1、复旦大学考博英语模拟试卷 12及答案与解析 一、 Structure and Vocabulary 1 A stateless young man may have felt_after having been denied asylum and right of residence by many countries. （ A） intrigued （ B） initiated （ C） indicated （ D） intimidated 2 Like other religious groups, the Christian churchs strong emphasis on holi
2、ness is essential to salvation. （ A） deemed （ B） doomed （ C） destined （ D） depicted 3 Old Mr. Browns condition looks very serious and it is doubtful if he will _. （ A） pull off （ B） pull up （ C） pull through （ D） pull out 4 Russian women had to wear protective masks as they walked in Moscow, which w
3、as _ by a heavy smog yesterday. （ A） shrouded （ B） unveiled （ C） decayed （ D） deprived 5 Tom could hardly_his excitement as he knew that he had made a real discovery. （ A） conceal （ B） reveal （ C） show （ D） discover 6 If you want to go to the concert, youll have to make a _ ,or there will be no tick
4、ets. （ A） reservation （ B） punctuality （ C） compliment （ D） clarity 7 It is futile to discuss the matter further,because_going to agree upon anything today. （ A） neither you nor I are （ B） neither you nor me is （ C） neither you nor I am （ D） neither me nor you are 8 Nowadays, our government advocate
5、s credit to whatever we do or whoever we contact with. Once you _ your words, you will lose your social status and personal reputation. （ A） keep up with （ B） give away from （ C） go back on （ D） lose sight of 9 Diana made a lot of effort to persuade her parents into _ to her going to the United Stat
6、es to study business administration in MIT. （ A） contending （ B） contesting （ C） contenting （ D） consenting 10 (More and more) old people whose (grown-up children) pay little attention to them (gathered) together and organize (interesting activities) for themselves. （ A） More and more （ B） grown-up
7、children （ C） gathered （ D） interesting activities 11 In the time_ it is impossible for me to answer all the questions involved within this one question. （ A） allocated （ B） allotted （ C） distributed （ D） assigned 12 The landlady fired the servant who_household funds for her own rise. （ A） robbed （
8、B） pocketed （ C） mugged （ D） clenched 13 This computer is up-to-date “_“ a few shortcomings here and there. （ A） except （ B） except for （ C） except that （ D） but 14 Australia provides the only separate, _ laboratory in which dramatic Quaternary extinction occurred. （ A） natural continent-sized （ B）
9、natural and continent-sized （ C） continent-sized natural （ D） continent-sized and large 15 The unfortunate death of the genius poet caused _ loss to this country. （ A） priceless （ B） countless （ C） incalculable （ D） imaginable 16 If you _ the bottle and cigarettes, youll be much healthier. （ A） take
10、 off （ B） keep off （ C） get off. （ D） set off 17 The symphony concerts here are_by the municipal government （ A） subdued （ B） subscribed （ C） subordinated （ D） subsidized 18 That Pacific island attracts shoals of tourists with its rich _ of folk ans. （ A） heritage （ B） heredity （ C） heroism （ D） her
11、mitage 19 Permission to build the factory has been delayed by the complex _ between industrial and environmental interests. （ A） interplay （ B） collaboration （ C） concurrence （ D） attribution 20 Our new teacher is much younger than his _. （ A） successor （ B） predecessor （ C） colleague （ D） workmate
12、21 I am grateful for your _ invitation, and Id like to accept your offer with pleasure. （ A） delighted （ B） innocent （ C） gracious （ D） prestigious 22 The toy maker produces a _ copy of the space station, exact in every detail. （ A） minimal （ B） minimum （ C） miniature （ D） minor 23 The character arm
13、or consists of defensive character traits, like arrogance or apprehensiveness, that developed in childhood to _ painful feelings. （ A） turn aside （ B） ward off （ C） bread up （ D） watch over 24 A physical examination is a _ to joining the army. （ A） parliamentary （ B） preliminary （ C） elementary （ D）
14、 complementary 25 The wreckage of the exploded car _ the traffic. （ A） interfered （ B） interpreted （ C） disrupted （ D） corrupted 26 In spite of a problem with the _ equipment, some very useful work was accomplished. （ A） imperfect （ B） temporary （ C） emergency （ D） reinstalled 27 Some crops are rela
15、tively high yielders and could be planted in preference to others to_the food supply. （ A） enhance （ B） curb （ C） disrupt （ D） heighten 28 After the music had _ there was a storm of applause. （ A） died out （ B） died hard （ C） died off （ D） died away 29 She was so_in her work that she didnt notice me
16、 when I came in the room. （ A） suffocated （ B） dipped （ C） immersed （ D） submerged 30 Some of the words employed by Shakespeare in his works have become_and are no longer used in the present days. （ A） obsolete （ B） obscene （ C） obvious （ D） oblique 二、 Cloze 30 Standard English is the variety of Eng
17、lish which is usually used in print and which is normally taught in schools and to non-native speakers learning the language. It is also the variety which is normally【 1】 by educated people and used in news broadcasts and other【 2】 situations. The difference between standard and non-standard, it sho
18、uld be noted, has【 3】 in principle to do with differences between formal and colloquial【 4】 , standard English has colloquial as well as formal variants. 【 5】 , the standard variety of English is based on the London【 6】 of English that developed after the Norman Conquest resulted in the removal of t
19、he Court from Winchester to London. This dialect became the one【 7】 by the educated, and it was developed and promoted【 8】 a model, or norm, for wider and wider segments of society. It was also the【 9】 that was carried overseas, but not one unaffected by such export. Today,【 10】 English is arranged
20、to the extent that the grammar and vocabulary of English are【 11】 the same everywhere in the world where English is used;【 12】among local standards is real-ly quite minor,【 13】 the Singapore, South Africa, and Irish varieties are really very【 14】 different from one another so far as grammar and voca
21、bulary are【 15】 , Indeed, Standard English is so powerful that ii exerts a tremendous【 16】 on all local varieties, to the extent that many of long-established dialects of England have【 17】 much of their vigor and there is considerable pressure on them to be【 18】 . This latter situation is not unique
22、【 19】 English; it is also true in other countries where processes of standardization are【 20】 . But it sometimes creates problems for speakers who try to strike some kind of compromise between local norms and national, even supranational (跨国的 ) ones. （ A） said （ B） told （ C） talked （ D） spoken （ A）
23、same （ B） similar （ C） equal （ D） identical （ A） anything （ B） something （ C） nothing （ D） everything （ A） language （ B） vocabulary （ C） idioms （ D） words （ A） Surprisingly （ B） Historically （ C） Interestingly （ D） Generally （ A） accent （ B） pronunciation （ C） spelling （ D） dialect （ A） preferred （
24、B） learned （ C） praised （ D） created （ A） to （ B） in （ C） as （ D） for （ A） basis （ B） norm （ C） rule （ D） variety （ A） formal （ B） colloquial （ C） non-standard （ D） standard （ A） not （ B） very （ C） much （ D） hardly （ A） variation （ B） standardization （ C） unification （ D） transformation （ A） therefo
25、re （ B） but （ C） so that （ D） nevertheless （ A） great （ B） much （ C） no （ D） little （ A） talked （ B） concerned （ C） mentioned （ D） involved （ A） press （ B） pressure （ C） power （ D） force （ A） lost （ B） gained （ C） missed （ D） got （ A） abandoned （ B） changed （ C） standardized （ D） reformed （ A） in （
26、B） of （ C） for （ D） to （ A） in the way （ B） under way （ C） out of the way （ D） all the way 50 The ordinary family colonial North America was primarily concerned with sheer physical survival and beyond that, its own economic prosperity. Thus children were【 1】 in terms of their productivity, and they【
27、 2】 the role of producer quite early.【 3】they fulfilled this role, their position in the structure of the family was one of【 4】 , and their psychological needs and capacities received 【 5】 consideration. 【 6】 the society become more complex, the【 7】 of children in the family and in the society becom
28、e more important. In the complex, technological society that the United States has become, each member must fulfill a number of【 8】 and occupational roles and be in【 9】 contact with a great many other members. Consequently, viewing children as【 10】 acceptable and necessarily multifaceted members of
29、society means that they are【 11】 more as people in their own right than as utilitarian organisms. This acceptance of children as【 12】 participants in the contemporary family is【 13】 in the variety of statutes protecting the rights of children and in the social and public welfare programs【 14】 exclus
30、ively to their well-being. This new view of children and the increasing contact between the members of society has also【 15】 in a surge of interest in child-rearing techniques. People today spend a considerable portion of their time conferring【 16】 the proper way to bring up children. It is now poss
31、ible to【 17】 the details of the socialization of another persons child by spreading the gospel of current and fashionable theories and methods of child rearing. The socialization of the contemporary child in the United States is a two-way transaction between parent and child【 18】 a one-way, parent-t
32、o-child training programs. As a consequence, socializing children and living with them over a long【 19】 of time is for parents a mixture of【 20】 , satisfaction, and problems. （ A） dismissed （ B） valued （ C） scorned （ D） reared （ A） neglected （ B） assumed （ C） enhanced （ D） resumed （ A） Even if （ B）
33、Until （ C） Given that （ D） Before （ A） subordination （ B） superiority （ C） cooperation （ D） conviction （ A） much （ B） little （ C） some （ D） any （ A） When （ B） As （ C） Although （ D） If （ A） status （ B） boom （ C） legacy （ D） menace （ A） personal （ B） eligible （ C） fabulous （ D） foul （ A） fragile （ B）
34、constant （ C） futile （ D） void （ A） simultaneously （ B） consequently （ C） particularly （ D） potentially （ A） confined （ B） assimilated （ C） regarded （ D） examined （ A） equal （ B） active （ C） earnest （ D） recruited （ A） reflected （ B） marked （ C） stained （ D） selected （ A） subjected （ B） entitled （ C
35、） devoted （ D） adapted （ A） resulted （ B） involved （ C） caught （ D） immersed （ A） with （ B） on （ C） in （ D） to （ A） influence （ B） impress （ C） effect （ D） restrain （ A） rather than （ B） other than （ C） less than （ D） better than （ A） company （ B） period （ C） range （ D） extension （ A） admission （ B）
36、 pleasure （ C） nuisance （ D） concessior 70 When youre negotiating with someone, listen for the messages that he or she might be sending to you. For 【 C1】 _ , the word “difficult“ does not mean the same as impossible. Imagine youre staying in a hotel, 【 C2】 _ you want to change your room. The manager
37、s 【 C3】 _ of, “That would be very difficult, sir“, does not mean that 【 C4】 _ is saying “no“, it just means that he wants to know 【 C5】 _ you are prepared to offer him in return for the change of room. If you are buying a new ear, and want to pay 【 C6】 _ than the price being asked, 【 C7】 _ the sales
38、mans comment. “Im sorry, but we never negotiate on the price“ means that they do negotiate on 【 C8】 _ things, like the delivery time, or the “extras“ that might be available 【 C9】 _ part of the purchase. In the same car showroom, 【 C10】 _ the salesman says, “Sorry, I cant negotiate prices“, then you
39、r response should be to ask who 【 C11】 _ the message the salesman is sending suggests that his boss is the one 【 C12】 _ need to be talking to. In all of these situations, the message is 【 C13】 _ communicated in clear terms. In any negotiation, the two “players“ wish to get as 【 C14】 _ out of it as t
40、hey can, of course In the three examples above, the salesmen and hotel manager are hoping that you will 【 C15】 _ their price or conditions-but their “messages“ make it clear that there may be room for movement and compromise. 71 【 C1】 _ 72 【 C2】 _ 73 【 C3】 _ 74 【 C4】 _ 75 【 C5】 _ 76 【 C6】 _ 77 【 C7】
41、 _ 78 【 C8】 _ 79 【 C9】 _ 80 【 C10】 _ 81 【 C11】 _ 82 【 C12】 _ 83 【 C13】 _ 84 【 C14】 _ 85 【 C15】 _ 86 【 C10】 （ A） failure （ B） default （ C） irresponsibility （ D） responsibility 87 【 C9】 （ A） Furthermore （ B） Conversely （ C） Accordingly （ D） Nevertheless 87 When an invention is made, the inventor has t
42、hree possible【 41】 of action open to him: he can give the invention to the world by publishing it, keep the idea【 42】 , or patent it. A【 43】 patent is the result of a bargain【 44】 between an inventor and the state, but the inventor gets a limited period of monopoly and publishes full details of his
43、invention to the public after that period【 45】 . Only in the most exceptional circumstances【 46】 the lifespan of a patent【 47】 to alter this normal process of events. The longest extension ever【 48】 was to Georges Valensi; his 1939 patent for color TV receiver circuit was extended until 1971 because
44、 for most of the patents normal life there was no color TV to【 49】 and thus no hope for reward for the invention. Because a patent remains permanently【 50】 after it has terminated, the shelves of the library attached to the【 51】 office contain details of literally millions of ideas that are free for
45、 anyone to use and, if【 52】 than half a century, sometimes even re-patent. Indeed, patent experts often advise anyone【 53】 to avoid the high cost of conducting a search through【 54】 patents that the one sure way of violation of any other inventors right is to plagiarize a dead patent. Likewise, beca
46、use publication of an idea in any other form【 55】 invalidates further patents on that idea, it is traditionally【 56】 to take ideas from other areas of print. Much modern technological advance is【 57】 on these presumptions of legal security. Anyone closely【 58】 in patents and inventions soon learns t
47、hat most “new“ ideas are, in fact, as old as the hills. It is their reduction to commercial practice, either through necessity or dedication, or through the availability of new technology,【 59】 makes news and money. The basic patent for the theory for magnetic recording dates back to 1886. Many of t
48、he original ideas behind television originate【 60】 the late 19th and early 20th century. Even the Volkswagen rear engine car was anticipated by a 1904 patent for a cart with the horse at the rear. （ A） work （ B） possibility （ C） measures （ D） courses （ A） open （ B） covered （ C） secret （ D） improved （ A） granted （ B） granting （ C） inventing （ D） invented （ A） striking （ B） struck （ C） to be striking （ D） to strike （ A） terminating （ B） continuing （ C） continues （ D） terminates （ A） are （ B） to be （ C） be （ D） is （ A） extending （ B） will extend （ C） extended （ D） to be
