1、复旦大学考博英语模拟试卷 19及答案与解析 一、 Structure and Vocabulary 1 My father never gave me_. （ A） many advice （ B） many advices （ C） much advice （ D） a lot of advices 2 She took him_and led him across the road. （ A） by his hand （ B） by the hand （ C） with hand （ D） with the hand 3 I dont think he is to blame,_? （ A
2、） do I （ B） is he （ C） isnt he （ D） does he 4 _I know the money is safe, I shall not worry about it. （ A） Even though （ B） Unless （ C） As long as （ D） However 5 He couldnt lie convincingly enough to take a child_. （ A） away （ B） down （ C） in （ D） up 6 The parents were worried about Dorothy because n
3、o one was aware_she had gone. （ A） where that （ B） of where （ C） where （ D） the place 7 It was not until she returned home_she realized she had almost wasted ten of her valuable hours. （ A） and （ B） when （ C） then （ D） that 8 There has not been a great response to the sale,_? （ A） does it （ B） has i
4、t （ C） does there （ D） has there 9 Anthropology is a science_anthropologists use a rigorous set of methods and techniques to document observations that can be checked by others. （ A） in that （ B） that in （ C） that （ D） in 10 The activities of the international marketing researcher are frequently muc
5、h broader than_. （ A） the domestic marketer has （ B） those of the domestic marketer （ C） the domestic marketer does （ D） that which has the domestic marketer 11 Im surprised at there_an index. （ A） not to be （ B） to be not （ C） not being （ D） being not 12 I_this soup. I_pepper in it. （ A） am tasting
6、.am tasting （ B） am tasting.taste （ C） taste.am tasting （ D） taste.have tasted 13 _.explorers could never have found the cave. （ A） But for the fissure had been spotted （ B） If not the fissure had been spotted （ C） Had the fissure not been spotted （ D） Had not the fissure been spotted 14 John often
7、sits in a small bar,drinking and smoking considerably more_. （ A） than that he is healthy （ B） than good for his health （ C） than his health could （ D） than is good for his health 15 This_girl is Marys cousin. （ A） pretty little Swedish （ B） Swedish little pretty （ C） Swedish pretty little （ D） litt
8、le pretty Swedish 16 We are not on very good_with the people next door. （ A） friendship （ B） relations （ C） will （ D） terms 17 Usually newspapers_for people with intellectual interests. （ A） suit （ B） furnish （ C） regard （ D） cater 18 The overcrowded living conditions_a heavy strain on the family. （
9、 A） set （ B） put （ C） made （ D） pressed 19 The supply of apples exceeds the_this year. （ A） request （ B） claim （ C） requirement （ D） demand 20 I must take this watch to be repaired:it_over twenty minutes a day. （ A） increases （ B） progresses （ C） accelerates （ D） gains 21 By Christmas_I in this offi
10、ce for ten years. （ A） will work （ B） will he working （ C） will have been working （ D） will have worked 22 The individual TV viewer invariably senses that he or she is_anonymous,statistically insignificant part of a huge and diverse audience. （ A） everything except （ B） anything but （ C） no less tha
11、n （ D） nothing more than 23 Apart from an interesting-looking carved dagger,the box was full of crockery,much of it_. （ A） break （ B） to break （ C） breaking （ D） broken 24 Jims score on the test is the highest;he_hard. （ A） should have studied （ B） could have studied （ C） must have studied （ D） coul
12、d study 25 The newspapers in my hometown dont have as many pages as they_here. （ A） are （ B） do （ C） have （ D） can he 26 “That English fellows songs are very poetic“.“_the words to the songs,but he also composes the music.“ （ A） He also writes （ B） Although he writes （ C） Not only does he write （ D）
13、 It Is not all that he writes 27 _a research student,I would at least master two foreign languages. （ A） Should I become （ B） I should become （ C） Would I become （ D） Have I become 28 When the stranger walked towards him,he fled,the door_behind him. （ A） slammed （ B） to slam （ C） slant （ D） slamming
14、 29 It is important that an undergraduate_a grade point average of “B“ in his major field. （ A） maintains （ B） maintain （ C） will maintain （ D） shall maintain 30 The farmer put up iron fences around the flower_garden neighbors sheep should break in. （ A） on condition that （ B） now that （ C） lest （ D
15、） but 二、 Reading Comprehension 30 On September 7,2001,a 68-year-old woman in Strasbourg,France,had her gall bladder(胆囊 )removed by surgeons operating,via computer from New York. It was the first complete telesurgery procedure performed by surgeons nearly 4,000 miles away from their patient. In New Y
16、ork, Marescaux teamed up with surgeon Michel Gagner to perform the historic long-distance operation. A high-speed fiber-optic service provided by France Telecom made the connection between New York and Strasbourg. The two surgeons controlled the instruments using an advanced robotic surgical system,
17、designed by Computer Motion Inc.that enabled the procedure to be minimally invasive. The patient was released from the hospital after about 48 hours and regained normal activity the following week. The high-speed fiber-optic connection between New York and France made it possible to overcome a key o
18、bstacle to telesurgery time delay. It was crucial that a continuous time delay of less than 200 milliseconds be maintained throughout the operation,between the surgeons movements in New York and the return video(from Strasbourg)on his screen. The delay problem includes video coding decoding and sign
19、al transmission time. France Telecoms engineers achieved an average time delay of 150 milliseconds. “I felt as comfortable operating on my patient as if I had been in the room,“ says Marescaux. The successful collaboration(合作 )among medicine,advanced technology,and telecommunications is likely to ha
20、ve enormous implications for patient care and doctor training. Highly skilled surgeons may soon regularly perform especially difficult operations through long-distance procedures. The computer systems used to control surgical movement can also lead to a breakthrough in teaching surgical techniques t
21、o a new generation of physicians. More surgeons-in-training will have the opportunity to observe their teachers in action in telesurgery operating rooms around the world. Marescaux describes the success of the remotely performed surgical procedure as the beginning of a “third revolution“ in surgery
22、within the last decade. The first was the arrival of minimally invasive surgery,enabling procedures to be performed with guidance by a camera,meaning that the abdomen(腹部 )and thorax(胸腔 )do not have to be opened. The second was the introduction of computer-assisted surgery,where complicated software
23、algorithms(计算法 )enhance the safety of the surgeons movements during a procedure,making them more accurate,while introducing the concept of distance between the surgeon and the patient. It was thus natural to imagine that this distance-currently several meters in the operating room-could potentially
24、be up to several thousand kilometers. 31 The title that best expresses the main idea is_. （ A） How The Second Revolution in Surgery Comes Out （ B） The Telesurgery Revolution （ C） A Patient Was Saved （ D） Dream Comes True 32 The italicized Word “telesurgery“(Para.1 .sentence 2)can be best explained a
25、s_. （ A） an operation done over a distance （ B） an operation done on television （ C） an operation demanding special skill （ D） an operation demanding high technology 33 How long did it take the patient to resume her normal activity after the operation_. （ A） 24 hours （ B） 48 hours （ C） about a week
26、（ D） almost a month 34 What is the major barrier to telesurgery? （ A） distance （ B） advanced technology （ C） delay （ D） medical facilities 35 The writer implies that_. （ A） difficult operation can be successfully performed all over the world now （ B） compared to the “third revolution“ in surgery,the
27、 first two are less important （ C） all patients can be cured by a gall bladder-removal operation （ D） a new breakthrough has been made in surgery 35 The multi-billion-dollar Western pop music industry is under fire. It is being blamed by the United Nations for the dramatic rise in drug abuse worldwi
28、de. “The most worrisome development is a culture of drug-friendliness that seems to be gaining prominence(显著 ),“ said the UNs 13-member International Narcotics Control Board in a report released in late February 1998. The 74-page study says that pop music,as a global industry,is by far the most infl
29、uential trend-setter for young people of most cultures. “Some lyrics advocate the smoking of marijuana(大麻 )or taking other drugs,and certain pop stars make statements and set examples as if the use of drugs for non-medicinal purposes were a normal and acceptable part of a persons lifestyle,“ the stu
30、dy says. Surprisingly,says the Board,the effect of drug-friendly pop music seems to survive despite the occasional shock of death by overdose(过量用药 ). “Such incidents tend to be seen as an occasion to mourn the loss of a role model,and not an opportunity to confront the deadly effect of recreational
31、drug use,“ it notes. Since the 1970s,several internationally famous singers and movie stars-including Elvis Presley,Janice Joplin.John Belushi.Jimi Hendrix,Jonathan Melvin and Andy Gibbs-have died of either drug abuse or drug related illnesses. With the globalization of popular music,messages tolera
32、ting or promoting drug abuse are now reaching beyond their countries of origin. “In most countries,the names of certain pop stars have become familiar to the members of every household,“ the study says. The UN study also blames the media for its description of certain drug issues-especially the use
33、of marijuana and issues of liberalization and legalization-which encourages,rather than prevents,drug abuse. “Over the last years,we have seen how drug abuse is increasingly regarded as being acceptable or even attractive,“ says The UN study also blames the media for its description of certain drug
34、issues-especially the use of marijuana and issues of liberalization and legalization. “Powerful pressure groups run political campaigns aimed at legalizing controlled drugs,“ he says. Ghodse also points out that all these developments have created an environment which is tolerant of or even favorabl
35、e to drug abuse and spoils international drug prevention efforts currently underway. The present study.be says,focuses on the issue of demand reduction and prevention within an environment that has become tolerant of drug abuse. The Board calls on governments to do their legal and moral duties,and t
36、o act against the pro-drug messages of the youth culture to which young people increasingly are being exposed. 36 Which of the following statements does the author tend to agree with? （ A） The use of drugs for non-medicinal purposes is an acceptable part of a persons lifestyle. （ B） The spreading of
37、 pop music may cause the drug abuse to go beyond country,boundaries. （ C） No efforts have been made to prevent the spreading of drug abuse. （ D） The governments have no ability to act against the pro-drug messages of the youth culture. 37 The italicized phrase “under fire“(Para. 1 .sentence 1)means_
38、. （ A） in an urgent situation （ B） facing some problems （ C） being criticized （ D） quite popular 38 Under the influence of drug-friendly pop music,what might the youth think of the death of some pop stars caused by overdose? （ A） They tend to mourn the pop stars as role models. （ B） They are shocked
39、 to know even pop stars may abuse drugs. （ C） They try to confront the deadly effect of “recreational“ drug use. （ D） They may stop abusing the drugs. 39 Which of the following is not mentioned in the passage as a factor that has contributed to creating an environment tolerant of or even favorable t
40、o drug abuse? （ A） The spreading of pop music （ B） The media （ C） Political campaigns run by powerful pressure groups （ D） The low price of some drugs 40 The pop music_. （ A） has a great influence on young people of most cultures （ B） only appeals to a small number of young people （ C） is not a prof
41、itable industry （ D） is the only culprit(罪魁祸首 )responsible for drug amuse 40 The Alaska pipeline starts at the frozen edge of the Arctic Ocean. It stretches southward across the largest and northern most state in the United States,ending at a remote ice-free seaport village nearly 800 miles from whe
42、re it begins. It is massive in size and extremely operate. The steel pipe cresses windswept plains and endless miles of delicate tundra that tops the frozen ground. It weaves through crooked canyons,climbs sheer mountains,plunges over rocky crags,makes its way through thick forests,and passes over o
43、r under hundreds of rivers and streams. The pipe is 4 feet in diameter,and up to 2 million barrels of crude oil can be pumped through it daily. Resting on H-shaped steel racks called “bents“, long sections of the pipeline follow a zigzag course high above the frozen earth. Other long sections drop o
44、ut of sight beneath spongy or rocky ground and return to the surface later on. The pattern of the pipelines up-and-down route is determined by the often harsh demands of the arctic and subarctic climate,the tortuous lay of the land,and the varied compositions of soil,rock,or permanently frozen groun
45、d. A little more than half of the pipeline is elevated above the ground. The remainder is buried anywhere from 3 to 12 feet,depending largely upon the type of terrain and the properties of the soil. One of the largest in the world,the pipeline cost approximately $ 8 billion and is by far the biggest
46、 and most expensive construction project ever undertaken by private industry. In fact.no single business could raise that much money,so 8 major oil companies formed a consortium in order to share the costs. Each company controlled oil rights to particular shares of land in the oil fields and paid in
47、to the pipeline-construction fund according to the size of its holdings. Today,despite enormous problems of climate,supply shortages,equipment breakdowns,labor disagreements,treacherous terrain,a certain amount of mismanagements ,and even theft ,the Alaska pipeline has been completed and is operatin
48、g. 41 The passage primarily discusses the pipelines_. （ A） operating costs （ B） employees （ C） consumers （ D） construction 42 The word “it“(Para. 1 .sentence 3)refers to_. （ A） pipeline （ B） ocean （ C） state （ D） village 43 The author mentions all of the following as important in determining the pip
49、elines route EXCEPT the_. （ A） climate （ B） lay of the land itself （ C） local vegetation （ D） kind of soil and rock 44 How many companies shared the costs of constructing the pipeline? （ A） 3 （ B） 4 （ C） 8 （ D） 12 45 Which of the following determined what percentage of the construction costs each member of the consortium would pay? （ A） How much oil field land each company owned. （ B） How long each company had owned land in the oil fields. （ C） H
