1、大学英语六级改革适用（阅读）模拟试卷 114及答案与解析 Section A 0 What if clothing was more than just an accessory? The green movement is not new to fashion, and many designers and manufacturers have been actively seeking out ways to ensure their garments have less of an environmental impact. But what if your clothes were a
2、ctually able to have a【 C1】 _impact on the environment? This vision is one shared by the two founders of Catalytic(接触反应的 )Clothing: Professor Tony Ryan, a scientist from the University of Sheffield, and Professor Helen Storey, a designer and artist from the London College of Fashion. Together they a
3、re working on a project that draws on the growing field of nanotechnology(纳米技术 )to create a fabric【 C2】 _that can break down pollutants in the air. “ In a sense, its a recycling of an existing technology that exists in toothpaste and sunscreen,“ Professor Storey explains. The additive contains nanop
4、articles of titanium dioxide which act as a catalyst(触媒剂；催化剂 ). When light hits these particles, they react with oxygen to make what is essentially a peroxide(过氧化物 )bleach. This in turn reacts with air【 C3】 _such as nitric oxide and breaks them down. While this technology could be used to create an
5、entirely new fabric, Professor Ryan thinks that it has greater potential as an additive. “ It only needs to be on the surface,“ he says. “You dont【 C4】 _it in the fibers, and that means that its really easy to upgrade existing fabrics with the technology. We think the best way to do this is via the
6、laundry, because everyone washes their clothes. “ Jeans have been a particular focus of Catalytic Clothing, both because they are widely prevalent as well as that the particles【 C5】 _especially well to cotton denim. And while the amount of air pollutants broken down by any one individual wearing cat
7、alyzed jeans is minor,【 C6】 _, we can have a huge impact on the quality of the air and therefore respiratory health,“ Storey says. According to Ryan, 4 people wearing catalyzed jeans in a day would【 C7】 _the nitric oxide air pollution created by one car. The future might be one in which this polluti
8、on-busting fabric additive is so【 C8】_that we no longer give it a second thought, like fluoride(氟化物 )in tap water. Though at the moment its not commercially【 C9】 _, Ryan estimates that it could be within a year or less. Catalytic Clothing is aiming for mass【 C10】 _The day is near when well be able t
9、o make our clothes work for us in more ways than one. A)excessively I)degradation B)collectively J)neutralize C)positive K)pervasive D)automate L)additive E)adoption M)baffle F)embed N)bind G)respective O)available H)pollutants 1 【 C1】 2 【 C2】 3 【 C3】 4 【 C4】 5 【 C5】 6 【 C6】 7 【 C7】 8 【 C8】 9 【 C9】
10、10 【 C10】 Section B 10 Can the PC Industry Resurrect Itself? AInternet Data Centers(IDC)recent report stated that PC shipments declined 13.9% last quarter, the worst since IDC has been tracking PCs. It says a lot about the state of the PC industry. The role PCs are playing in peoples lives is changi
11、ng, and the growing demand for tablets and smart phones has taken its toll on the PC market. Last week my son Ben, in his column for TIME Tech entitled The iPad-Sized Nail in the PCs Coffin laid much of the blame on the iPad for deflating PC sales. Ben also made the point that people are either keep
12、ing their current PCs longer or if they buy a new PC or laptop, they buy cheaper models because they are good enough“ to use for any computing needs that cant be accomplished on a tablet. BBut is the PC really dead? And if not, how will PC vendors respond to this challenge from tablets and smart pho
13、nes? It turns out that people have found they can do as much as 80% on a tablet that they used to do on a PC. However, they have also found out that tablets by themselves cannot meet all of their digital computing needs, especially for handling things like media management, extensive photo editing,
14、making complex home movies, doing their taxes and other similar tasks. This suggests that if they only need a PC 20% of the time, the need to buy an expensive PC does not make sense for most people. CFor the past 10 years, a good part of PC sales were for laptops and PCs in the $799-$999 range those
15、 which have higher-end processors, extended graphics capabilities and more on-board memory and hard drive space than laptops and PCs priced well below $699. We are hearing from consumers that if they only use a PC or laptop 20% of the time, the highest price they want to pay is $599, with most prefe
16、rring price points of $399-$449. This is why Ultrabook sales have been very disappointing for the PC vendors who hoped that their touch-based Ultrabooks priced from $799- $ 1099 would be big sellers. DWhile PC vendors are quite aware of the shift in consumer buying trends for PCs, they are not about
17、 to give up without a fight. Almost all are trying to do tablets of their own and some, like Lenovo, are even doing smart phones and have actually done quite well in the Asian and Chinese smart phone markets. I think that reality has sunk in for the vendors, and they now understand that the market f
18、or laptops and PCs in the $699-$999 price point is being marginalized. EThe good news is that there is still healthy demand for upscale laptops and PCs in the $ 1099- $ 1499 price range. But demand for these is mostly in the IT, business and SMB market, a much smaller market than the consumer sector
19、. Even though volume in these is smaller than those that sell into the consumer market, the margins are good, so these vendors are happy with what they call the premium market for PCs. However, they are also shifting much of their efforts to creating low cost clamshell-based(翻盖式物品 )laptops and table
20、ts with very aggressive pricing, and hope to use these to lure millions of PC users who have tablets but still need a PC for some tasks to upgrade their current PCs to more up-to-date touch-based models. FIn fact, Intel CEO Paul Otellini gave us some indication of Intel and its PC partners strategy
21、last week when he spoke on a conference call regarding Intels recent earnings announcement. He said, “If you look at touch-enabled non-core Intel-based notebooks that are ultrathin. those prices are going to be down to as low as $ 200,“ hinting perhaps at more affordable laptops and Windows 8 tablet
22、s on the horizon. We are hearing that all of the PC vendors are working on what they call “ ultramobiles, “ which are very low cost touch-based clamshells and convertible tablets for this holiday season. GKey to understanding ultramobile designs is that while some will look like normal laptops or co
23、nvertibles, to get this distinction, and to qualify for Microsofts low cost license to use Windows Blue, they have to be systems that only use Intels Atom chip or a similar competitive one from AMD. Ultimately, the vendors believe these ultramobiles could help drive PC sales higher due to consumers
24、demand to upgrade their laptops to touch-based systems. By the way, clamshell-based Chromebooks are in this ultramobile category too, even though they use Googles Chrome web browser as the operating system. HConsumers have gotten very comfortable with touch interfaces on their smart phones and table
25、ts and it is logical that they would want a similar interface on any new PC or laptop they upgrade to in the future. Indeed, this is what Intel, Microsoft and their PC partners are banking on. While they accept that users primary computing tasks are shifting to smart phones and tablets, they are con
26、vinced that even if they use a PC for 20% of their digital computing needs, the next one they buy will be touch-based. While Intel, Microsoft and the vendors would prefer selling people touchscreen ultrabooks at higher prices, they are now realizing that consumers want really low priced touch-based
27、laptops that are good enough to handle anything they cant get done on a tablet or smart phone. This is why ultramobile devices are being created. ISo what does this mean for consumers this fall? Although consumers have been able to buy what we call value notebooks well under $ 599 for some time, mos
28、t of these use older processors, non-touch screens, and traditional hard drives and are bulky with poor battery life; their days are numbered. The industry will still offer some of these types of value notebooks for at least another year. But the push will be very strong from Intel, AMD and Microsof
29、t to drive everyone to touch-based laptops in various price ranges, making it more likely that if a person needs to buy a new PC there will be a touch-based Windows 8 laptop they can afford. I suspect that within 12-18 months, non-touch-based laptops of any flavor will be hard to find. JWhat consume
30、rs can expect this fall are ultramobiles using either Intels Atom processor or the Temash version from AMD, with touchscreens, SSD drives, and thin and light designs. They will come in many flavors. Some will be traditional clamshells, sporting screens from 10.1 to 11. 6 inches. Some will be what we
31、 call convertibles, which are clamshells that look like a traditional laptops but the screens pop off to become tablets. KSome models will be like Lenovos Yoga, a laptop in which the screen folds back to make it a tablet, except the screen is not detachable. And some will be exactly like Microsofts
32、current Surface Pro or Surface RT models. More importantly, they will all be priced under $ 599 with some coming in as low as $ 399-499 by the holidays. Vendors will also offer Ultrabooks that use Intels dual-core processors, flash memory, touchscreens and also be thin and light but they will all be
33、 at least $ 599 and up. LAlthough the PC market is changing, it is clear that for many people, a PC or laptop could still be important. The industry is ready to move these people to touch-based systems with the next generation of user interfaces, at all types of price ranges. PC makers will try and
34、make themselves as relevant as possible to the business and consumer markets for as long as they can. 11 Intel, Microsoft and their PC partners believe that consumers will accept PCs with touch interfaces out of their habits. 12 Tablets cant meet peoples all kinds of digital computing needs. 13 The
35、Ultrabook sales are disappointing for the PC vendors because of the unexpected higher price. 14 IDCs recent report shows that peoples demand for PCs is declining. 15 Lenovos Yoga can be turned into a tablet by folding back the screen. 16 PC vendors are happy with the market for high-end PCs because
36、they can get higher marginal profits. 17 Value notebooks will soon be replaced by touch-based laptops. 18 The new ultramobiles that will meet consumers this fall will be designed thin and light. 19 Although PC vendors are quite aware of the declining sales of PCs, they are not discouraged but decide
37、 to diversify their products. 20 The touch-based systems that the PC industry will supply the market are at various price ranges. Section C 20 It is plain common sense the more happiness you feel, the less unhappiness you experience, but it is not true. Recent research reveals that happiness and unh
38、appiness are not really flip sides of the same emotion. They are two distinct feelings that, coexisting, rise and fall independently. The recognition that feelings of happiness and unhappiness can coexist much like love and hate in a close relationship may offer valuable clues on how to lead a happi
39、er life. It suggests, for example, that changing or avoiding things that make you miserable may well make you less miserable but probably wont make any happier. That advice is backed up by an extraordinary series of studies which indicate that a genetic predisposition for unhappiness may run in cert
40、ain families. On the other hand, researches-have found, happiness doesnt appear to be anyones heritage. The capacity for joy is a talent you develop largely for yourself. Family members resemble each other more in their levels of unhappiness than in their levels of happiness. In a study conducted at
41、 the University of Minnesota, twins were tested for a wide range of personality traits. In terms of happiness, identical twins who were separated soon after birth were considerably less alike than twins raised together. But when it came to unhappiness, the twins raised apart some without contact for
42、 as long as 64 years wen; as similar as those who had grown up together. Why is unhappiness less influenced by environment? When we are happy we are more responsive to people and keep up connections better than we are feeling sad. This doesnt mean, however, that some people are born to be sad and th
43、ats that. Genes may predispose one to unhappiness, but disposition can be influenced by personal choice. You can increase your happiness through your own actions. Psychologists have begun to find out whos happy, who is not and why. To date, the research hasnt found a simple recipe for a happy life,
44、but it has discovered some of the actions and attitudes that seem to bring people closer to the most desired feelings. Happiness is not the goal of humanity. However, to begin to think about how we think about happiness may help us to understand not only what we have but possibly what we dont have.
45、By exploring happiness, we may clearly know what we really want and ask ourselves whether what we want is worth getting. To begin with, we should try to understand a little of what happiness consists of in ourselves and in our relationship with society. 21 From the passage we learn that happiness an
46、d unhappiness_. （ A） are two different sides of the same emotion （ B） work as positive and negative feeling respectively （ C） are not inherently related with each other （ D） have something to do with ones heritage 22 It can be inferred from the passage that_. （ A） avoiding things that make you unhap
47、py will make you happy （ B） family members take after each other in the level of happiness （ C） identical twins are much alike in terms of happiness （ D） the feel of happiness varies among different people 23 According to the passage, some people are born to be sad_. （ A） and there is nothing they c
48、an do to change the situation （ B） but they can change their disposition through their own actions （ C） so they feel unhappy most of the time in their lives （ D） and they are less responsive to people than happy people 24 The word “disposition“(Line 4, Para.4)possibly means_. （ A） character （ B） arr
49、angement （ C） donation （ D） discharge 25 In the last paragraph the author stresses that_. （ A） there are some recipes for a happy life （ B） happiness may help us understand what we have and what we dont have （ C） it is important to know what happiness really means （ D） exploring happiness successfully can make us feel happier 25 The news about the worlds oceans in 2003 wasnt that theyre in trouble that much was already clear but that
