1、大学英语六级改革适用（阅读）模拟试卷 51及答案与解析 Section C 0 Yamagata-born Ken Okuyama, well known in automobile design circles, was brought into style the company s super glossy new Cruise Train. Holding a maximum of 34 passengers, the Cruise Train will have 10 carriages made up of five suites, one deluxe suite, two gl
2、ass-walled observation cars, a dining car and lounge. Okuyama has worked as a chief designer for General Motors, a senior designer for Porsche AG and design director for Pininfarina, the company behind the Ferrari Enzo and Maserati Quattroporte. According to his company, Ken Okuyama Design, he wante
3、d to create a train that would allow passengers “to appreciate the flow of the time and space,“ while enjoying Japans landscapes and culture throughout the journey. One of the more unique features is the observation carriage at the front of the train, which allows passengers to see onto the tracks a
4、head. The other observation car is at the end of the train. JR Rail says the train will be fitted with furniture that conveys the nobility of traditional Japanese culture. The Lounge, for instance, is wrapped in exquisite curves and features decoration inspired by trees. All suites will have a priva
5、te bathroom with a shower and toilet, but the top sleeping space is the split level deluxe suite, which sleeps four. On the bottom are two double beds, on the top a traditional Japanese dining area, with seats on the floor. The train will be able to run on both electric and non-electric rails. JR Ea
6、sts upcoming Cruise Train wont be the first Japanese train to take the super-luxury route. JR Kyushus Seven Stars train, which features Japanese and Western design elements, hit the tracks in the fall of 2013. This one only travels through the island of Kyushu and has 14 luxury guest rooms, two delu
7、xe suites, three presidential suites, a lounge car, dining car and bar. Guests can choose either the two-or three-night experience. The name “Seven Stars“ represents the seven districts of Kyushu, the seven carriages of the train and the seven main tourist attractions of the island(nature, food, hot
8、 springs, history / culture, spiritual sites, local hospitality and sightseeing). Those who want to take a Seven Stars journey need to apply online. Prices start from ￥ 180,000($1,765)per person for the two-night trip. No first come first serve here. The company says that in the event that applicati
9、ons exceed available places, a lottery will be conducted to select participants. 1 What s the unique features of the new Cruise Train according to the passage? （ A） Observation carriage at the front of the train allows passengers to see onto the tracks ahead. （ B） There are more than one observation
10、 carriage. （ C） People can sit on the ground and drink tea. （ D） It costs ￥ 180,000($1,765)per person for the two-night trip. 2 We can learn from the passage that the furniture fitted in the Cruise train_. （ A） is very colorful. （ B） is very modern and fashionable. （ C） conveys the nobility of tradi
11、tional Japanese culture. （ D） combines both modern and traditional elements. 3 Which is not among the reasons that JR Kyushus named his train “Seven Stars“? （ A） Representing the seven districts of Kyushu. （ B） Representing the seven carriages of the train. （ C） Representing the seven main tourist a
12、ttractions of the island. （ D） Representing the seven virtues of a woman. 4 How to select participants if applications exceed available places? （ A） First come first serve. （ B） Using an auction. （ C） Using a lottery. （ D） The nobility will have a priority. 5 What s the main idea of this passage? （
13、A） Introducing two Japanese luxury trains. （ B） Introducing Japanese railway system. （ C） New designs about trains. （ D） Luxury Japanese life. 5 Volcanoes are the ultimate earth-moving machinery. Eruptions have rifted continents, raised mountain chains, constructed islands and shaped the topography
14、of the earth. The entire ocean floor has a basement of volcanic basalt. Volcanoes have not only made the continents, they are also thought to have made the world s first stable atmosphere and provided all the water for the oceans, rivers and ice-caps. There are now about 600 active volcanoes. Every
15、year they add two or three cubic kilometers of rock to the continents. Imagine a similar number of volcanoes smoking away for me last 3,500 million years. That is enough rock to explain the continental crust. What comes out of volcanic craters is mostly gas. More than 90% of this gas is water vapor
16、from the deep earth: enough to explain, over 3,500 million years, the water in the oceans. The rest of the gas is nitrogen, carbon dioxide, sulphur dioxide, methane, ammonia and hydrogen. The quantity of these gases, again multiplied over 3,500 million years, is enough to explain the mass of the wor
17、lds atmosphere. We are alive because volcanoes provided the soil, air and water we need. Geologists consider the earth as having a molten core, surrounded by a semi-molten mantle and a brittle, outer skin. It helps to think of a soft-boiled egg with a runny yolk, a firm but squishy white and a hard
18、shell. If the shell is even slightly cracked during boiling, the white material bubbles out and sets like a tiny mountain chain over the crack like an archipelago of volcanic islands such as the Hawaiian Islands. But the earth is so much bigger and the mantle below is so much hotter. Even though the
19、 mantle rocks are kept solid by overlying pressure, they can still slowly flow like thick treacle. The flow, thought to be in the form of convection currents, is powerful enough to fracture the eggshell of the crust into plates, and keep them bumping and grinding against each other, or even overlapp
20、ing, at the rate of a few centimeters a year. These fracture zones, where the collisions occur, are where earthquakes happen. And, very often, volcanoes. 6 Why volcanoes are both significant to the globe and to human beings? （ A） Volcanoes motivate earth to move on. （ B） Volcanoes make continents, a
21、ir and water. （ C） Volcanoes are part of nature. （ D） The destruction of volcanoes is powerful. 7 What accounts for a large proportion among those things which volcanic craters bring out? （ A） Water. （ B） Gas. （ C） Soil. （ D） Ocean. 8 What rhetorical device does the writer used to describe earth? （
22、A） Contrast. （ B） Exaggeration. （ C） Comparison. （ D） Personification. 9 Where do volcanoes and earthquakes often occur? （ A） Those zones which are easily have a collision. （ B） Those zones which are located alongside shores. （ C） Far away from oceans. （ D） The molten core. 10 Which of the following
23、 is mentioned according to the passage? （ A） Different types of volcanic eruption. （ B） Efforts to predict volcanic eruption. （ C） Disaster caused by volcanic eruption. （ D） Causes of volcanic eruption. 10 Discoveries in science and technology are thought by “untaught minds“ to come in blinding flas
24、hes or as the result of dramatic accidents. Sir Alexander Fleming did not, as legend would have it, look at the mold on a piece of cheese and get the idea for penicillin there and then. He experimented with antibacterial substances for nine years before he made his discovery. Inventions and innovati
25、ons almost always come out of laborious trial and error. Innovation is like soccer; even the best players miss the goal and have their shots blocked much more frequently than they score. The point is that the players who score most are the ones who take the most shots at the goal and so it goes with
26、 innovation in any field of activity. The prime difference between innovators and others is one of approach. Everybody gets ideas, but innovators work consciously on theirs and they follow them through until they prove practicable or otherwise. What ordinary people see as fanciful abstractions; prof
27、essional innovators see as solid possibilities. “Creative thinking may mean simply the realization mat theres no particular virtue in doing things the way they have always been done,“ wrote Rudolph Flesch, a language authority. This accounts for our reaction to seemingly simple innovations like plas
28、tic garbage bags and suitcases on wheels that make life more convenient: “How come nobody thought of that before?“ The creative approach begins with the proposition that nothing is as it appears. Innovators will not accept that there is only one way to do anything. Faced with getting from A to B, th
29、e average person will automatically set out on the best-known and apparently simplest route. The innovator will search for alternate courses, which may prove easier in the long run and are bound to be more interesting and challenging even if they lead to dead ends. Highly creative individuals really
30、 do march to a different drummer. 11 The phrase “untaught mind“(Line 1, Para.l)is closest in meaning to_. （ A） those people who receive less education （ B） young people （ C） lazy people （ D） football players 12 What does the author use to compare with creativity? （ A） Education. （ B） Music. （ C） Che
31、ese. （ D） Football. 13 What is the major difference between inventors and ordinary people? （ A） Inventors possess more creative thinking. （ B） Common people are more likely to focus on daily issues. （ C） The way they deal with ideas. （ D） Inventors receive higher education. 14 Why does the author me
32、ntion Rudolph Flesch in paragraph 3? （ A） To state a new topic. （ B） To further illustrate the ideas giving in paragraph 2. （ C） To make a comparison and contrast with previous examples. （ D） To introduce an authoritative linguists. 15 Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? （ A
33、） Ordinary people would like to set out an easy way. （ B） Innovators are both painstaking and creative. （ C） What appears to be true does not mean the same. （ D） If they may be guided to dead ends, innovators will choose not to seek challenges. 15 DNA fingerprinting is used to determine where partic
34、ular genetic material came from, that is what person or group of people s material is mostly likely to come from. Only 1% of our DNA differs from other individuals since 99% of human DNA is identical. That 1% though can allow scientists to differentiate its origin. DNA fingerprinting is most commonl
35、y used to determine our heredity. When used alongside more traditional sociological methodologies, DNA fingerprinting can be used to find out exactly where we came from, in some cases, which tribe. However, DNA fingerprinting cannot discriminate between identical twins. Most people are aware of the
36、use of DNA fingerprinting in forensic medicine. Samples gathered at a crime scene can be compared with the DNA of a suspect to prove his or her presence at or involvement with the crime. The problem is that DNA bases only hold the DNA of people who have already been convicted of a crime. They do not
37、 contain the DNA of whole populations so it impossible to use this technique to track down suspects that are nor present in the database. However this might change. If governments replace photograph ID cards to that of DNA fingerprint ID cards, then it will be far easier to track down anyone within
38、a nation s population. DNA fingerprinting can also help us to predict our future health. It is often used to track down the genetic basis of inherited diseases. If there is a particular, recurring pattern in different patients, scientists can narrow down which gene or genes might be involved. It can
39、 also be used to screen parents and fetuses for the presence of inherited abnormalities, such as Huntingtons disease or muscular dystrophy, so appropriate advice can be given and precautions taken as needed. The use of DNA fingerprinting and genetic screening is fast in changing society and the way
40、we treat illnesses, track down criminals and soon, identify the public. It is a science that has dramatically changed society and continues to make great contributions to health and science in all fields. 16 What is the main purpose of DNA fingerprinting? （ A） To distinguish people from different co
41、untries. （ B） To analyze the evolvement of human beings. （ C） To observe the development of genes. （ D） To identify who probably possesses a certain genetic. 17 Which one of the following is TRUE according to the passage? （ A） Only two percent of human DNA attributes to the difference. （ B） Identica
42、l twins are unable to be distinguished by DNA fingerprinting. （ C） Only by applying method of DNA fingerprinting can we identify where people come from. （ D） DNA fingerprinting is simply used to identify our heredity. 18 Why is it more convenient for government to replace photograph ID cards with DN
43、A fingerprint ID cards? （ A） Because DNA fingerprinting can only trace those people who have committed crimes. （ B） Because photograph ID cards are out of date. （ C） Because government is likely to popularize the use of fingerprint ID cards. （ D） Because fingerprinting ID cards cost more money. 19 T
44、he word “precautions“(Line 6, Para.4)is closest in meaning to_. （ A） care （ B） conclusions （ C） safeguards （ D） impasses 20 How does fingerprinting affect society? （ A） In the way that we figure out criminals, treat diseases and other aspects. （ B） It provides a new perspective to reflect on human b
45、eings. （ C） Fingerprinting is an effective way to differentiate people s origin. （ D） It motivates people to explore more about the world. 大学英语六级改革适用（阅读）模拟试卷 51答案与解析 Section C 【知识模块】 仔细阅读 1 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 细节题。本题考查的是巡游火车的特别之处，可以定位到文中第四段 Oneof the more unique features is the observation carriage at t
46、he front of the train， whichallows passengers to see onto the tracks ahead从这里可以看出特别之处是其中有一个观赏车厢是位于车头的，乘客们可以看到铁轨前面的景物，这与 A项的意思一致。因此，正确答案是 A。 【知识模块】 仔细阅读 2 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 细节题。本题考查的是巡游火车的家具，可以定位到文中第五段JR Railsays the train will be fitted with furniture that conveys the nobility of traditional Japanesec
47、ulture The Lounge， for instance， is wrapped in exquisite curves and features decorationinspired by trees 可以看出这些家具是为了传达出传统日本文化的高贵，这与 C项的意思一致。 D项是与文中 JR Kyushus Seven Stars train， which features Japaneseand Western design elements对应，这是七星火车的装修风格，不是巡游火车的。因此正确答案是 C。 【知识模块】 仔细阅读 3 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 细节题。本题考查
48、的是起名 “七星 ”火车的原因。可以定位到文中倒数第二段 The name“Seven Stars”represents the seven districts of Kyushu， the seven carriagesof the train and the seven main tourist attractions of the island(nature， food， hot springs， history culture， spiritual sites， local hospitality and sightseeing)，可以看出主要是代表了九州的七个区，火车的七个车厢以及九
49、州岛上的七大景点，所以 A、 B、 C都是， D项讲代表了妇女的七大美德文章没有提到。因此，正确答案是 D。 【知识模块】 仔细阅读 4 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 细节题。根据题干中的 applications exceed available places可以定位到文中最后一段 No first come first serve here The company says that in the event that applications exceed available places， a lottery will be conducted to select participants，由此可知，如果超过可容纳的人的话不是先来先得，而是用彩票的方式来决定谁能乘车。所以 C项符合意思，因此，正确答案是 C。 【知识模块】 仔细阅读 5 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 主旨题。本文介绍了日本的两个超级豪华的火车，分别是巡游火车和之前投入运营的七星火车。所以 A项最符合文章大意。 B、 D文章涉及的很少，C讲的太概括，文章没有介绍所有的新设计，只是聚焦于两个豪华列车。因此，正确答案是 A。 【知识模块】 仔细阅读 【知识模块】 仔细阅读 6 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】
