1、大学英语六级改革适用（阅读）模拟试卷 159及答案与解析 Section C 0 A blind baby is doubly handicapped. Not only is it unable to see, but because it cannot receive the visual stimulus from its environment that a sighted child does, it is likely to be slow in intellectual development. Now the ten-month old son of Dr. and Mrs.
2、Dennis Daughters is the subject of an unusual psychological experiment designed to prevent a lag in the learning process. With the aid of a sonar-type electronic device that he wears on his head, infant Dennis is learning to identify the people and objects in the world around him by means of echoes.
3、 The device is a refinement of the “Sonicguide“, an instrument produced by Telesensory Systems, Inc., of Palo Alto, Calif., and used by blind adults in addition to a sane or guide dog. As adapted for Dennis, it consists of a battery-powered system about the size of a half dollar that is on a headgea
4、r. A transmitter emits an ultrasonic pulse that creates an 80 degree cone of sound at 6 feet. Echoes from objects within the cone are perceived as sounds that vary in pitch and volume with the size and distance of the object. The closer an object is, the lower the pitch, and the larger the object, t
5、he louder the signal. Hard surfaces produce a sharp ping, while soft ones send back signals with a slightly fuzzy quality. An object slightly to the right of Dennis sends back a louder sound to his right ear than to the left. Thus, by simply moving his head right and left and up and down, he can not
6、 only locate an object but also get some notion of its shape and size, thanks to the varying qualities of sounds reaching his ears as the cone of ultrasound passes its edges. Dennis likes to use the device to play a kind of peek-a-boo with his mother. Standing on her knee and facing her directly, he
7、 receives a strong signal in both ears. By turning his head away, he makes her seem to disappear. From the first time he wore it,“ says Mrs. Daughters, “it was like a light going on in his head.“ What remains to be determined is how well the device will help Dennis cope with his surroundings as he b
8、egins to walk and venture further into his environment. Meanwhile, Telesensory, Inc. is working on the development of sonar device with somewhat the same sensitivity as Denniss for use by school-age children. 1 The research involving infant Dennis is directed to _. （ A） helping the blind to see and
9、learn as well as others （ B） facilitating the learning process of blind children （ C） solving blind childrens psychological problems （ D） finding out how children develop intellectually 2 Infant Dennis becomes the subject of the experiment most probably because _. （ A） he already lags behind the sig
10、hted children （ B） he leads a life as normal as any other children （ C） he is at the early stage of the learning process （ D） he has the aid of a sonar-type electronic device 3 What can we learn about infant Dennis device? （ A） Its prototype was designed for blind adults. （ B） Its battery is as smal
11、l as a half-dollar coin. （ C） It is functionally similar to a sane and guide dog. （ D） It has been improved by Telesensory Systems, Inc. 4 “its edges“(Line 11, Para. 2)refers to_. （ A） the edge of an object （ B） the edge of the device （ C） the boundary of Dennis movement （ D） the boundary of the sou
12、nd pitch 5 What is Telesensory Systems, Inc. most likely to think about infant Dennis device? （ A） It had better be used by blind children from school age. （ B） It needs improving for use in a complicated environment （ C） It may not be so suitable for the blind adults. （ D） It benefits blind childre
13、n in terms of learning. 5 Frustrated with delays in Sacramento, Bay Area officials said Thursday they planned to take matters into their own hands to regulate the regions growing pile of electronic trash. A San Jose councilwoman and a San Francisco supervisor said they would propose local initiative
14、s aimed at controlling electronic waste if the California law-making body fails to act on two bills stalled in the Assembly. They are among a growing number of California cities and counties that have expressed the same intention. Environmentalists and local governments are increasingly concerned ab
15、out the toxic hazard posed by old electronic devices and the cost of safely recycling those products. An estimated 6 million televisions and computers are stocked in California homes, and an additional 6,000 to 7,000 computers become outdated every day. The machines contain high levels of lead and o
16、ther hazardous substances, and are already banned from California Landfills(垃圾填埋场 ). Legislation by Senator Byron Sher would require consumers to pay a recycling fee of up to $30 on every new machine containing a cathode(阴极 )ray tube. Used in almost all video monitors and televisions, those devices
17、contain four to eight pounds of lead each. The fees would go toward setting up recycling programs, providing grants to non-profit agencies that reuse the tubes and rewarding manufacturers that encourage recycling. A separate bill by Los Angeles-area Senator Gloria Romero would require high-tech manu
18、facturers to develop programs to recycle so-called e-waste. If passed, the measures would put California at the forefront of national efforts to manage the refuse of the electronic age. But high-tech groups, including the Silicon Valley Manufacturing Group and the American Electronics Association, o
19、ppose the measures, arguing that fees of up to $30 will drive consumers to online, out-of-state retailers. “What really needs to occur is consumer education. Most consumers are unaware theyre not supposed to throw computers in the trash,“ said Roxanne Gould, vice president of government relations fo
20、r the electronics association. Computer recycling should be a local effort and part of residential waste collection programs, she added. Recycling electronic waste is a dangerous and specialized matter, and environmentalists maintain the state must support recycling efforts and ensure that the job i
21、snt contracted to unscrupulous(毫无顾忌的 )junk dealers who send the toxic parts overseas. “The graveyard of the high-tech revolution is ending up in rural China,“ said Ted Smith, director of the Silicon Valley Toxics Coalition. His group is pushing for an amendment to Shers bill that would prevent the e
22、xport of e-waste. 6 What step were Bay Area officials going to take regarding e-waste disposal? （ A） Exert pressure on manufacturers of electronic devices. （ B） Lay down relevant local regulations themselves. （ C） Lobby the lawmakers of the California Assembly. （ D） Rally support to pass the stalled
23、 bills. 7 The two bills stalled in the California Assembly both concern_. （ A） regulations on dumping hazardous substances into landfills （ B） the sale of used electronic devices to foreign countries （ C） the funding of local initiatives to reuse electronic trash （ D） the reprocessing of the huge am
24、ounts of electronic waste in the state 8 Consumers are not supposed to throw used computers in the trash because _. （ A） they contain large amounts of harmful substances （ B） this is banned by the California government （ C） some parts may be recycled for use elsewhere （ D） unscrupulous dealers will
25、retrieve them for profit 9 High-tech groups believe that if an extra $30 is charged on every TV or computer purchased in California, consumers will _. （ A） abandon online shopping （ B） buy them from other states （ C） strongly protest against such a charge （ D） hesitate to upgrade their computers 10
26、We learn from the passage that much of Californias electronic waste has been_. （ A） collected by non-profit agencies （ B） dumped into local landfills （ C） exported to foreign countries （ D） recycled by computer manufacturers 10 The human criterion for perfect vision is 20/20 for reading the standard
27、 lines on a Snellen eye chart without a hitch. The score is determined by how well you read lines of letters of different sizes from 20 feet away. But being able to read the bottom line on the eye chart does not approximate perfection as far as other species are concerned. Most birds would consider
28、us very visually handicapped. The hawk, for instance, has such sharp eyes that it can spot a dime on the sidewalk while perched on top of the Empire State Building. It can make fine visual distinctions because it is blessed with one million cones per square millimeter in its retina(视网膜 ). And in wat
29、er, humans are farsighted, while the kingfisher, swooping down to spear fish, can see well in both the air and water because it is endowed with two foveae(凹窝 )-areas of the eye, consisting mostly of cones, that provide visual distinctions. One fovea permits the bird, while in the air, to scan the wa
30、ter below with one eye at a time. This is called monocular vision. Once it hits the water, the other fovea joins in, allowing the kingfisher to focus both eyes, like binoculars, on its prey at the same time. A frogs vision is distinguished by its ability to perceive things as a constant motion pictu
31、re. Known as “bug detectors“, a highly developed set of cells in a frogs eyes responds mainly to moving objects. So, it is said that a frog sitting in a field of dead bugs wouldnt see them as food and would starve. The bee has a “compound“ eye, which is used for navigation. It has 15,000 facets that
32、 divide what it sees into a pattern of dots, or mosaic. With this kind of vision, the bee sees the sun only as a single dot, a constant point of reference. Thus, the eye is a superb navigational instrument that constantly measures the angle of its line of flight in relation to the sun. A bees eye al
33、so gauges flight speed. And if that is not enough to leave our 20/20 “perfect vision“ paling into insignificance, the bee is capable of seeing something we cant ultraviolet light. Thus, what humans consider to be “perfect vision“ is in fact rather limited when we look at other species. However, ther
34、e is still much to be said for the human eye. Of all the mammals, only humans and some primates can enjoy the pleasures of color vision. 11 The Snellen eye chart measures ones eyesight by _. （ A） the number of lines he reads （ B） the distance he stands away from the chart （ C） the speed at which he
35、recognizes the letters （ D） several integrative factors 12 How is hawks eyesight better than ours? （ A） It can identify small items more quickly than we do. （ B） It can see at a longer distance than we do. （ C） It has more cones in the retina than we do. （ D） It has bigger eyes than we do. 13 Monocu
36、lar vision enables the kingfisher to _. （ A） avoid farsightedness （ B） be able to see underwater （ C） move one eye at a time （ D） focus its eyes on the prey 14 A bee finds its direction by _. （ A） dividing what it sees into thousands of dots （ B） constantly gauging its flying speed （ C） using the su
37、n as a constant point of reference （ D） measuring the angle of the sun 15 What is the main idea of the passage? （ A） The differences between human eyes and other species eyes. （ B） The advantages of other species eyes in comparison with human eyes. （ C） The factors that make other species eyes bette
38、r than human eyes. （ D） The standard that determines the “perfect vision“ of human eyes. 15 A new high-performance contact lens under development at the department for applied physics at the University of Heidelberg will not only correct ordinary vision defects but will enhance normal night vision a
39、s much as five times, making peoples vision sharper than that of cats. Bille and his team work with an optical instrument called an active mirror a device used in astronomical telescopes to spot newly emerging stars and far distant galaxies. Connected to a wave-front sensor that tracks and measures
40、the course of a laser beam into the eye and back, the aluminum mirror detects the deficiencies of the cornea, the transparent protective layer covering the lens of the human eye. The highly precise data from the two instruments which, Bille hopes, will one day be found at the opticians(眼镜商 )all over
41、 the world serve as a basis for the production of completely individualized contact lenses that correct and enhance the wearers vision. By day, Billes contact lenses will focus rays of light so accurately on the retina(视网膜 )that the image of a small leaf or the outline of a far distant tree will be
42、formed with a sharpness that surpasses that of conventional vision aids by almost half a diopter(屈光度 ). At night, the lenses have an even greater potential. “Because the new lens in contrast to the already existing ones also works when its dark and the pupil is wide open,“ says Bille, “lens wearers
43、will be able to identify a face at a distance of 100 meters“ 80 meters farther than they would normally be able to see. In his experiments night vision was enhanced by an even greater factor: in semi-darkness, test subjects could see up to 15 times better than without the lenses. Billes lenses are e
44、xpected to reach the market in the year 30, and one tentative plan is to use the Internet to transmit information on patients visual defects from the optician to the manufacturer, who will then produce and mail the contact lenses within a couple of days. The physicist expects the lenses to cost abou
45、t a dollar a pair, about the same as conventional one-day disposable lenses. 16 The new contact lens is meant for _. （ A） those with vision defects （ B） astronomical observations （ C） the night blind （ D） optical experiments 17 What do the two instruments mentioned in the second paragraph refer to?
46、（ A） The astronomical telescope and the wave-front sensor. （ B） The aluminum mirror and the wave-front sensor. （ C） The aluminum mirror and the laser beam. （ D） The active mirror and the contact lens. 18 Individualized contact lenses are lenses designed _. （ A） to work like an astronomical telescope
47、 （ B） to process extremely accurate data （ C） to suit the wearers specific needs （ D） to test the wearers eyesight 19 According to Bille, with the new lenses the wearers vision _. （ A） will be sharper by a much greater degree at night than in the daytime （ B） can be better improved in the daytime th
48、an at night （ C） may be broadened about 15 times than without them （ D） will be far better at night than in the daytime 20 Which of the following is true about Billes lenses? （ A） They will be sold at a very low price. （ B） Their production process is complicated. （ C） Purchase orders can be made th
49、rough the Internet. （ D） They have to be replaced every day. 大学英语六级改革适用（阅读）模拟试卷 159答案与解析 Section C 【知识模块】 仔细阅读 1 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 首段第 3句末的不定式 to prevent a lag in the learning process表明了实验目的，另外，文章一开头就提到了本文讨论重点是针对 blind children， B为本题答案。 A中的 the blind指的是所有盲人，而实验研究的只是 “盲童 ”，而且研究的是 “学习 ”的问题，而不是 “看 ”的问题，因此 A不正确；选项 C中的psychological problems过于空泛； D中的 children范围也 过宽，原文只关注 “盲童 ”，而不是所有儿童。 【知识模块】 仔细阅读 2 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 首段首句提到的 a blind baby，第 3句提到的 ten-month old和末句提到的 infant以及第 3句和第 4句提到的 learning，都表明 Dennis成为
