1、 Guide for Building and Classing Floating Offshore Liquefied Gas Terminals GUIDE FOR BUILDING AND CLASSING FLOATING OFFSHORE LIQUEFIED GAS TERMINALS JANUARY 2018 American Bureau of Shipping Incorporated by Act of Legislature of the State of New York 1862 2017 American Bureau of Shipping. All rights
2、reserved. ABS Plaza 16855 Northchase Drive Houston, TX 77060 USA Foreword Foreword (1 June 2014) The industry and ABS share a large and successful body of experience with membrane tank Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) carriers, independent tank liquefied gas carriers and ship-type FPSOs that have been de
3、signed to Part 5C, Chapter 12 of the ABS Rules for Building and Classing Steel Vessels, ABS Guide for Building and Classing Liquefied Gas Carriers with Independent Tanks, and ABS Rules for Building and Classing Floating Production Installations (FPI Rules), respectively. The development of this ABS
4、Guide for Building and Classing Floating Offshore Liquefied Gas Terminals is based on the design and analyses experience with these types of vessels. This Guide provides criteria that can be applied in the Classification of the hull and tank structure of floating offshore liquefied gas terminals wit
5、h membrane tanks or independent prismatic tanks. The Guide addresses liquefied gas terminals with ship-shaped or barge-shaped hull forms having a single row of cargo tanks at centerline or a row of two cargo tanks abreast. ABS recognizes that industry participation is a vital factor due to the rapid
6、ly progressing use of offshore gas terminals. To understand and apply this new technology and its standards, ABS, the offshore and onshore community and regulatory agencies can benefit from a common understanding of the terms and concepts involved, and an awareness of how these concepts are to be ap
7、plied to ABS rule-making. The hull strength criteria contained herein are to be considered as an alternative to those for corresponding aspects of Classification as given in Part 5C, Chapter 8 of the Steel Vessel Rules (SVR 5C-8) which includes requirements from the International Code for the Constr
8、uction and Equipment of Ships carrying Liquefied Gases in Bulk (IGC Code). The Owner may elect to use either this Guide or SVR 5C-8. In the same design, for aspects of the hull structural design that are covered by both this Guide and SVR 5C-8 it is not valid to switch between the criteria in this G
9、uide and SVR 5C-8. This Guide does not cover the design, fabrication and installation of the liquefied gas containment system, except for the structural design of independent tanks. In June 2014, the definitions of permissible bending stress in Chapter 3, Sections 4 and 6 were revised to cover the s
10、trength evaluation of longitudinal members beyond 0.4L amidships. The effective date of this Guide is 1 January 2018. In general, until the effective date, plan approval for designs will follow prior practice unless review under this Guide is specifically requested by the party signatory to the appl
11、ication for classification. After a certain period for trial use, the criteria contained in this Guide will be incorporated and published as part of the Offshore Rules. ABS encourages and welcomes at any time the submission of comments on this Guide. Changes to Conditions of Classification Chapter 1
12、, Section 1, “Scope and Conditions of Classification” was consolidated into a generic booklet, entitled Rules for Conditions of Classification Offshore Units and Structures (Part 1) for all units, installations, vessels or systems in offshore service. The purpose of this consolidation was to emphasi
13、ze the common applicability of the classification requirements in “Chapter 1, Section 1” to ABS-classed offshore units, pipelines, risers, and other offshore structures, and thereby make “Conditions of Classification” more readily a common Rule of the various ABS Rules and Guides, as appropriate. Th
14、us, Chapter 1, Section 1 of this Guide specifies only the unique requirements applicable to floating offshore liquefied gas terminals. These supplemental requirements are always to be used with the aforementioned Rules for Conditions of Classification Offshore Units and Structures (Part 1). Referenc
15、e Note Reference to a paragraph in the Steel Vessel Rules, MODU Rules or FPI Rules is made in the format P-C-S/ss.p where P is the Part, C is the Chapter, S is the Section, ss is the Subsection and p is the Paragraph. Reference to a paragraph in this Guide is made in the format C-S/ss.p, where C is
16、the Chapter, S is the Section, ss is the Subsection and p is the Paragraph. Reference to a Figure or Table in this Guide is made, respectively, in the format C-S/Figure #, or C-S/Table #. ii ABSGUIDE FOR BUILDING AND CLASSING FLOATING OFFSHORE LIQUEFIED GAS TERMINALS .2018 Table of Contents GUIDE FO
17、R BUILDING AND CLASSING FLOATING OFFSHORE LIQUEFIED GAS TERMINALS CONTENTS CHAPTER 1 Conditions of Classification 1 Section 1 Scope and Conditions of Classification (Supplement to the ABS Rules for Conditions of Classification Offshore Units and Structures 2 See also separately published booklet ABS
18、 Rules for Conditions of Classification Offshore Units and Structures (Part 1) CHAPTER 2 Design Considerations 6 Section 1 Classification of Floating Offshore Liquefied Gas Terminals . 8 Section 2 Design of Floating Offshore Liquefied Gas Terminals . 22 CHAPTER 3 Structural Design Requirements 41 Se
19、ction 1 Introduction 53 Section 2 General Requirements . 58 Section 3 Load Criteria 64 Section 4 Initial Scantling Criteria 124 Section 5 Total Strength Assessment 195 Section 6 Hull Structure Beyond 0.4L Amidships 209 Section 7 Design and Analysis of Other Major Hull Structural Features . 224 Appen
20、dix 1 Guide for Fatigue Strength Assessment 232 Appendix 2 Calculation of Critical Buckling Stresses . 271 Appendix 3 Determination of Environmental Severity Factors . 282 Appendix 4 Hull Girder Ultimate Strength . 286 Appendix 5 Hull Structural Modeling and Analysis . 294 Appendix 6 Guide for Offsh
21、ore Hull Construction Monitoring Program . 322 CHAPTER 4 Surveys . 324 Section 1 Surveys During Construction, Installation and Commissioning 326 Section 2 Surveys After Construction and Maintenance of Class . 331 Section 3 Risk-based Surveys for Maintenance of Class 346 ABSGUIDE FOR BUILDING AND CLA
22、SSING FLOATING OFFSHORE LIQUEFIED GAS TERMINALS .2018 iii This Page Intentionally Left Blank Chapter 1: Conditions of Classification CHAPTER 1 Conditions of Classification CONTENTS SECTION 1 Scope and Conditions of Classification . 2 1 Classification . 2 3 Purpose . 2 5 Classification Symbols and No
23、tations . 2 5.1 Class Notations . 2 5.3 Geographical Limitations . 3 5.5 Floating Terminals Not Built Under Survey 3 7 Rules for Classification . 3 7.1 Application of Rules . 3 7.3 Scope of Class 3 7.5 Alternatives 3 9 Units 4 11 Abbreviations and References 4 11.1 Abbreviations . 4 11.3 References
24、5 ABSGUIDE FOR BUILDING AND CLASSING FLOATING OFFSHORE LIQUEFIED GAS TERMINALS .2018 1 Section 1: Scope and Conditions of Classification (Supplement to the ABS Rules for Conditions of Classification Offshore Units and Structures) CHAPTER 1 Conditions of Classification SECTION 1 Scope and Conditions
25、of Classification (Supplement to the ABS Rules for Conditions of Classification Offshore Units and Structures) 1 Classification The requirements for conditions of classification are contained in the separate, generic ABS Rules for Conditions of Classification Offshore Units and Structures (Part 1).
26、Additional requirements specific to floating offshore liquefied gas terminals are contained in the following Subsections. 3 Purpose A Floating Offshore Liquefied Gas Terminal provides liquefied gas storage and receives and/or offloads liquefied gas. There are two major variations of offshore liquefi
27、ed gas terminal: Load Terminals and Discharge Terminals, with various configurations of each. A Load Terminal receives gas directly from one or more wells or from another offshore facility where it may or may not have been processed. The gas is liquefied in an onboard liquefaction facility and store
28、d for offloading as liquefied gas to a trading liquefied gas carrier. Alternatively, a Load Terminal may receive liquefied gas from a liquefaction plant via a pipeline. A Discharge Terminal receives liquefied gas from trading liquefied gas carriers and stores it. In such terminals, the stored liquef
29、ied gas is normally vaporized in a re-gasification facility and discharged ashore. However, offloading liquefied gas in a lightering operation is also feasible. 5 Classification Symbols and Notations A listing of Classification Symbols and Notations available to the Owners of vessels, offshore drill
30、ing and production units and other marine structures and systems, “List of ABS Notations and Symbols” is available from the ABS website “http:/www.eagle.org”. The following notations are specific to floating offshore liquefied gas terminals. 5.1 Class Notations Floating offshore liquefied gas termin
31、als that have been built, installed and commissioned to the satisfaction of the ABS Surveyors to the full requirements of this Guide, where approved by the Committee for service for the specified design environmental conditions, may be classed and distinguished in the ABS Record by the symbol null A
32、1, followed by Offshore Liquefied Gas Terminal and the appropriate notation for the intended service listed below. 2 ABSGUIDE FOR BUILDING AND CLASSING FLOATING OFFSHORE LIQUEFIED GAS TERMINALS .2018 Chapter 1 Conditions of Classification Section 1 Scope and Conditions of Classification 1-1 Class no
33、tations were chosen to provide a clear description of the function of each configuration using the following symbols: F Floating L Liquefaction Facility O Transfer of Liquefied Gas (Offloading/Loading) P Gas Processing Facility R Re-Gasification Facility S Storage Facility T Terminal with processing
34、 facilities which are not classed A complete description of applicable class notations for floating liquefied gas terminals is provided in 2-1/1.1 of this Guide. 5.3 Geographical Limitations Floating offshore liquefied gas terminals which have been built to the satisfaction of the ABS Surveyors to s
35、pecial modified requirements for a limited service, where approved by the Committee for that particular service, may be classed and distinguished in the Record by suitable symbols or notations, but the symbols or notations will either be followed by or have included in them the appropriate service l
36、imitation. 5.5 Floating Terminals Not Built Under Survey The symbol “null” (Maltese-Cross) signifies that the system was built, installed and commissioned to the satisfaction of the ABS Surveyors. Floating offshore liquefied gas terminals and their equipment that have not been built under ABS survey
37、, but which are submitted for Classification, will be subjected to special consideration. Where found satisfactory and thereafter approved by the Committee, they may be classed and distinguished in the Record by the notation described above, but the symbol “null” signifying survey during constructio
38、n will be omitted. 7 Rules for Classification 7.1 Application of Rules This Guide contains provisions for the classification of new build floating offshore liquefied gas terminals. This Guide is intended for use in conjunction with the ABS Rules for Building and Classing Steel Vessels (Steel Vessel
39、Rules), ABS Rules for Building and Classing Mobile Offshore Drilling Units (MODU Rules), ABS Rules for Building and Classing Offshore Installations, ABS Rules for Building and Classing Floating Production Installations (FPI Rules) or other applicable ABS Rules and Guides. 7.3 Scope of Class A descri
40、ption of the parts of a floating offshore liquefied gas terminal included in the ABS classification is provided in 2-1/1 of this Guide. 7.5 Alternatives Any departure from the requirements of this Guide may be considered by ABS on the basis of an additional risk assessment to that required per 2-2/5
41、 of this Guide, or at least a separate, clearly identified part of the risk assessment. In the case of such departures, classification is subject to ABSs approval upon a demonstration of fitness for purpose in line with the principles of ABS Guides and Rules, as well as recognized and generally acce
42、pted good engineering practice. Risk acceptance criteria are to be developed in line with the principles of the ABS Rules and are subject to ABSs approval. The ABS Guidance Notes on Risk Assessment Application for the Marine and Offshore Oil and Gas Industries contain an overview of risk assessment
43、techniques and additional information. ABSGUIDE FOR BUILDING AND CLASSING FLOATING OFFSHORE LIQUEFIED GAS TERMINALS .2018 3 Chapter 1 Conditions of Classification Section 1 Scope and Conditions of Classification 1-1 A risk approach justification of alternatives may be applicable either to the termin
44、al as a whole or to individual systems, subsystems or components. As appropriate, account must be given to remote hazards outside of the bounds of the system under consideration. Such account must include incidents relating to remote hazards directly affecting or being influenced by the system under
45、 consideration. ABS will consider the application of risk-based techniques in the design of the terminal, verification surveys during construction and surveys for maintenance of class. Portions of the terminal not included in the risk assessment are to comply with the applicable parts of the ABS Rul
46、es. The following are the responsibility of the Owner/Operator: i) Risk acceptance criteria ii) Hazard identification iii) Risk assessment iv) Risk management v) Compliance of the system under consideration with the applicable requirements of Flag and Coastal State 9 Units This Guide is written in t
47、hree systems of units, viz., SI units, MKS units and US customary units. Each system is to be used independently of any other system. Unless indicated otherwise, the format of presentation in this Guide of the three systems of units, is as follows: SI units (MKS units, US customary units) 11 Abbrevi
48、ations and References 11.1 Abbreviations ABS American Bureau of Shipping ACI American Concrete Institute AISC American Institute of Steel Construction ANSI American National Standards Institute API American Petroleum Institute ASTM American Society for Testing and Materials ASME American Society of
49、Mechanical Engineers AWS American Welding Society CSA Canadian Standards Association FIP Federation Internatioale de la Precontrainte IMO International Maritime Organization NACE National Association of Corrosion Engineers NFPA National Fire Protection Association PCI Prestressed Concrete Institute SIGTTO Society of International Gas Tanker and Terminal Operators Ltd. 4 ABSGUIDE FOR BUILDING AND CLASSING FLOATING OFFSHORE LIQUEFIED GAS TERMINALS .2018 Chapter 1 Conditions of Classification Section 1 Scope and Conditions of Classification 1-1 11.3
