1、国家公共英语（四级）笔试模拟试卷 255及答案与解析 PART A Directions: For Questions 1-5, you will hear a conversation. While you listen, fill out the table with the information you have heard. Some of the information has been given to you in the table. Write only 1 word in each numbered box. You will hear the recording twi
2、ce. You now have 25 seconds to read the table below. 1 PART B Directions: For Questions 6-10, you will hear a passage. Use not more than 3 words for each answer. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the sentences and the questions below. 6 PART C Directions: You will he
3、ar three dialogues or monologues. Before listening to each one, you will have 5 seconds to read each of the questions which accompany it. While listening, answer each question by choosing A, B, C or D. After listening, you will have 10 seconds to check your answer to each question. You will hear eac
4、h piece ONLY ONCE. 11 What kind of person is called “mall rat“? （ A） One spends so much time at malls. （ B） One steals at malls. （ C） One sees dentists at malls. （ D） One eats a lot at malls. 12 Which of the following is NOT the reason why people like malls? （ A） They feel safe because malls have po
5、lice station of private security guards. （ B） They can be served free meals after doing shopping. （ C） They can do about everything at malls. （ D） The weather inside is always fine. 13 How many cars can be parked in the Mall of America? （ A） 350 （ B） 2750 （ C） 7500 （ D） 1965 14 When did Poe start pu
6、blishing his poetry and stories and pursue a career in journalism? （ A） In the early 1810s. （ B） In the early 1820s. （ C） In the early 1830s. （ D） In the early 1840s. 15 How old was he when Poe died? （ A） 30 （ B） 40 （ C） 50 （ D） 60 16 Which is not considered as Poes finest poems? （ A） To Helen （ B）
7、Annabel Lee （ C） The Raven （ D） The Tell-Tale Heart 17 Procrastinators have many problems, except that_. （ A） they get more cold and flu symptoms （ B） they sleep more （ C） they smoke and drink more （ D） they have more digestive problems 18 Which of the following sentences about Timothy A. Pychyl is
8、NOT true? （ A） He is one of the Procrastination Research Group. （ B） He is a psychologist. （ C） He is a teacher in Carleton University in Ottawa. （ D） He is the co-author of the study. 19 What is the root of the problem? （ A） Something has to do with genes. （ B） Sleeping far less that they need. （ C
9、） Drinking more than they have intended. （ D） An inability to regulate behavior and control impulses. 20 Here are some favorite excuses for academic tardiness, except_. （ A） computer failure （ B） leaving a paper at home （ C） losing a hand-held organizer （ D） the death of a grandmother 一、 Section II
10、Use of English (15 minutes) Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. 20 Everyone knows that taxation is necessary in a modern state: 21 it, it would not be possible to pay the soldiers and policemen who protect us; 22
11、the workers in government offices who 23 our health, our food, our water, and all 24 things that we can not do for ourselves. By 25 of taxation, we pay for things that we need as 26 as we need somewhere to live and something to eat. In most countries, a direct tax on persons, 27 is called income tax
12、, exists. It is arranged in such a way that the poorest people pay 28 , and the percentage of tax grows greater as the taxpayers 29 grows. In England, for example, the tax on the 30 peo-ple goes up as high as ninety-five percent! But countries with direct taxation nearly always have 31 taxation too.
13、 Many things imported into the country have to pay taxes or“duties“. 32 , it is the men and women who buy the imported things in the shops who really 33 pay the duties, in the 34 of higher prices. In some countries, too, there is a tax 35 things sold in the shops. If the most necessary things are ta
14、xed, a lot of money is collected, but the poor people suffer 36. If unnecessary things like jewels and fur coats are taxed, 37 is obtained, but the tax is fairer, as the 38 pay it. Probably this last kind of indirect tax, 39 with a direct on incomes which is low for the poor and high for the rich, i
15、s 40 arrangement. （ A） because of （ B） instead of （ C） with （ D） without （ A） so （ B） nor （ C） not （ D） all （ A） look after （ B） sympathize （ C） consider （ D） see （ A） other （ B） others （ C） the other （ D） many （ A） mean （ B） means （ C） a means （ D） the means （ A） many （ B） well （ C） more （ D） much
16、（ A） which （ B） what （ C） that （ D） it （ A） a lot （ B） most （ C） nothing （ D） more （ A） income （ B） population （ C） tax （ D） amount （ A） poor （ B） working （ C） rich （ D） richest （ A） no （ B） income （ C） indirect （ D） direct （ A） However （ B） So （ C） Of course （ D） By chance （ A） have to （ B） will （
17、C） are willing to （ D） should （ A） way （ B） form （ C） name （ D） terms （ A） about （ B） on （ C） for （ D） form （ A） least （ B） highly （ C） less （ D） most （ A） less money （ B） more money （ C） fewer money （ D） most money （ A） people （ B） poor （ C） rich （ D） country （ A） including （ B） along （ C） dealing
18、（ D） and （ A） the best （ B） the worst （ C） good （ D） better Part B Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D . Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 40 Every second in the United States alone, more than 250 animals are slaughtered for foo
19、d, adding up to more than 8 billion animals each year. Reducing the amount of meat in ones diet is nutritionally, environmentally, and ethically beneficial. People who eat meat usually have weaker immune systems compared to those of vegetarians. Meat has been directly linked to diabetes, obesity, ar
20、thritis, and many other illnesses. Furthermore, meat-eaters are at a higher risk for diseases, including cancer, and they are more likely to die from these diseases. Critics say that a meatless diet does not provide e-nough nutrients, especially protein and iron. Actually, according to “A Teens Guid
21、e to Going Vegetarian“, by Judy Krizmanic, protein is found in almost every food, and iron appears in many vegetables. Getting enough nutrients in a meat-reduced diet should not be difficult. A 1988 study found that some of the highest pesticide residues appear in meat and eggs. Diets including more
22、 fruits and vegetables will only make people healthier. Some skeptics believe that there will be a shortage of food if animals are not eaten. In fact, the opposite is true. More than 80% of the corn and 95% of the oats grown in the U. S. are fed to livestock. The worlds cattle alone consume enough f
23、ood to equal the caloric needs of 8. 7 billion people, more than the entire human population. One half of the water used in the Unites States also goes to livestock; 250 gallons of water produces only 1 lb. of beef. If people eat less meat and more plants, the amount of available food will increase.
24、 Many people become vegetarians because they feel that eating animals is unethical. 90% of these animals are raised in confinement. Chickens and other birds have only about half a square foot of space each, and since they are raised so close together, a lot blade is used to cut off their beaks to pr
25、event them from pecking each other to death. Likewise, pigs that are repressed will bite each others tails, so both their teeth and tails are removed as soon as they are born. Eating animals is hazardous in numerous ways. Even a slight reduction in meat intake is better than nothing at all. Consumin
26、g less meat is beneficial to the health of animals, the health of people, and the health of the world. 41 Why do some people become vegetarians? （ A） They feel that eating animals is unethical. （ B） There are fewer livestock available due to the environmental pollution. （ C） The consumption of meat
27、will lead to financial problem. （ D） Being a vegetarian is beneficial to the protection of water. 42 Which of the following statements is true according to the book “A Teens Guide to Going Vegetarian“? （ A） Some of the highest pesticide residues appear in meat and eggs. （ B） A meatless diet does not
28、 provide enough nutrients. （ C） Protein can be found in almost every food. （ D） More than 80% of the corn in the U. S. are fed to livestock. 43 Why does the author say reducing the amount of meat in ones diet is environmentally beneficial? （ A） People who eat meat usually have weaker immune systems
29、compared to those of vegetarians. （ B） A lot of food and water are consumed in order to raise livestock. （ C） 90% of animals are raised in confinement. （ D） Raising Animals causes most of the destruction of the nature. 44 What is the attitude the author has toward eating meat? （ A） Positive. （ B） Ne
30、gative. （ C） Indifferent. （ D） None of the above. 45 Which of the following can be the best title of the passage? （ A） The Advantage of Eating Less Meat. （ B） Why People Become Vegetarian? （ C） Environmental Protection and Meatless Diet. （ D） Save Chickens, Save Birds. 45 Hawaiis native minority is
31、demanding a greater degree of sovereignty over its own affairs. But much of the archipelagos political establishment, which includes the White Americans who dominated until the second world war and people of Japanese, Chinese and Filipino origin, is opposed to the idea. The islands were annexed by t
32、he US in 1898 and since then Hawaiis native peoples have fared worse than any of its other ethnic groups. They make up over 60 percent of the states homeless, suffer higher levels of unemployment and their life span is five years less than the average Hawaiians. They are the only major US native gro
33、up without some degree of autonomy. But a sovereignty advisory committee set up by Hawaiis first native governor, John Waihee, has given the natives cause a major boost be recommending that the Hawaiian n-atives decide by themselves whether to re-establish a sovereign Hawaiian nation. However, the H
34、awaiian natives are not united in their demands. Some just want greater autonomy with the state as enjoyed by many American Indian natives over matters such as education. This is a position supported by the Office of Hawaiian Affairs (OHA) , a state a-gency set up in 1978 to represent to natives int
35、erests and which has now become the moderate face of the native sovereignty movement. More ambitious in the Ka Lahui group, which declared itself a new nation in 1987 wants full, official independence from the US. But if Hawaiian natives are given greater autonomy, it is far from clear how many peop
36、le this will apply to. The state authorities only count as native those people with more than 50 percent Hawaiian blood. Native demands are not just based on political grievances, though. They also want their claim on 660,000 hectares of Hawaiian crown land to be accepted. It is on this issue that n
37、-ative groups are facing most opposition from the state authorities. In 1933, the state government paid the OHA US$ 136 million in back rent on the crown land and many officials say that by accepting this payment the agency has given up its claims to legally own the land. The OHA has vigorously disp
38、uted this. 46 Hawaiis native minority refers to_. （ A） people of Filipino origin （ B） the Ka Lahui group （ C） people with 50% Hawaiian blood （ D） Hawaiis ethnic groups 47 Which of the following statement is true of the Hawaiian natives? （ A） They are the only native group without sovereignty. （ B） T
39、heir life span is 5 years shorter than average Americans. （ C） Sixty percent of them are homeless or unemployed. （ D） Their life is worse than that of other ethnic groups in Hawaii. 48 Which of the following is NOT true of John Waihee? （ A） He suggested that the native people decided for themselves.
40、 （ B） He is leading the local independence movement. （ C） He is Hawaiis first native governor. （ D） He has set up a sovereignty advisory committee. 49 Which of the following groups holds a less radical attitude on the matter of sovereignty? （ A） The Hawaiian natives. （ B） American Indian natives. （
41、C） Office of Hawaiian Affairs. （ D） The Ka Lahui group. 50 Various native Hawaiians demand all the following EXCEPT_. （ A） more back rent on the crown land （ B） full independence from the US （ C） a greater autonomy within the state （ D） a claim on the Hawaiian crown land 50 The world is going throug
42、h the biggest wave of mergers and acquisitions ever witnessed. The process sweeps from hyperactive America to Europe and reaches the emerging countries with unsurpassed might. Many in these countries are looking at this process and worrying:“Wont the wave of business concentration turn into an uncon
43、trollable anti-competitive force?“ Theres no question that the big are getting bigger and more powerful. Multinational corporations accounted for less than 20% of international trade in 1982. Today the figure is more than 25% and growing rapidly. International affiliates account for a fast growing s
44、egment of production in economies that open up and welcome foreign investment. In Argentina, for instance, after the reforms of the early 1990s, multinationals went from 43% to almost 70% of the industrial production of the 200 largest firms. This phenomenon has created serious concerns over the rol
45、e of smaller economic firms, of national businessmen and over the ultimate stability of the world economy. I believe that the most important forces behind the massive M alternatively if you are addressing secretaries, you may want to comment on their disorganized bosses. Here is an example, which I
46、heard at a nurses convention, of a story which works well because the audience all shared the same view of doctors. A man arrives in heaven and is being shown around by St. Peter. He sees wonderful accommodations, beautiful gardens, sunny weather, and so on. Everyone is very peaceful, polite and fri
47、endly until, waiting in a line for lunch, the new arrival is suddenly pushed aside by a man in a white coat, who rushes to the head of the line, grabs his food and stomps over to a table himself. “Who is that?“ the new arrival asked St. Peter. “Oh, thats God, “came the reply, “but sometimes he think
48、s hes a doctor. “ If you are part of the group which you are addressing, you will be in a position to know the experiences and problems which are common to all of you and itll be appropriate for you to make a passing remark about the inedible canteen food or the chairmans notorious bad taste in ties
49、. With other audiences you mustnt attempt to cut in with humor as they will resent an outsider making disparaging remarks about their canteen of their chairman. You will be on safer ground if you stick to scapegoats like the Post Office or the telephone system. If you feel awkward being humorous, you must practice so that it becomes more natu-ral. Include a few casual and apparently off-the-cuff remarks which you can deliver in a relaxed and unforced manner. Often its the delivery which causes the audience to smile, so speak slowly and r
