1、复旦大学考博英语模拟试卷 16及答案与解析 一、 Structure and Vocabulary 1 Our corporations obligation under this_is limited to repair or replacement. （ A） warranty （ B） license （ C） market （ D） necessity 2 They are a firm of good repute and have large financial_. （ A） reserves （ B） savings （ C） storages （ D） resources 3
2、In the past 10 years,the company has gradually_all of its smaller rivals. （ A） engaged （ B） occupied （ C） monopolized （ D） absorbed 4 We shall send you commercial invoice,bills of lading and insurance certificates so that you can_the goods on a D/P basis. （ A） consume （ B） complain （ C） concern （ D）
3、 claim 5 We have at present not any_of the furniture as you required. （ A） mark （ B） inventory （ C） stock （ D） account 6 As we are on the point of some important business with them,we should like to know exactly about their credit_. （ A） transmitting （ B） transferring （ C） transacting （ D） transport
4、ing 7 A year ago the firm had a_loss of 4.3 million dollars or 20 cents a share after all necessary deduction. （ A） total （ B） gross （ C） net （ D） clear 8 The mayor is a woman with great_and therefore deserves our political and financial support. （ A） intention （ B） instinct （ C） integrity （ D） inte
5、nsity 9 The soldier was of running away when the enemy_. （ A） scolded （ B） charged （ C） accused （ D） punished 10 When he arrived,he found_the aged and the sick at home. （ A） none but （ B） none other than （ C） nothing but （ D） no other than 11 Their profits have grown rapidly in recent years,and this
6、 upward_is expected to continue. （ A） action （ B） increase （ C） Tendency （ D） movement 12 My brother likes eating very much but he isnt very about the food he eats. （ A） special （ B） peculiar （ C） unusual （ D） particular 13 Dinner will be ready_.but we still have time for a drink. （ A） presently （ B
7、） currently （ C） lately （ D） finally 14 Scholars maintain that social development can easily_language changes. （ A） bring up （ B） bring about （ C） bring out （ D） bring forward 15 Let s not_over such a trifle! （ A） fall out （ B） fall through （ C） fall to （ D） fall behind 16 The question of salary inc
8、rease will_at the next general meeting. （ A） come off （ B） come up （ C） come to （ D） come through 17 He was a brilliant musician as a boy,but he never_his early promise. （ A） completed （ B） performed （ C） concluded （ D） fulfilled 18 The gloves were really too small, and it was only by_hem that I can
9、 get them on. （ A） stretching （ B） spreading （ C） extending （ D） squeezing 19 The manager gave her his_that the complaint would be investigated. （ A） admission （ B） allowance （ C） assurance （ D） insurance 20 He is very_and well-qualified,so he should reach the top of this profession. （ A） ambitious
10、（ B） urgent （ C） proud （ D） jealous 21 In general,the amount that a student spends for housing should be held to one- fifth of the total for living expenses. （ A） acceptable （ B） advisable （ C） available （ D） applicable 22 Every man in this country has the right to live where he wants to,_the color
11、of his skin. （ A） with the exception of （ B） in the light of （ C） by virtue of （ D） regardless of 23 Housewives who do not go out to work often feel they are not working to their full_. （ A） capacity （ B） strength （ C） length （ D） possibility 24 I hate people who_the end of film that you havent seen
12、 before. （ A） reveal （ B） rewrite （ C） revise （ D） reverse 25 Hes watching TV? Hes_to be cleaning his room. （ A） known （ B） supposed （ C） regarded （ D） considered 26 The old couple decided to_a boy and a girl though they had three children of their own. （ A） adapt （ B） bring （ C） receive （ D） adopt
13、27 The government is trying to do something to_better understanding between the two countries. （ A） raise （ B） promote （ C） heighten （ D） increase 28 The newspaper did not mention the_of the damage caused by the fire. （ A） range （ B） level （ C） extent （ D） quantity 29 Edison tested more than one tho
14、usand materials to see if they could_electric current and glow. （ A） bring （ B） make （ C） carry （ D） produce 30 In most countries,the metric system has been_for all measurement. （ A） admitted （ B） adapted （ C） applied （ D） adopted 二、 Reading Comprehension 30 In addition to redistributing incomes,inf
15、lation may affect the total real income and production of the community. An increase in prices is usually associated with high employment. In moderate inflation,industries are operating efficiently and output is near capacity. There is a great deal of private investment and jobs are plentiful. Such
16、has been the historical pattern. Thus many business persons and union leaders,in evaluating a little deflation and a little inflation,consider the latter to be the lesser of two evils. In mild inflation,the losses to fixed-income groups are usually less than gains to the rest of the community. Even
17、worker with relatively fixed wages are often better off because of improved employment opportunities and greater take-home pay,a rise in interest rates on new securities may partly compensate for any losses to creditor,and increases in pension benefits may partly make losses to retirees. In deflatio
18、n,on the other hand,the growing unemployment of labor and capital causes the communitys total well-being to be less; so in a sense,the gainers get less than the losers lose. As a matter of fact,in a depression,or a time of severe deflation,almost everyone suffers,including the creditor who is left w
19、ith uncollectible debts. For these reasons as increase in consumption of investment spending is considered good in times of unemployment,even if this tends to increase prices slightly. When the economic system is suffering from severe depression,few people will criticize private or public spending o
20、n the ground that this might be inflationary. Actually,most of this increased spending will increase production and create jobs. Once,full employment and full plant capacity have been reached,however,any further increases in spending are likely to be completely wasted in prices increase. 31 “Histori
21、cal patterns“ mentioned in the passage means that in mild inflation_. （ A） there will be more production and employment （ B） private investment will be moderate and peoples income influenced （ C） the bad effects of the two evils will be associated with each other （ D） industrial revolution made men
22、and women more equal 32 Which of the following happens if there is mild inflation? （ A） Everyone loses because of the increase of prices. （ B） Retired people do experience any influence. （ C） Creditors gain rather than lose with a rise in interest rates. （ D） Some people gain more while other lose.
23、33 In times of inflation_. （ A） people like private or public investment （ B） there is usually full plant capacity （ C） creditors suffer more than other people （ D） everyone suffers and no one gains 34 The authors attitude towards investment is that_. （ A） the more the investment,the better the econ
24、omy （ B） private investment is better than public investment （ C） investment should be set to a limit （ D） investment at the time of inflation is considered better than at the time of deflation 35 Which of the following is clearly the authors own opinion? （ A） The lesser of the two evils is not defl
25、ation but inflation （ B） Peoples income is influenced by both inflation and deflation. （ C） Investment is good in times of deflation and unemployment. （ D） Private and public investment can cause inflation during deflation. 35 Perhaps all criminals should be required to carry cards which read: Fragi
26、le; Handle with Care. It will never so,these days to go around referring to criminals as violent thugs. You must refer to them politely as “social misfits. The professional killer who wouldnt think twice about using his club or knife to batter some harmless old lady to death in order to rob her of h
27、er meager life-savings must never be given a dose of his own medicine. He is in need of “hospital treatment“. According to his misguided defenders,society is to blame. A wicked society breeds evil-or so the argument goes. When you listen to this kind of talk.it makes you wonder why we arent all crim
28、inals. We have done away with the absurdly harsh laws of the nineteenth century and this is only right. But surely enough is enough. The most senseless piece of criminal legislation in Britain and a number of other countries has been the suspension of capital punishment. The violent criminal has bec
29、ome akin of hero-figure in our time. He is glorified on the screen; he is pursued by the press and paid vast sums of money for his “memoirs“. Newspapers which specialize in crime reporting enjoy enormous circulations and the publishers of trashy cops and robbers stories or “murder mysteries“ have ne
30、ver had it so good. When you read about the achievements of the great train robbers.it makes you wonder whether you are reading about the some glorious resistance movement. The hardened criminal is cuddled and cosseted by the sociologists on the one hand and adored as a hero by the masses on the oth
31、er. Its no wonder he is a privileged person who expects and receives VIP treatment wherever he goes. Capital punishment used to be a major deterrent. It made the violent robber think twice before pulling the trigger. It gave the cold-blooded poisoner something to ponder about while he was shaking up
32、 or serving his arsenic cocktail. It prevented unarmed policemen from being killed while pursuing their duty by killers armed with automatic weapons. Above all,it protected the most vulnerable members of society, young children,from brutal violence. It is horrifying to think that the criminal can li
33、terally get away with murder. We all know that “life sentence“ does not mean what it says. After ten years or so of good comfortably, thank you,on the proceeds of his crime,of he will go on committing offences until he is caught a-gain. People are always willing to hold liberal views at the expense
34、of others. Its always fashionable to pose as the defender of under-dog.so long as you,personally,remain unaffected. Did the defenders of crime,one wonders,in their desire for fair-play,consult the victims before they suspended capital punishment? Hardly. You see,they couldnt,because all the victims
35、were dead. 36 What is the main idea of the text? （ A） Society is to blame for the rising crime （ B） All the criminals are to be sympathized. （ C） Crime defenders have done a lot for criminals （ D） Severe punishment should be used to prevent crime. 37 In the authors opinion,all the following are to b
36、lame for crime EXCEPT_. （ A） society （ B） the criminals themselves （ C） the suspension of life sentence （ D） the defenders role 38 The word “deterrent“(Line 1,Para. 3)most probably means “_“ （ A） threat （ B） delay （ C） determination （ D） hindrance 39 What is the tone of the text? （ A） Critical （ B）
37、Cynical （ C） Ironic （ D） Humorous 40 What is the authors attitude toward capital punishment? （ A） Negative （ B） Sympathetic （ C） Supportive （ D） Neutral 40 The gravitational pull of the Earth and moon is important to us as we attempt to conquer more and more of outer-space. Heres why. As a rocket le
38、aves the Earth,the pull of the Earth on it becomes less and less as the rocket roars out into space. If you imagine a line between the Earth the pull of the Earth and the moon,there is a point somewhere along that line,nearer to the moon than to the Earth,at which the gravitation pull of both the Ea
39、rth and the moon on an object is just about equal. An object placed on the moon side of that point would be drawn to the moon. An object placed on the Earth side of that point would be drawn to the Earth. Therefore,a rocket need be sent only to this “point of no return“ in order to get it to the moo
40、n. The moons gravity will pull it the rest of the way. The return trip of the rocket to Earth is,in some ways,less of a problem. The Earths gravitational field reaches far closer to the moon than does the moons to Earth. Thus it will be necessary to fire an Earth-bound rocket only a few thousand mil
41、es away from the moon to reach a point where the rocket will drift to earth under the Earths gravitational pull. The problem of rocket travel is not so much concerned with getting the rocket into space as it is with guiding the rocket after it leaves the Earths surface. Remember that the moon is con
42、stantly circling the Earth. A rocket fired at the moon and continuing in the direction in which it was fired would miss the moon by a wide margin and perhaps continue to drift out into space until “captured“ in another planets gravitational field. To reach the moon,a rocket must be fired toward the
43、point where the moon will be when the rocket has traveled the required distance. This requires precise calculations of the speed and direction of the rocket and of the speed and direction of the moon. For a rocket to arrive at a point where the moons gravity will pull it the rest of the way.it must
44、reach a speed called velocity of escape. This speed is about 25,000 miles per hour. At a speed less than this,a rocket will merely circle the Earth in an orbit and eventually fall back to Earth. 41 This passage deals mainly with_. （ A） the gravitational pull of the Earth and the moon （ B） the factor
45、s involved in firing a rocket into the outer-space （ C） the gravitational fields of the Earth and the moon （ D） the speed and direction of a rocket traveling in the outer-space 42 It can be seen that if a rocket misses its target.it keeps on traveling through space until_. （ A） it burns up （ B） it i
46、s caught in the gravitational field of another planet （ C） it is brought back to the Earth by scientists （ D） it runs out of fuel 43 A rocket might miss its target,by a “wide margin“. This means the rocket missed the target_. （ A） because of mechanical failure （ B） by a great deal （ C） by a small di
47、stance （ D） because the target moved 44 According to the passage,the most difficult task of firing a rocket is_. （ A） to get the rocket into the space （ B） to calculate the rockets velocity of escape （ C） to guide the rocket after it leaves the Earths surface （ D） to identify the gravitational field
48、s of the Earth and the moon 45 Precise calculations are_. （ A） good guesses （ B） simple problems （ C） big errors （ D） exact 45 A hundred years ago it was assumed and scientifically “proved“ by economists that the laws of society make it necessary to have a vast army of poor and jobless people in ord
49、er to keep the economy going. Today,hardly anybody would dare to voice the principle. It is generally accepted that nobody should be excluded from the wealth of the nation,either by the law of nature or by those of society. The opinions are outdated,which were current a hundred years ago,that the poor owed their conditions to their ignorance,lack of responsibility. In all western industrialized countries,a system of insu
