1、国家公共英语（四级）笔试模拟试卷 204及答案与解析 PART A Directions: For Questions 1-5, you will hear a conversation. While you listen, fill out the table with the information you have heard. Some of the information has been given to you in the table. Write only 1 word in each numbered box. You will hear the recording twi
2、ce. You now have 25 seconds to read the table below. 1 PART B Directions: For Questions 6-10, you will hear a passage. Use not more than 3 words for each answer. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the sentences and the questions below. 6 PART C Directions: You will he
3、ar three dialogues or monologues. Before listening to each one, you will have 5 seconds to read each of the questions which accompany it. While listening, answer each question by choosing A, B, C or D. After listening, you will have 10 seconds to check your answer to each question. You will hear eac
4、h piece ONLY ONCE. 11 What unusual question may doctors ask when giving kids a checkup next time? _ （ A） How much exercise they get every day. （ B） What they are most worried about. （ C） How long their parents accompany them daily. （ D） What entertainment they are interested in. 12 The academy sugge
5、sts that children under age two_. （ A） get enough entertainment （ B） have more activities （ C） receive early education （ D） have regular checkups 13 According to the report, childrens bedrooms should_. （ A） be no place for play （ B） be near a common area （ C） have no TV sets （ D） have a computer for
6、 study 14 What is the target group for this years “No Tobacco Day“? （ A） Children under 16 （ B） Men between 20 and 33 years old （ C） Women （ D） Old people with serious diseases 15 What is. the recent important development observed in developing countries? （ A） The number of smokers has been falling
7、about 2 percent a year. （ B） The number of smokers has been rising 20 percent a year. （ C） The number of smokers has been rising 2 percent a year. （ D） The number of smokers has been falling 20 percent a year. 16 What is the good of the World Health Organization? （ A） To set a “smoke-free“ world （ B
8、） To teach the people in developing countries a lesson （ C） To forbid farmers to grow tobacco （ D） To forbid smokers to buy tobacco products 17 Procrastinators have many problems, except that_. （ A） they get more cold and flu symptoms （ B） they sleep more （ C） they smoke and drink more （ D） they hav
9、e more digestive problems 18 Which of the following sentences about Timothy A. Pychyl is NOT true? （ A） He is one of the Procrastination Research Group. （ B） He is a psychologist. （ C） He is a teacher in Carleton University in Ottawa. （ D） He is the co-author of the study. 19 What is the root of the
10、 problem? （ A） Something has to do with genes. （ B） Sleeping far less that they need. （ C） Drinking more than they have intended. （ D） An inability to regulate behavior and control impulses. 20 Here are some favorite excuses for academic tardiness, except_. （ A） computer failure （ B） leaving a paper
11、 at home （ C） losing a hand-held organizer （ D） the death of a grandmother 一、 Section II Use of English (15 minutes) Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. 20 Comparisons were drawn between the development of televis
12、ion in the 20th century and the diffusion of printing in the 15th and 16th centuries. Yet much had happened 21 As was discussed before, it was not 22 the 19th century that the newspaper became the dominant pre-electronic 23 , following in the wake of the pamphlet and the book and in the 24 of the pe
13、riodical. It was during the same time that the communications revolution 25 up, beginning with transport, the railway, and leading 26 through the telegraph, the telephone, radio, and motion pictures 27 the 20th-century world of the motor car and the air plane. Not everyone sees that process in 28 It
14、 is important to do so. It is generally recognized, 29 , that the introduction of the computer in the early 20th century, 30 by the invention of the integrated circuit during the 1960s, radically changed the process, 31 its impact on the media was not immediately 32 . As time went by, computers beca
15、me smaller and more powerful, and they became “personal“ too, as well as 33 , with display becoming sharper and storage 34 increasing. They were thought of, like people, 35 generations, with the distance between generations much 36 . It was within the computer age that the term “information society“
16、 began to be widely used to describe the 37 within which we now live. The communications revolution has 38 both work and leisure and how we think and feel both about place and time, but there have been 39 view about its economic, political, social and cultural implications. “Benefits“ have been weig
17、hed 40 “harmful“ outcomes. And generalizations have proved difficult. （ A） between （ B） before （ C） since （ D） later （ A） after （ B） by （ C） during （ D） until （ A） means （ B） method （ C） medium （ D） measure （ A） process （ B） company （ C） light （ D） form （ A） gathered （ B） speeded （ C） worked （ D） pi
18、cked （ A） on （ B） out （ C） over （ D） off （ A） of （ B） for （ C） beyond （ D） into （ A） concept （ B） dimension （ C） effect （ D） perspective （ A） indeed （ B） hence （ C） however （ D） therefore （ A） brought （ B） followed （ C） stimulated （ D） characterized （ A） unless （ B） since （ C） lest （ D） although （ A
19、） apparent （ B） desirable （ C） negative （ D） plausible （ A） institutional （ B） universal （ C） fundamental （ D） instrumental （ A） ability （ B） capability （ C） capacity （ D） faculty （ A） by means of （ B） in terms of （ C） with regard to （ D） in line with （ A） deeper （ B） fewer （ C） nearer （ D） smaller
20、（ A） context （ B） range （ C） scope （ D） territory （ A） regarded （ B） impressed （ C） influenced （ D） effected （ A） competitive （ B） controversial （ C） distracting （ D） irrational （ A） above （ B） upon （ C） against （ D） with Part B Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below e
21、ach text by choosing A, B, C or D . Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 40 A multinational corporation is a corporate enterprise, which though headquartered in one country, conducts its operations through branches that it owns or controls around the world. The organizations, mostly based in the Uni
22、ted States, Western Europe, and Japan, have become major actors on the international stage, for some of them are wealthier than many of the countries they operate in. The less developed countries often welcome the multinationals because they are a source of investment and jobs. Yet their presence ha
23、s its drawbacks, for these organizations soon develop immense political and economic influence in the host countries. Development becomes concentrated in a few industries that are oriented to the needs of the outsiders) profits are frequently exported rather than reinvested; and local benefits go ma
24、inly to a small ruling group whose interests are tied to those of the foreigners rather than to those of their own people. The effect is to further increase export dependency and to limit the less developed countries control of their own economies. It seems that both the modernization and world-syst
25、em approaches may be valid in certain respects. The modernization model does help us make sense of the historical fact of industrialization and of the various internal adjustments that societies undergo during this process. The world-system model reminds us that countries do not develop in isolation
26、. They do so in a context of fierce international political and economic competition, a competition whose outcome favors the stronger parties. Today, the less developed countries are struggling to achieve in the course of a few years the material advantages that the older industrialized nations have
27、 taken generations to gain. The result is often a tug-of-war between the forces of modernization and the sentiments of tradition, with serious social disturbance as the result. The responses have taken many different forms:military overthrow by army officers determined to impose social order; fundam
28、entalist religious movements urging a return to absolute moralities and certainties of the past;nationalism as a new ideology to unite the people for the challenge of modernization. And sometimes social change takes place in a way that is not evolutionary, but revolutionary. 41 Why do the less devel
29、oped countries welcome the multinationals? （ A） Because multinationals are more developed. （ B） Because multinationals bring investment and jobs. （ C） Because multinationals conduct their operations through branches. （ D） Because multinationals are wealthier. 42 Which of the following is NOT the pro
30、blems brought by multinationals? （ A） They limit the host countries control of their own economies. （ B） Profits are frequently exported rather than reinvested. （ C） Various industries develop in the host country. （ D） They increase the host countries export dependency. 43 Which of the following is
31、most likely to benefit from the fierce international political and economic competition? （ A） The host industries. （ B） the local people. （ C） Those stronger and richer countries. （ D） The local ruling group. 44 what does the word“tug-of-war“probably refer to? （ A） Serious social disorder. （ B） Mili
32、tary overthrow by army officers. （ C） Fierce international political and economic competition. （ D） Struggle between modernization and the sentiments of tradition. 45 What is the root cause of serious social disturbance in less developed countries? （ A） Violent social change. （ B） Military overthrow
33、. （ C） Nationalism. （ D） Fundamentalist religious movements. 45 Scholars and students have always been great travellers. The official case for “academic mobility“ is now often stated in impressive terms as a fundamental necessity for economic and social progress in the world, and debated in the corr
34、idors of Europe, but it is certainly nothing new. Serious students were always ready to go abroad in search of the most stimulating teachers and the most famous academies; in search of the purest philosophy, the most effective medicine, the likeliest road to gold. Mobility of this kind meant also mo
35、bility of ideas, their transference across frontiers, their simultaneous impact upon many groups of people. The point of learning is to share it, whether with students or with colleagues; one presumes that only eccentrics have no interest in being credited with a startling discovery, or a new techni
36、que. It must also have been reassuring to know that other people in other parts of the world were about to make the same discovery or were thinking along the same lines, and that one was not quite alone, confronted by inquisition, ridicule or neglect. In the twentieth century, and particularly in th
37、e last 20 years, the old footpaths of the wandering scholars have become vast highways. The vehicle which has made this possible has of course been the aeroplane, making contact between scholars even in the most distant places immediately feasible, and providing for the very rapid transmission of kn
38、owledge. Apart from the vehicle itself, it is fairly easy to identify the main factors which have brought about the recent explosion in academic movement. Some of these are purely quantitative and require no further mention: there are far more centres of learning, and a far grea-ter number of schola
39、rs and students. In addition, one must recognise the very considerable multiplication of disciplines, particularly in the sciences, which by widening the total area of advanced studies has produced an enormous number of specialists whose particular interests are precisely defined. These people would
40、 work in some isolation if they were not able to keep in touch with similar isolated groups in other countries. Frequently these specialisations lie in areas where very rapid developments are taking place, and also where the research needed for developments is extremely costly and takes a long time.
41、 It is precisely in these areas that the advantages of collaboration and sharing of expertise appear most evident. Associated with this is the growth of specialist periodicals, which enable scholars to become aware of what is happening in different centres of research and to meet each other in confe
42、rences and symposia. From these meetings come the personal relationships which are at the bottom of almost all formalized schemes of cooperation, and provide them with their most satisfactory stimulus. But as the specialisations have increased in number and narrowed in range, there had been an oppos
43、ite movement towards interdisciplinary studies. These owe much to the belief that one cannot properly investigate the incredibly complex problems thrown up by the modern world, and by recent advances in our knowledge along the narrow front of a single discipline. This trend has led to a great deal o
44、f academic contact between disciplines, and a far greater emphasis on the pooling of specialist knowledge, reflected in the broad subjects chosen in many international conferences. 46 According to the passage, scholars and students are great travellers because_. （ A） standards are higher at foreign
45、universities （ B） their governments encourage them to travel （ C） salaries and conditions are better abroad （ D） they are eager for new knowledge 47 The writer says that travel was important in the past because it_. （ A） was a way of spreading ideas （ B） broke down political barriers （ C） led to eco
46、nomic progress （ D） made new ideas less schooling 48 The writer claims that it is important for specialists to be able to travel because （ A） there are so many people working in similar fields （ B） there is a lot of social unrest at universities （ C） their follow experts are scattered round the worl
47、d （ D） their laboratories are in remote places 49 The writer thinks that the growth of specialist societies and periodicals has helped scholars to_. （ A） spend less time travelling （ B） cut down research costs （ C） develop their ideas more quickly （ D） keep up with current developments 50 Developmen
48、ts in international cooperation are often, it is suggested, the Jesuit of （ A） friendships formed by scholars at meetings （ B） articles in learned journals （ C） the work of international agencies （ D） programs initiated by governments 50 To understand how astrology works, we should first take a quic
49、k look at the sky. Although the stars are at enormous distances, they do indeed give the impression of being affixed to the inner surface of a great hollow sphere surrounding the earth. Ancient people, in fact, literally believed in the existence of such a celestial sphere. As the earth spins on its axis, the celestial sphere appears to turn about us each day, pivoting at points on a line with the earths axis of rotation. This daily turning of the sphere carries the stars around the sky, causing most of them to rise and set, but they, and
