1、国家公共英语（四级）笔试模拟试卷 234及答案与解析 PART A Directions: For Questions 1-5, you will hear a conversation. While you listen, fill out the table with the information you have heard. Some of the information has been given to you in the table. Write only 1 word in each numbered box. You will hear the recording twi
2、ce. You now have 25 seconds to read the table below. 1 PART B Directions: For Questions 6-10, you will hear a passage. Use not more than 3 words for each answer. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the sentences and the questions below. 6 PART C Directions: You will he
3、ar three dialogues or monologues. Before listening to each one, you will have 5 seconds to read each of the questions which accompany it. While listening, answer each question by choosing A, B, C or D. After listening, you will have 10 seconds to check your answer to each question. You will hear eac
4、h piece ONLY ONCE. 11 What has cloning bypassed? （ A） The nuclear transfer （ B） The process taking DNA （ C） The normal reproductive process （ D） The creation of cells 12 Whats the big breakthrough with Dolly, the first cloned animal? （ A） It makes a clone from an ordinary, adult cell. （ B） It makes
5、the first normal and healthy cloned animal. （ C） It paves the way to the cloning of human beings. （ D） It makes a cloned animal with only mother. 13 Which country first passed the law banning human cloning? （ A） The United States （ B） The United Kingdom （ C） Switzerland （ D） Russia 14 What major did
6、 Ms. Kophal got when she graduated from the University of Rostock last year? （ A） Medical science （ B） Political science （ C） Biology （ D） Production management 15 What is the national average percent of unemployment? （ A） 9 percent （ B） 12 percent （ C） 16 percent （ D） 18 percent 16 What are the two
7、 classic jobs that people will take in Rostock, besides working at McDonalds? （ A） Becoming a physicist （ B） Becoming a school teacher （ C） Becoming a taxi driver （ D） Becoming a magazine production manager 17 Megan Delia Selva, who has already traded e-mail messages with her mom, just to say hi, is
8、 a_. （ A） freshman （ B） sophomore （ C） junior （ D） senior 18 What is the relationship between Maria Minkarah and Megan Delia Selva? _ （ A） Teacher and student. （ B） Sisters. （ C） Good friends. （ D） Mother and daughter. 19 According to the report, what is the most striking thing?_ （ A） The tone stude
9、nts had when talking about their parents: fond, warm and admiring. （ B） The young women keep in close touch with their families, discussing matters big and small, academic and personal. （ C） Many students turn to their parents for help with everything from roommate troubles to how to improve the pap
10、er they e-mailed home. （ D） Not all college students are closely connected with their parents. 20 Which has a lot to do with what university administrators and parents alike say has been a big change over the last decade, besides cellphones? _ （ A） Web access. （ B） Stronger presence of parents on ca
11、mpus. （ C） Offices created to deal with parents queries and concerns. （ D） E-mail. 一、 Section II Use of English (15 minutes) Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. 20 The government is to ban payments to witnesses by
12、 newspapers seeking to buy up people involved in prominent cases 21 the trial of Rosemary West. In a significant 22 of legal controls over the press, Lord Irvine, the Lord Chancellor, will introduce a 23 bill that will propose making payments to witnesses 24 and will strictly control the amount of 2
13、5 that can be given to a case 26 a trial begins. In a letter to Gerald Kaufman, chairman of the House of Commons media select committee, Lord Irvine said he 27 with a committee report this year which said that self-regulation did not 28 sufficient control. 29 of the letter came two days after Lord I
14、rvine caused a 30 of media protest when he said the 31 of privacy controls contained in European legislation would be left to judges 32 to Parliament. The Lord Chancellor said introduction of the Human Rights Bill, which 33 the European Convention on Human Rights legally 34 in Britain, laid down tha
15、t everybody was 35 to privacy and that public figures could go to court to protect themselves and their families. “Press freedoms will be in safe hands 36 our British judges,“ he said. Witness payments became an 37 after West was sentenced to 10 life sentences in 1995. Up to 19 witnesses were 38 to
16、have received payments for telling their stories to newspapers. Concerns were raised 39 witnesses might be encouraged to exaggerate their stories in court to 40 guilty verdicts. （ A） as to （ B） for instance （ C） in particular （ D） such as （ A） tightening （ B） intensifying （ C） focusing （ D） fastenin
17、g （ A） sketch （ B） rough （ C） preliminary （ D） draft （ A） illogical （ B） illegal （ C） improbable （ D） improper （ A） publicity （ B） penalty （ C） popularity （ D） peculiarity （ A） since （ B） if （ C） before （ D） as （ A） sided （ B） shared （ C） complied （ D） agreed （ A） present （ B） offer （ C） manifest （
18、D） indicate （ A） Release （ B） Publication （ C） Printing （ D） Exposure （ A） storm （ B） rage （ C） flare （ D） flash （ A） translation （ B） interpretation （ C） exhibition （ D） demonstration （ A） better than （ B） other than （ C） rather than （ D） sooner than （ A） changes （ B） makes （ C） sets （ D） turns （ A
19、） binding （ B） convincing （ C） restraining （ D） sustaining （ A） authorized （ B） credited （ C） entitled （ D） qualified （ A） with （ B） to （ C） from （ D） by （ A） impact （ B） incident （ C） inference （ D） issue （ A） stated （ B） remarked （ C） said （ D） told （ A） what （ B） when （ C） which （ D） that （ A） as
20、sure （ B） confide （ C） ensure （ D） guarantee Part B Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D . Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 40 Whether work should be placed among the causes of happiness or among the causes of unhappiness may pe
21、rhaps be regarded as a doubtful question. There is certainly much work which is exceedingly weary and an excess of work is always very painful. I think, however, that, provided work is not excessive in amount, even the dullest work is to most people less painful then idleness. There are in work all
22、grades, from mere relief of tedium up to the pro-foundest delights, according to the nature of the work and the abilities of the worker. Most of the work that most people have to do is not in itself interesting, but even such work has certain great advantages. To begin with, it fills a good many hou
23、rs of the day without the need of deciding what one shall do. Most people, when they are left free to fill their own time according to their own choice, are at a loss to think of anything sufficiently pleasant to be worth doing. And whatever they decide, they are troubled by the feeling that somethi
24、ng else would have been pleasanter. To be able to fill leisure intelligently is the last product of civilization, and at present very few people have reached this level. Moreover the exercise of choice is in itself tiresome. Except to people with unusual initiative it is positively agreeable to be t
25、old what to do at each hour of the day, provided the orders are not too unpleasant. Most of the idle rich suffer unspeakable boredom as the price of their freedom from toil. At times they may find relief by hunting big game in Africa, or by flying round the world, but the number of such sensations i
26、s limited, especially after youth is past. Accordingly the more intelligent rich men work nearly as hard as if they were poor, while rich women for the most part keep themselves busy with innumerable trifles of those earth-shaking importance they are firmly persuaded. Work therefore is desirable, fi
27、rst and foremost, as a preventive of boredom, for the boredom that a man feels when he is doing necessary though uninteresting work is as nothing in comparison with the boredom that he feels when he has nothing to do with his days. With this advantage of work another is associated, namely that it ma
28、kes holidays much more delicious when they come. Provided a man does not have to work so hard as to impair his vigor, he is likely to find far more zest in his free time than an idle man could possibly find. The second advantage of most paid work and of some unpaid work is that it gives chances of s
29、uccess and opportunities for ambition. In most work success is measured by income, and while our capitalistic society continues, this is inevitable. It is only where the best work is concerned that this measure ceases to be the natural one to apply. The desire that men feel to increase their income
30、is quite as much a desire for success as for the extra comforts that a higher income can acquire. However dull work may be, it becomes bearable if it is a means of building up a reputation, whether in the world at large or only in ones own circle. 41 What is the authors opinion about work? （ A） Work
31、 can keep people busy as if they were poor. （ B） Work is a cause of the greatest delight of life. （ C） Work is very tiresome, especially when too excessive. （ D） Work can at least give relief from boredom. 42 In the authors opinion, what is the last product of civilization? （ A） To make wise use of
32、leisure （ B） To be free from hard work （ C） To keep oneself busy with trifles （ D） To work to some extent 43 According to the passage, to be told to do something is generally_. （ A） respectable （ B） acceptable （ C） insulting （ D） disgusting 44 According to the passage, success can mostly be measure
33、in terms of_. （ A） relationship （ B） enjoyment （ C） income （ D） promotion 45 As put by the author, most of the work that most people have to do is_. （ A） delightful but time consuming （ B） exceedingly dull and always painful （ C） not worth doing and bearable at all （ D） not interesting but very rewa
34、rding 45 The food you eat does more than provide energy. It can have a dramatic effect on your bodys ability to fight off heart disease, cancer, diabetes, high blood pressure, stroke, and weak bones. With remarkable consistency, recent research has found that a diet high in plant-based foods fruits,
35、 vegetables, dried peas and beans, grains, and starchy staples such as potatoes is the bodys best weapon in thwarting many health-related problems. These foods work against so many diseases that the same healthy ingredients you might use to protect your heart or ward off cancer will also benefit you
36、r intestinal tract and bones. Scientists have recently estimated that approximately 30 to 40 percent of all cancers could be averted if people ate more fruits, vegetables, and plant-based foods and minimized high-fat, high-calorie edibles that have scant nutritional value. Up to 70 percent of cancer
37、s might be eliminated if people also stopped smoking, exercised regularly, and controlled their weight. In the past, researchers had linked fat consumption with the development of cancers, but they currently believe that eating fruits, vegetables, and grains may be more important in preventing the d
38、isease than not eating fat. “The evidence about a high-fat diet and cancer seemed a lot stronger several years ago than it does now,“ says Melanie Polk, a registered dietitian and director of nutrition education at the American Institute for Cancer Research. The road to strong bones is paved with ca
39、lcium-rich food. Leafy green vegetables and low-fat dairy products are excellent sources of calcium, the mineral that puts stiffness into your skeletal system and keeps your bones from turning rubbery and fragile. Your body uses calcium for more than keeping your bones strong. Calcium permits cells
40、to divide, regulates muscle contraction and relaxation, and plays an important role in the movement of protein and nutrients inside cells. If you dont absorb enough from what you eat to satisfy these requirements, your body will take it from your bones. Because your body doesnt produce this essentia
41、l mineral, you must continually replenish the supply. Even though the recommended daily amount is 1,200 mg, most adults dont eat more than 500 mg. One reason may have been the perception that calcium-rich dairy products were also loaded with calories. “In the past, women, in particular, worried that
42、 dairy products were high in calories,“ says Letha Y. Griffin, M. D. , of Peachtree Orthopaedics in Atlanta. “But today you can get calcium without eating any high-fat or high-calorie foods by choosing skim milk or low-fat yogurt. “ Also, low-fat dairy products contain phosphorous and magnesium and
43、are generally fortified with vitamin D, all of which help your body absorb and use calcium. If you find it difficult to include enough calcium in your diet, ask your doctor about supplements. Theyre a potent way to get calcium as well as vitamin D and other minerals. But if you rely on pills instead
44、 of a calcium-rich diet, you wont benefit from the other nutrients that food provides. Getting the recommended vitamin D may be easy, since your body makes the vitamin when your skin is exposed to the suns rays. 46 Which kind of food is recommended to prevent heart disease, cancer, diabetes, high bl
45、ood pressure, stroke, and weak bones? （ A） Calcium-rich food （ B） Plant-based and starchy staples food （ C） High-fat, high-calorie food （ D） Vitamin D-rich food 47 The underlined word “thwart“ (Para. 1) most probably means “_“. （ A） destroy （ B） forbid （ C） cure （ D） prevent 48 _percent of all cance
46、rs could be averted if people ate more fruits, vegetables, and plant-based foods and minimized high-fat, high-calorie edibles. （ A） 30-40 （ B） 40-50 （ C） 50-60 （ D） 60-70 49 According to the passage, cancers may take some healthy steps other than_. （ A） stop smoking （ B） exercise regularly （ C） take
47、 non-fat diet （ D） control their weight 50 Which of the following statements is NOT true? （ A） Today you can get calcium without eating any high-fat or high-calorie foods by choosing skim milk or low-fat yogurt. （ B） Calcium plays an important role in the movement of protein and nutrients inside cel
48、ls. （ C） You can rely on pills instead of a calcium-rich diet to take enough calcium. （ D） If you want to absorb calcium, you should expose yourself to the suns rays. 50 In one very long sentence, the introduction to the U. N. Charter expresses the ideals and the common aims of all the people whose
49、governments joined together to form the U. N. “We the people of the U. N. determined to save succeeding generations from the scourge of war which twice in our lifetime has brought untold suffering to mankind, and to reaffirm faith in fundamental rights, in the dignity and worth of the human person, in the equal rights of men and women and of nations, large and small, and to establish conditions under which justice and respect for the obligations arising from treaties and other sources of international law can be mainta
