1、国家公共英语（四级）笔试模拟试卷 312及答案与解析 PART A Directions: For Questions 1-5, you will hear a conversation. While you listen, fill out the table with the information you have heard. Some of the information has been given to you in the table. Write only 1 word in each numbered box. You will hear the recording twi
2、ce. You now have 25 seconds to read the table below. 0 PART B Directions: For Questions 6-10, you will hear a passage. Use not more than 3 words for each answer. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the sentences and the questions below. 5 PART C Directions: You will he
3、ar three dialogues or monologues. Before listening to each one, you will have 5 seconds to read each of the questions which accompany it. While listening, answer each question by choosing A, B, C or D. After listening, you will have 10 seconds to check your answer to each question. You will hear eac
4、h piece ONLY ONCE. 11 What is the man s chief responsibility in the Green Peace organization? （ A） He s involved in anti-nuclear activity. （ B） He s responsible for conservation and protection of animals. （ C） He s the action organizer and arranges any protests. （ D） He s involved in protection and
5、support of the eco-system. 12 How does Green Peace try to stop people from dumping nuclear waste? （ A） They harass the dumping ship with boats. （ B） They attack the dumping ships. （ C） They talk with them in a mild way. （ D） They stop them in a violent way. 13 What is the woman s attitude towards th
6、e Green Peace campaigns? （ A） Contempt. （ B） Appreciate. （ C） Disapprove. （ D） Suspicious. 14 What crops does the farmer grow? （ A） Cotton every year. （ B） Cora and wheat. （ C） Rice. （ D） Other things. 15 How does the farmer pay his employees? （ A） Hourly. （ B） Weekly. （ C） Monthly. （ D） Yearly. 16
7、What work does the farmer need to do? （ A） Irrigate my fields. （ B） Apply pesticides. （ C） Fix machines. （ D） All the above. 17 What is the food hall of Harold s noted for? （ A） The cheese sold there is very special. （ B） It sells many different kinds of food. （ C） It sells 250 kinds of bread. （ D）
8、It sells more than 180 kinds of chocolate. 18 Why is the Egyptian hall so famous? （ A） It looks like an Egyptian building from 4,000 years ago. （ B） It is an Egyptian building from 4,000 years ago. （ C） It sells all kinds of food. （ D） It produces much electricity. 19 What s the record of money that
9、 customers spend in the department on one day? （ A） 30,000 pounds. （ B） 300,000 pounds. （ C） 9 million pounds. （ D） 1.5 million pounds. 20 About how many customers come to Harold s on an average day? （ A） 30,000. （ B） 300,000. （ C） 1.5 million. （ D） 9 million. Part A 20 Pollution is a “dirty“ word.
10、To pollute means to contaminate topsoil or something by introducing impurities which make【 B1】 _unfit or unclean to use. Pollution comes in many forms. We see it, smell it,【 B2】 _it, drink it, and stumble through it. We literally lived in and breathe pollution, and not surprisingly, it is beginning
11、to【 B3】 _our health, our happiness, and our civilization. Once we thought of pollution【 B4】 _meaning simply the smog the choking, stinging , dirty air that hovers over cities. But air pollution, while it is【 B5】 _the most dangerous, is only one type of contamination among several【 B6】 _attack the mo
12、st basic life functions. Through the uncontrolled use of insecticides, man has polluted the land, killing the wildlife. By【 B7】 _sewage and chemicals into rivers and lakes, we have contaminated our【 B8】 _water. We are polluting the oceans, too, killing the fish and【 B9】 _depriving ourselves of an in
13、valuable food supply. Part of the problem is our exploding【 B10】 _. More and more people are producing more wastes. But this problem is intensified by our “throw-away“ technology. Each year Americans【 B11】 _of 7 million autos, 20 million tons of waste paper, 25 million pounds of toothpaste tubes and
14、 48 million cans. We throw away gum wrappers, newspapers, and paper plates. It is no longer wise to【 B12】 _anything. Today almost everything is disposable. Instead of repairing a toaster or a radio, it is easier and cheaper to buy another one and discard the old, even【 B13】 _95 percent of its parts
15、may still be functioning. Baby diapers, which used to be made of reusable cloth, are now paper throw-aways. Soon we will wear clothing made of 【 B14】 _:“Wear it once and throw it away“ will be the slogan of the fashionable-consciousness. Where is this all to end? Are we turning the world into a giga
16、ntic dump, or is there hope that we can solve the pollution problem?【 B15】 _, solutions are in sight. A few of them are positively ingenious. 21 【 B1】 22 【 B2】 23 【 B3】 24 【 B4】 25 【 B5】 26 【 B6】 27 【 B7】 28 【 B8】 29 【 B9】 30 【 B10】 31 【 B11】 32 【 B12】 33 【 B13】 34 【 B14】 35 【 B15】 Part B Directions
17、: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D . Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 35 A finding in recent years shows that men cannot manufacture blood as efficiently as women can. This makes surgery riskier for men. Because they do not breathe as o
18、ften as women, men also need more oxygen. But men breathe more deeply and this exposes them to another risk. They draw more of the air when it is polluted. Mens bones are larger than womens and they are arranged somewhat differently. The feminine walk that evokes so many whistles is a matter of bone
19、 structure. A man has broader shoulders and a narrower pelvis, which makes him stride out with no waste motion. A womans wider pelvis , designed for childbearing, forces her to put more movement into each step she takes with the result that she displays a bit of jiggle and sway as she walks. If you
20、think a man is brave because he can climb a ladder to clean out the roof gutters, dont forget it is easier for him than for a woman. The angle at which a womans thigh is joined to her knees makes climbing difficult for her, no matter whether it is a ladder or stairs or a mountain that she is tacklin
21、g. A mans skin is thicker than a womans and not nearly as soft. This prevents the suns radiation from getting through, which is why men wrinkle less than women do. Women have a thin layer of fat just under the skin and there is a plus to this greater fat reserve. It acts as an invisible fur coat to
22、keep a woman warmer in the winter. Women also stay cooler in summer. Because the fat layer helps insulate them against heat. Mens fat is distributed differently. And they do not have that layer of it underneath their skin. In fact, they have considerably less fat than women and more lean mass. 41 pe
23、rcent of a mans body is muscle compared to thirty-five percent for women, which means that men have more muscle power. When we mention strength, almost 90 percent of a mans weight is strength compared to about 50 percent of a womans weight. The higher proportion of muscle to fat makes it easier for
24、men to lose weight. Muscle burns up five more calories a pound than fat does just to maintain itself. So when a man wants to lose weight, the pounds roll off much faster. For all mens muscularity they do not have the energy reserves women do. They have more start-up energy, but the fat tucked away i
25、n womens nooks and crannies provides a rich energy reserve that men lack. Cardiologists at the University of Alabama who tested healthy women on treadmills discovered that over the years the female capacity for exercise far exceeds the male capacity. A woman of sixty who is in good health can exerci
26、se up to 90 percent of what she could do when she was twenty. A man of sixty has only 60 percent left of his capacity as a twenty-year-old. 36 That boys suffer more from air pollution can possibly be justified by the fact that_. （ A） the male have larger bones than the female （ B） women can manufact
27、ure blood more efficiently than men （ C） men usually breathe more deeply than women （ D） women breathe as often as men 37 The different ways men and women move their body indicate that_. （ A） bone structures in men and women are arranged differently （ B） womens bones are more ready to movement （ C）
28、men always move their bodies with waste motions （ D） women are good at climbing upwards 38 It can be concluded from the passage that_. （ A） men suffer more from suns radiation than women do （ B） men will be more exhausted than women after a long trip （ C） the higher proportion of fat in womens body
29、makes them easier to lose weight （ D） an aged man can still exercise his body as he was young 39 The best title for the above article is_. （ A） Why Men Lack Capacity for Exercise over the Years （ B） How Mens Bones Are Arranged Differently from Womens （ C） Studies on Differences and Similarities betw
30、een Men and Women （ D） Men and Women: Some Differences 40 Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage? （ A） More oxygen needs to be prepared when a man is having surgery. （ B） Mans courage has nothing to do with males body structure. （ C） A woman usually stays cooler in su
31、mmer and warmer in winter. （ D） It is easier for a man to lose his weight. 40 More than 30,000 drivers and passengers who sit in the front of the vehicles are killed or seriously injured each year. At a speed of only 30 miles per hour it is the same as falling from a third-floor building. Wearing a
32、seat belt saves lives: it reduces your chance of death or serious injury by more than a half. Therefore drivers or front seat passengers over 14 in most vehicles must wear a seat belt. If you do not, you will be fined up to 50. It will not be up to the drivers to make sure you wear your belt. But it
33、 will be the drivers responsibility to make sure that children under 14 do not ride in the front unless they are wearing a seat belt of some kind. However, when youre reversing your car, you do not have to wear a seat belt; or when you are making a local delivery or collection using a special vehicl
34、e; or if you have a valid medical certificate which excuses you from wearing it. Make sure these circumstances apply to you before you decide not to wear your seat belt. Remember that you may be taken to court for not doing so, and you may be fined if you cannot prove that you have been excused from
35、 wearing it. 41 How many people in the front of the vehicles are killed or seriously injured every year? （ A） 30,000. （ B） 60,000. （ C） Approximately 30,000. （ D） Above 30,000. 42 Wearing a seat belt in a vehicle_. （ A） reduces road accidents to more than a half （ B） saves lives while driving at a s
36、peed up to 30 miles per hour （ C） reduces the death rate in traffic accidents （ D） saves more than 15,000 lives each year 43 It is the drivers responsibility to_. （ A） make the front seat passengers wear a seat belt （ B） make the front seat children under 14 wear a seat belt （ C） stop children ridin
37、g in the front seat （ D） wear a seat belt each time he drives 44 According to the text, which of the following people riding in the front does NOT have to wear a seat belt? （ A） Someone who is backing into a parking space. （ B） Someone who is picking up the children from the local school. （ C） Someo
38、ne who is delivering invitation letters. （ D） Someone who is under 14. 45 For some people, it may be better_. （ A） to wear a seat belt for health reasons （ B） not to wear a seat belt for health reasons （ C） to get a valid medical certificate before wearing a seat belt （ D） to pay a fine rather than
39、wear a seat belt 45 I remember the way the light touched her hair. She turned her head, and our eyes met, a momentary awareness in that raucous fifth grade classroom. I felt as though I d been struck a blow under the heart. Thus began my first love affair. Her name was Rachel, and I mooned my way th
40、rough the grade and high school, stricken at the mere sight of her, tongue-tied in her presence. Does anyone, anymore, linger in the shadows of evening, drawn by the pale light of a window her windowlike some hapless summer insect? That delirious swooning, asexual but urgent and obsessive, that made
41、 me awkward and my voice crack, is like some impossible dream now. I would catch sight of her, walking down an aisle of trees to or from school, and Id become paralyzed. She always seemed so poised, so self-possessed. At home, Id relive each encounter, writhing at the thought of my inadequacies. We
42、eventually got acquainted and socialized as we entered our adolescence, she knew I had a case on her, and I sensed her affectionate tolerance for me. “Going steady“ implied a maturity we still lacked. Her Orthodox Jewish upbringing and my own Catholic scruples imposed an inhibited grace that made ev
43、en kissing a distant prospect, however fervently desired. I managed to hold her once at a dance-chaperoned, of course. Our embrace made her giggle, a sound so trusting that I hated myself for what Id been thinking. At any rate, my love for Rachel remained unrequited. We graduated from high school, s
44、he went on to college, and I joined the Army. When World War II engulfed us, I was sent overseas. For a time we corresponded, and her letters were the highlight of those grinding endless years. Once she sent me a snapshot of herself in a bathing suit, which drove me to the wildest of fantasies. I me
45、ntioned the possibility of marriage in my next letter, and almost immediately her replies became less frequent, less personal. Her Dear John letter finally caught up with me while I was awaiting discharge. She gently explained the impossibility of a marriage between us. Looking back on it, I must ha
46、ve recovered rather quickly, although for the first few months I believed I didnt want to live. Like Rachel, I found someone else, whom I learned to love with a deep and permanent commitment that has lasted to this day. 46 According to the passage, how old was the author when his first love affair b
47、egan? （ A） Before he entered his teens. （ B） In his early teens. （ C） In his middle teens. （ D） When he was just out of his teens. 47 How did the author behave as a boy in love? （ A） His first love motivated him toward hard study. （ B） His first love evoked sentimental memories. （ C） He was overpowe
48、red by wild excitement and passion. （ D） He fulfilled his expectations and desires. 48 According to the passage, what held them back from a loving kiss? （ A） Her Jewish origin did not allow it. （ B） His Catholic adherence forbade it. （ C） They were not sure whether it was proper or ethical to kiss i
49、n line with their religious decorum. （ D） Kissing was found to be inelegant or even distasteful. 49 According to the passage, what was Rachels response to the authors tender affection before the war? （ A） She recognized and accepted his love affectionately. （ B） She thwarted his affection by flatly turning him down. （ C） She fondly permitted him to adore her without losing her own heart to him. （ D） She didnt care
