iraq war. （ B） Economy. （ C） Health care. （ D） Gay marriage. 15 How many years has John Kerry served in the Sena
7、te? （ A） Ten years. （ B） Twenty years. （ C） Fifteen years. （ D） Nineteen years. 16 Others who spoke at the Democratic convention included but_. （ A） Jimmy Carter （ B） Bill Clinton （ C） A1 Core （ D） Powell 17 Why did the woman want to complain about the noise? （ A） The refrigerator was too old. （ B）
8、People dance after 10:00 at night. （ C） The apartment manager didnt care about it at all. （ D） The music was far too loud. 18 What gives off the pungent odor next door? （ A） Cooking. （ B） Wet paint. （ C） Domestic animals. （ D） Chemicals. 19 What does the manager guess about the second noise the woma
9、n complains? （ A） Rock music. （ B） Military exercises. （ C） Animals. （ D） Fights between people. 20 The managers attitude toward the complaints can be described as_. （ A） responsible （ B） indifferent （ C） ridiculous （ D） composed 一、 Section II Use of English (15 minutes) Directions: Read the followi
10、ng text. Choose the best word for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. 20 For many people today, reading, is no longer relaxation. To keep up their work they must read letters, reports, trade publications, interoffice communications, not to mention newspapers and magazines: a
11、 never-ending flood of words. In 【 21】 _ a job or advancing in one, the ability to read and comprehend 【 22】 _ can mean the difference between success and failure. Yet the unfortunate fact is that most of us are 【 23】 _ readers. Most of us develop poor reading 【 24】 _ at an early age, and never get
12、over them. The main deficiency 【 25】 _ in the actual stuff of language itself words. Taken individually, words have 【 26】 _ meaning until they are strung together into phraseds, sentences and paragraphs 【 27】 _ , however, the untrained reader does not read groups of wor. He laboriously reads one wor
13、d at a time, often regressing to 【 28】 _ words or passages. Regression, the tendency to look back over 【 29】 _ you have just read, is a common bad habit in reading. Another habit which 【 30】 _ down the speed of reading is vocalization sounding each word either orally or mentally as 【 31】 _ reads. To
14、 overcome these bad habits, some reading clinics use a device called an 【 32】_ , which moves a bar (or curtain) down the page at a predetermined speed. The bar is set at a slightly faster rate 【 33】 _ the reader finds comfortable, in order to “stretch“ him. The accelerator forces the reader to read
15、fast, 【 34】 _ word-by-word reading, regression and subvocalization, practically impossible. At first 【 35】_ is sacrificed for speed. But when you learn to read ideas and concepts, you will not only read faster, 【 36】 _ your comprehension will improve. Many people have found 【 37】 _ reading skill dra
16、stically improved after some training. 【 38】 _ Charlce Au, a business manager, for instance, his reading rate was a reasonably good 172 words a minute 【 39】 _ the training, now it is an excellent 1,378 words a minute. He is delighted that how he can 【 40】 _ a lot more reading material in a short per
17、iod of time. 21 【 21】 （ A） applying （ B） doing （ C） offering （ D） getting 22 【 22】 （ A） quickly （ B） easily （ C） roughly （ D） decidedly 23 【 23】 （ A） good （ B） curious （ C） poor （ D） urgent 24 【 24】 （ A） training （ B） habits （ C） situations （ D） custom 25 【 25】 （ A） lies （ B） combines （ C） touches （
18、 D） involves 26 【 26】 （ A） some （ B） a lot （ C） little （ D） dull 27 【 27】 （ A） Fortunately （ B） In fact （ C） Logically （ D） Unfortunately 28 【 28】 （ A） reuse （ B） reread （ C） rewrite （ D） recite 29 【 29】 （ A） what （ B） which （ C） that （ D） if 30 【 30】 （ A） scales （ B） cuts （ C） slows （ D） measures 3
19、1 【 31】 （ A） some one （ B） one （ C） he （ D） reader 32 【 32】 （ A） accelerator （ B） actor （ C） amplifier （ D） observer 33 【 33】 （ A） then （ B） as （ C） beyond （ D） than 34 【 34】 （ A） enabling （ B） leading （ C） making （ D） indicating 35 【 35】 （ A） meaning （ B） comprehension （ C） gist （ D） regression 36
20、【 36】 （ A） but （ B） nor （ C） or （ D） for 37 【 37】 （ A） our （ B） your （ C） their （ D） such a 38 【 38】 （ A） Look at （ B） Take （ C） Make （ D） Consider 39 【 39】 （ A） for （ B） in （ C） after （ D） before 40 【 40】 （ A） master （ B） go over （ C） present （ D） get through Part B Directions: Read the following f
21、our texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D . Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 40 A great deal of attention is being paid today to the so called digital divide the division of the world into the info(information) rich and the info poor. And that divide does exist tod
22、ay. My wife and I lectured about this looming danger twenty years ago. What was less visible then, however, were the new, positive forces that work against the digital divide. There are reasons to be optimistic. There are technological reasons to hope the digital divide will narrow. As the Internet
23、becomes more and more commercialized, it is in the interest of business to universalize access after all, the more people online, the more potential customers there are. More and more governments, afraid their countries will be left behind, want to spread Internet access. Within the next decade or t
24、wo, one to two billion people on the planet will be netted together. As a result, I. now believe the digital divide will narrow rather than widen in the years ahead. And that is very good news because the Internet may well be the most powerful tool for combating world poverty that weve ever had. Of
25、course ,the use of the Internet isnt the only way to defeat poverty. And the Internet is not the only tool we have. But it has enormous potential. To take advantage of this tool, some impoverished countries will have to get over their outdated anti-colonial prejudices with respect to foreign investm
26、ent. Countries that still think foreign investment is an invasion of their sovereignty might well study the history of infrastructure (the basic structural foundations of a society)in the United States. When the United States built its industrial infrastructure, it didnt have the capital to do so. A
27、nd that is why Americas Second Wave infrastructure- including roads, harbors, highways, ports and so on were built with foreign investment. The English, the Germans, the Dutch and the French were investing in Britains former colony. They financed them. Immigrant Americans built them. Guess who owns
28、them now? The Americans. I believe the same thing would be true in places like Brazil or anywhere else for that matter. The more foreign capital you have helping you build your Third Wave infrastructure, which today is an electronic infrastructure, the better off youre going to be. That doesnt mean
29、lying down and becoming fooled, or letting foreign corporations run uncontrolled. But it does mean recognizing how important they can be in building the energy and telecom infrastructures needed to take full advantage of the Internet. 41 Digital divide is something_. （ A） getting worse because of th
30、e Internet （ B） the rich countries are responsible for （ C） the world must guard against （ D） considered positive today 42 Governments attach importance to the Internet because it_. （ A） offers economic potentials （ B） can bring foreign funds （ C） can soon wipe out world poverty （ D） connects people
31、 all over the world 43 The writer mentioned the case of the United States to justify the policy of_. （ A） providing financial support overseas （ B） preventing foreign capitals control （ C） building industrial infrastructure （ D） utilizing foreign investment 44 It seems that now a countrys economy de
32、pends much on _. （ A） how well developed it is electronically （ B） whether it is prejudiced against immigrants （ C） whether it adopts Americas industrial pattern （ D） how much control it has over foreign corporations 45 Whats the authors attitude towards foreign investment? （ A） It is an invasion of
33、 independent countrys sovereignty. （ B） It should be encouraged to help finance infrastructure construction. （ C） It is a double-edge sward. （ D） It is the best tool to boost national economy. 45 Specialization can be seen as a response to the problem of an increasing accumulation of scientific know
34、ledge. By splitting up the subject matter into smaller units, one man could continue to handle the information and use it as the basis for further research. But specialization was only one of a series of related developments in science affecting the process of communication. Another was the growing
35、professionalisation of scientific activity. No clear-cut distinction can be drawn between professionals and amateurs in salience: exceptions can be found to any role. Nevertheless, the word amateur does carry a connotation that the person concerned is not fully integrated into the scientific communi
36、ty and, in particular, may not fully share its values. The growth of specialization in the nineteenth century, with its consequent requirement of a longer, more complex training, implied greater problems for amateur participation in science. The trend was naturally most obvious in those areas of sci
37、ence based especially on a mathematical or laboratory training, and can be illustrated in terms of the development of geology in the United Kingdom. A comparison of British geological publications over the last century and a haft reveals not simply an increasing emphasis on the primacy of research,
38、but also a changing definition of what constitutes an acceptable research paper. Thus, in the nineteenth century, local geological studies represented worthwhile research in their own right; but in the twentieth century, local studies have increasingly become acceptable to professionals only if they
39、 incorporate, and reflect on, the wider geological picture. Amateurs, on the other hand, have continued to pursue local studies in the old way. The overall result has been to make entrance to professional geological journals harder for amateurs, a result that has been reinforced by the widespread in
40、troduction of refereeing, first by national journals in the nineteenth century and then by several local geological journals in the twentieth century. As a logical consequence of this development, separate journals have now appeared aimed mainly towards either professional or amateur readership. A r
41、ather similar process of differentiation has led to professional geologists coming together nationally within one or two specific societies, whereas the amateurs have tended either to remain in local societies or to come together nationally in a different way. Although the process of professionalisa
42、tion and specialization was already well under way in British geology during the nineteenth century, its full consequences were thus delayed until the twentieth century. In science generally, however, the nineteenth century must be reckoned as the crucial period for this change in the structure of s
43、cience. 46 The growth of specialization in the 19th century might be more clearly seen in sciences such as_. （ A） sociology and chemistry （ B） physics and psychology （ C） sociology and psychology （ D） physics and chemistry 47 We can infer from the passage that_. （ A） there is little distinction betw
44、een specialization and professionalisation （ B） amateurs can compete with professionals in some areas of science （ C） professionals tend to welcome amateurs into the scientific community （ D） amateurs have national academic societies but no local ones 48 The author writes of the development of geolo
45、gy to demonstrate _. （ A） the process of specialization and professionalisation （ B） the hardship of amateurs in scientific study （ C） the change of policies in scientific publications （ D） the discrimination of professionals against amateurs 49 The direct reason for specialization is _. （ A） the de
46、velopment in communication （ B） the growth of professionalisation （ C） the expansion of scientific knowledge （ D） the splitting up of academic societies 50 Which of the following is wrong about professionals and amateurs? （ A） No clear-cut distinction can be drawn between professionals and amateurs
47、in science. （ B） Amateurs participation into scientific research has become more difficult. （ C） There is no discriminations of professionals against amateurs in geology. （ D） Entrance to professional geological journals has become harder for amateurs. 50 A history of long and effortless success can
48、 be a dreadful handicap, but, if properly handled, it may become a driving force. When the United States entered just such a glowing period after the end of the Second World War, it had a market eight ties larger than any competitor, giving its industries unparalleled economies of scale. Its scienti
49、sts were the worlds best, its workers the most skilled. America and Americans were prosperous beyond the dreams of the Europeans and Asians whose economies the war had destroyed. It was inevitable that this primacy should have narrowed as other countries grew richer. Just as inevitably, the retreat from pre
