1、在职攻硕英语联考（阅读）模拟试卷 36及答案与解析 一、 Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes, 40 points) Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each of the passages is followed by 5 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your an
2、swer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center. 0 An Australian company is prepared to give away color TV sets, fur coats, diamond rings and a chance to win 12 000 Australian dollars in ready cash to its employees. The only requirement is that they have to come to work regularly. Abs
3、enteeism had reached a point at the company. Goodyear is a support plant in Sydney, where production lines were sometimes running at only 74% of capacity. And to be efficient, 95% was required. Absenteeism is a problem through-out Australian industry. It seems to be caused mainly by wealth and the w
4、onderful climate. Workers often say, “Its too nice a day to go to work“, and they dont. Two days off can be made up by one overtime shift, so the pocket does not suffer, either. It also seems that the Australian system of telling people how many sick days they are given encourages them to take the f
5、ull number. Job tiredness and other factors take second place. Goodyear began its campaign against absenteeism with a hand-delivered letter to each employees home. It explained to wives that if their husbands went to work regularly, and did not miss a day for any reason at all, they would qualify to
6、 win one of the prizes. All they had to do was go to work. At the end of the month, those who were qualified were put into ten groups and prizes were drawn diamond rings, stereos, those who were still qualified were put into the draw for a color television set. The plant employs 1 780 people and bef
7、ore the campaign started, 150 workers were often away on any one day. In the week just before the campaign, 613 working days were lost. In the first week after it began, this was reduced to 556 despite an influenza epidemic. In the first month attendance improved by between 9. 2% and 9. 8% each week
8、. 1 The best title for the passage is_. （ A） Absenteeism Throughout Australia （ B） Keeping the Workers at Work （ C） Lucky Australian Employees （ D） Why Are Australian Employees on Strike? 2 An Australian company, according to the author, is prepared to offer prizes to its employees to encourage them
9、 to_. （ A） work over time （ B） work harder （ C） avoid sick leave （ D） go to work regularly 3 Many Australians are often absent from work chiefly because_. （ A） their work is boring （ B） their pay is low （ C） they can afford to enjoy life on fine days （ D） the climate is wonderful 4 What did Goodyear
10、 do as the first step to fight against absenteeism? （ A） They sent a letter to each employees home through the post office. （ B） They sent letters to employees homes in person. （ C） They gave away prizes first. （ D） They punished its employees severely. 5 The campaign of prize-awarding for attendanc
11、e_. （ A） was a success （ B） was a failure （ C） gained 556 working days （ D） suffered from an influenza epidemic 5 As the pace of life continues to increase, we are fast losing the art of relaxation. Once you are in the habit of rushing through life, being on the go from morning till night, it is har
12、d to slow down. But relaxation is essential for a healthy mind and body. Stress is a natural part of everyday life and there is no way to avoid it. In fact, it is not the bad thing as it is often supposed to be. A certain amount of stress is vital to provide motivation and give purpose to life. It i
13、s only when the stress gets out of control that it can lead to poor performance and ill health. The amount of stress a person can withstand depends very much on the individual. Some people are not afraid of stress, and such characters are obviously prime material for managerial responsibilities. Oth
14、ers lose heart at the first sight of unusual difficulties. When exposed to stress, in whatever form, we react both chemically and physically. In fact we make choice between “flight or fight“ and in more primitive days the choices made the difference between life or death. The crises we meet today ar
15、e unlikely to be so extreme, but however little the stress, it involves the same response. It is when such a reaction lasts long, through continued exposure to stress, that health becomes endangered. Such serious conditions as high blood pressure and heart diseases have established links with stress
16、. Since we cannot remove stress from our lives (it would be unwise to do so even if we could), we need to find ways to deal with it. 6 People are finding less and less time for relaxing themselves because_. （ A） they are becoming busier with their work （ B） they are traveling fast all the time （ C）
17、they do not believe that relaxation is important for health （ D） they do not know how to enjoy themselves 7 According to the writer, the most important character for a good manager is his_. （ A） having control over performance （ B） high sense of responsibility （ C） knowing the art of relaxation （ D）
18、 not fearing stress 8 Which of the following statements is true? （ A） Different people can withstand different amount of stress. （ B） It is easy to change the habit of keeping oneself busy with work. （ C） Stress is always harmful to people. （ D） We can find some ways to avoid stress. 9 In the sevent
19、h sentence of Para. 3, “such a reaction“ refers back to_. （ A） losing heart at the signs of difficulties （ B） responding to crises quickly （ C） reaction to stress both chemically and physically （ D） making a choice between flight or fight 10 In the last sentence of the passage, “do so“ refers to_. （
20、 A） establish links between diseases and stress （ B） remove stress from our lives （ C） find ways to deal with stress （ D） expose ourselves to stress 10 Nuclear powers danger to health, safety, and even life itself can be summed up in one word: radiation. Nuclear radiation has a certain mystery about
21、 it, partly because it cannot be detected by human senses. It cant be seen or heard, or touched or tasted, even though it may be all around us. There are other things like that. For example, radio waves are all around us but we cant sense radioactivity without a radiation detector. But unlike common
22、 radio waves, nuclear radiation is not harmless to human beings and other living things. At very high levels, radiation can kill an animal or human being outright by killing masses of cell in vital organs. But even the lowest levels can do serious damage. There is no level of radiation that is compl
23、etely safe. If the radiation does not hit anything important, the damage may not be significant. This is the case when only a few cells are hit, and if they are killed outright. Your body will replace the dead cells with healthy ones. But if the few cells are only damaged, and if they reproduce them
24、selves, you may be in trouble. They reproduce themselves in a deformed way. They can grow into cancer. Sometimes this does not show up for many years. There is another reason for some of the mystery about nuclear radiation. Serious damage can be done without the victim being aware at the time that d
25、amage has occurred. A person can be irradiated and feel fine, then die of cancer five, ten, or twenty years later as a result. Or a child can be born weak or liable to serious illness as a result of radiation absorbed by its grandparents. Radiation can hurt us. We must know the truth. 11 According t
26、o the passage, the danger of nuclear power lies in_. （ A） nuclear mystery （ B） radiation detection （ C） radiation level （ D） nuclear radiation 12 Radiation can cause serious consequences even at the lowest level_. （ A） when it kills few cells （ B） if it damages few cells （ C） though the damaged cell
27、s can repair themselves （ D） unless the damaged cells can reproduce themselves 13 The word “significant“ in Paragraph 3 most probably means_. （ A） remarkable （ B） meaningful （ C） fatal （ D） harmful 14 Radiation can hurt us in the way that it can_. （ A） kill large numbers of cells in main organs so a
28、s to cause death immediately （ B） damage cells which may grow into cancer years later （ C） affect the healthy growth of our offspring （ D） all of the above 15 Which of the following can be best inferred from the passage? （ A） The importance of protection from radiation cannot be over-emphasized. （ B
29、） The mystery about radiation remains unsolved. （ C） Cancer is mainly caused by radiation. （ D） Radiation can hurt those who are not aware of its danger. 15 When a consumer finds that an item she or he bought is faulty or in some other way does not live up to the manufacturers claim for it, the firs
30、t step is to present the warranty (担保 ,保单 )， or any other records which might help, at the store of purchase. In most cases, this action will produce results. However, if it does not, there are various means the consumer may use to gain satisfaction. A simple and common method used by many consumers
31、 is to complain directly to the store manager. In general, the “higher up“ the consumer takes his or her complaint, the faster he or she can expect it to be settled. In such a case, it is usually settled in the consumers favour, assuming he or she has a just claim. Consumers should complain in perso
32、n whenever possible, but if they cannot get to the place of purchase, it is acceptable to phone or write the complaint in a letter. Complaining is usually most effective when it is done politely but firmly, and especially when the consumer can demonstrate what is wrong with the item in question. If
33、this cannot be done, the consumer will succeed best by presenting specific information as to what is wrong, rather than by making general statements. For example, “The left speaker does not work at all and the sound coming out of the right one is unclear“ is better than “This stereo does not work“.
34、The store manager may advise the consumer to write to the manufacturer. If so, the consumer should do this, stating the complaint as politely and as firmly as possible. But if a polite complaint does not achieve the desired result, the consumer can go a step further. She or he can threaten to take t
35、he seller to court or report the seller to a private or public organization responsible for protecting consumers rights. 16 When a consumer finds that his purchase has a fault in it, the first thing he should do is to （ A） show some written proof of the purchase to the store （ B） write a firm letter
36、 of complaint to the store of purchase （ C） threaten to take the matter to court （ D） complain personally to the manager 17 If a consumer wants a quick settlement of his problem, its better to complain to_. （ A） a public organization （ B） the manufacturer （ C） the store manager （ D） a shop assistant
37、 18 The most effective complaint can be made by_. （ A） asking politely to change the item （ B） saying firmly that the item is of poor quality （ C） explaining exactly what is wrong with the item （ D） showing the faulty item to the manufacturer 19 The phrase “live up to“ (Line 2, Para. 1) in the conte
38、xt means_. （ A） keep the promise of （ B） fulfill the demands of （ C） realize the purpose of （ D） meet the standard of 20 The passage tells us_. （ A） how to deal with complaints from customers （ B） how to avoid a faulty item （ C） how to make an effective complaint about a faulty item （ D） how to sett
39、le a consumers complaint about a faulty item 20 This country is fully committed to the introduction of computers into schools. This is demonstrated by the fact that virtually all 600 high schools and about one-third of the 1 600 elementary schools are now using computers in one form or another. Anot
40、her third of the elementary schools are actively working to acquire computers. In addition, all teachers and college students must participate in at least one basic computer course. The main support for acquiring, maintaining and operating computers in schools has come from the “Educational Welfare
41、Program“ of the Ministry of Education, which is similar in many ways to Title I in the United States, and from the educational branch of “Project Renewal“, which is concerned with helping extremely poor neighborhoods and towns both physically and socially. As a result, most computers are found in sc
42、hools with many disadvantaged pupils. For example, the first school computer system was introduced in Netivot, which is a small development town in Negev Desert. The situation is now changing, support provided by the Educational Welfare Program and by Project Renewal is reducing and parental contrib
43、utions are being used to purchase computers in schools with many advantaged pupils. However, some of the slack (松懈 ,减弱，减缓 )created by reduced government support will be taken up by support from the national lottery (彩票 ), and it is likely that such support will be channeled largely to schools with m
44、any disadvantaged pupils. Control of government funding for software development, teacher training and purchase of equipment is centralized in a high-level committee of the Ministry of Education. In recent years about 50 percent of the funding went for the development of basic computer courses by va
45、rious universities and teachers colleges. About 30 percent went for general curriculum development and 20 percent went for purchase of equipment by schools and teachers colleges. 21 The number of the elementary schools to which computers have not yet been introduced is about_. （ A） 1 600 （ B） 600 （
46、C） 500 （ D） 1 000 22 In the second paragraph, the words, “disadvantaged pupils“ means_. （ A） slow learners （ B） poor pupils （ C） poor health pupils （ D） pupils neglected in society 23 Now the support for computer development in schools comes mainly from_. （ A） Educational Welfare, Project Renewal an
47、d the national lottery （ B） Educational Welfare and Project Renewal （ C） Project Renewal （ D） Educational Welfare Program 24 Implied but not stated: the business of the national lottery is_. （ A） similar to Title I in the United States （ B） organized by Ministry of Education （ C） non-government orga
48、nized （ D） government organized 25 Half of the government funding is distributed to_. （ A） basic computer courses （ B） general curriculum development （ C） purchase of equipment （ D） schools with many disadvantaged pupils 在职攻硕英语联考（阅读）模拟试卷 36答案与解析 一、 Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes, 40 poin
49、ts) Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each of the passages is followed by 5 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center. 【知识模块】 阅读 1 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 本题问本文的最佳标题 是什么。利用浏览式阅读法和跳跃式阅读法通读全文，我们可以总结出本文的主题：一家澳大利亚公司为了解决工人旷工问题所采取的奖励措施及其成效。因此，本题的正确答案应是 B“如何使工人上班工作 ”。 【知识模块】 阅读 2 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 本题是一道具体细节题。问文章作者指出，有家澳大利
