1、大学英语六级模拟试卷 854及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled How to Deal with Cultural Differences? You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below. 1文化差异带来了文化冲突 2这种现象产生的影响 3如何应对文化差异 How to Deal with Cultural Di
2、fferences? 二、 Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-4, mark： Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given
3、 in the passage; N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. 1 The Internet May Have Beaten Traditional Institutions The notion of the Internet as a force of political and social revolution is not a
4、new one. As far back as the early 1990s, in the early days of the World Wide Web, there were technologists and writers arguing forcefully that the Internet was destined to become the most important tool for cultural change in human history. They were mostly right, but not for the reasons they believ
5、ed; in retrospect, strident(强硬的 )declarations such as John Perry Barlows Declaration of Independence of Cyberspace seem almost preciously naive about the nature of power and participation online. The ability of the Internet to alter the course of nations and economies does not come from being indepe
6、ndent of the material world, but from being deeply involved in it. In fact, it turns out that the Internet is a rather brittle weapon of transformation. If the icon of revolution in the 20th century was the AK-47, for many observers the 21st century icon is the Internet-connected cameraphone. But th
7、e AK-47 is a stand-alone technology. The smartphone, conversely, is completely dependent upon a complex physical infrastructure cellular towers, mobile network providers, the wires and routers behind it all, and more. Of course, this isnt just a peculiar limitation of cell phones; every type of Inte
8、rnet technology requires an elaborate physical network in order to function. And as protestors from Tehran to San Francisco have discovered, such networks are easy to shut down. If the Internet actually was an independent, sovereign entity, that would be the end of the discussion. But because the In
9、ternet has become so deeply woven into global economic and social systems, shutting down the Internet also harms the interests of those who have little to do with protestors and revolution and, in some cases, can even harm the interests of the governments themselves. Few official shutdowns of commun
10、ication and information networks in recent years have lasted long. Big institutions have hit back in other ways, with lawsuits, arrests, and even more strict new regulations. But while the arrests of LulzSec members and the detention of WikiLeaks founder Julian Assange may provide shocking reports,
11、the real challenge the Internet poses to established institutions isnt limited to headline-grabbing hacks or the publication of classified documents. Simply put, the Internet undermines the ability of an institution to control its own narrative. When the world was limited to top-down(组织管理严密的 ), larg
12、ely broadcast media, companies and governments had a relatively straightforward way to shape the perceptions that people had about them. All that the general public would know about an institution was what could be found in the press, or in advertisements. There were scandals, to be sure, but only t
13、he extremely bad would hit the national consciousness. Moreover, digital systems can scan global data streams to find breaking news before governments are ready to go public, and sometimes before officials are even aware of it. A few years ago, the Canadian Global Public Health Information Network,
14、looking for patterns in global health reports, spotted the onset of the SARS epidemic before the World Health Organization did; more recently, a site called Dataminr, relying on software that automatically scanned the global Twitter stream, was able to report to its subscribers that Osama bin Laden
15、had been killed a good 20 minutes before it was officially announced. Its hard to find an aspect of institutional power that hasnt come under attack. Bar-code scanning apps for mobile phones, for example, make it easy for a consumer to check out third-party analysis of the health, environmental, and
16、 social aspects of a potential purchase, much to the annoyance of manufacturers. Retailers are similarly up in arms about apps that allow shoppers to do immediate price-comparison by scanning a product on the shelf. From the local supermarket to the seats of governmental and cultural power, the Inte
17、rnet has up-ended any sense of control. The Internets power comes from several sources. From a technical perspective, a key strength of the Internet is that its an open platform. That is, the Internet was designed in a way that makes it easy to connect new kinds of technologies to the network all yo
18、u need to do is adhere to a set of common rules. Thats why software and hardware that nobody could have even imagined a decade ago can spread so quickly; as long as it “speaks“ TCP/IP(the basic Internet language), any innovative new system can be part of the global network. This is also what makes r
19、egulating the Internet so difficult: rules that block particular applications or devices can be easily bypassed with new technologies, while laws that try to control the fundamental parts of the Internet have the very real potential to disrupt fundamental Internet functions, and do harm to both exis
20、ting and any future Internet uses. The nets technological strength is matched by a key social-political strength; the Internet is non-spatial(非空间的 ). That is, the Internet makes connections and collaboration possible without regards to geography or physical closeness. In most cases, its as easy to w
21、ork with people on another continent as it is to work with people in the same office. This makes it possible for members of marginalized communities to find each other, and for new ideas to spread globally in a matter of seconds. It allows for cooperation across borders. Its how Google employee Wael
22、 Ghonim could help kick-start the Egyptian uprising(抗议 )while he was still based in Dubai. But these two strengths pale in comparison to its most surprising power: The Internet never forgets. Once a piece of information makes its way online, its there forever. A secret that ends up on the Internet i
23、s not only no longer a secret, it can never be a secret again. Moreover, any effort to remove it or block its spread effectively guarantees that it will spread more quickly, and more visibly. This is as true for secret government documents put on Wikileaks as it is for casual comments on Facebook or
24、 Twitter. There are even sites dedicated to following political figures on social networks simply to archive what they say, even(or especially)if the post is quickly deleted. This isnt directed only at governments, of course. Details about a lost iPhone prototype spread faster than Apple could contr
25、ol once posted on gadget website Gizmodo. And all of this is possible because the Internet and its various associated technologies are deeply intertwined(交织在一起 )with our economy and culture. To the degree that the Internet poses a challenge to big institutions, its power arises from those same big i
26、nstitutions being in turn dependent upon it. This interdependence emerges because the Internet is not a thing in and of itself its a manifestation of human desires. If established institutions are challenged by the Internet, its because those institutions cant match the Internets capacity to make ce
27、rtain those desires are satisfied. 2 Where does the ability of the Internet to change the course of nations and economies come from? （ A） Its force in political and social revolution. （ B） Its technological advancement. （ C） Its deep involvement in the material world. （ D） Its important role in huma
28、n history. 3 How is the smartphone different from the AK-47 as the century icon of revolution? （ A） It totally relies on a complex physical infrastructure. （ B） It is more technologically advanced than AK-47. （ C） It is for everyday life use while the AK-47 is not. （ D） It is Internet-based while th
29、e AK-47 is a stand-alone weapon. 4 Shutting down the Internet will harm the interests of many parts because_. （ A） the governments will face great challenge of dealing with the situation properly （ B） big institutions may appeal to lawsuits and more strict regulations （ C） the great inconvenience of
30、 communicating and information transporting affect everybody （ D） the Internet has become deeply involved into global economic and social systems 5 What ability of an institution is weakened by the Internet? （ A） The ability to control its own power of narrating. （ B） The ability to perceive how peo
31、ple think about them. （ C） The ability to hit the national consciousness. （ D） The ability to publicize itself in the press. 6 Why does the Internet find breaking news earlier than governments and officials? （ A） Because governments are unwilling to let the news go public. （ B） Because digital syste
32、ms can scan global data streams. （ C） Because the Internet makes communication easier. （ D） Because there are a vast number of Internet users. 7 Any innovative new system can be part of the Internet as long as_. （ A） it is designed for an open platform （ B） it does not do harm to existing Internet u
33、ses （ C） its application employs new technologies （ D） it follows the basic Internet language TCP/IP 8 The most surprising power of the Internet is that_. （ A） the Internet overcomes the limitations of geographical distance （ B） the recording of what happens in the Internet will be kept there foreve
34、r （ C） the Internet facilitates the spreading of new ideas in a few seconds （ D） the cooperation through the Internet is very easy to develop 9 Effort to remove or block the spread of a piece of information only_its faster and more visible spreading. 10 The Internet and its various related technolog
35、ies are closely related to_. 11 The interdependence between the Internet and big institutions happens because the Internet is an indication of_. Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions
36、 will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. （ A） The mans clothes. （ B） The mans hairstyle.
37、 （ C） The Santa Anita mall. （ D） Where to shop. （ A） The man is a visitor and the city is new for him. （ B） Its forbidden to turn right when the light is red there. （ C） The woman didnt take drivers license with her. （ D） The man has already fixed the womans car. （ A） He will probably get the job. （
38、 B） He will probably fail. （ C） The chance is half-and-half. （ D） He is not satisfied with the offer. （ A） He likes potatoes very much. （ B） He doesnt know much about TV. （ C） He is fond of watching TV. （ D） He is as fat as a potato. （ A） Fly to France. （ B） Meet his parents at the airport. （ C） Pre
39、pare the decoration by himself. （ D） Go to a party. （ A） A Bachelors degree and at least two years of teaching experience. （ B） A Doctors degree and at least two years of teaching experience. （ C） A Bachelors degree and at least one year of teaching experience. （ D） A Doctors degree and at least one
40、 year of teaching experience. （ A） The man is going to Germany. （ B） The woman is from Germany. （ C） The woman is going on vacation. （ D） The man can speak German. （ A） Its the mans birthday today. （ B） They will have dinner around 6. （ C） They will go to movies after dinner. （ D） They will have a p
41、arty for the man. （ A） She is writing a competitive paper for a scholarship. （ B） She is doing a paper for the research demanded. （ C） She missed the lecture last Friday. （ D） She is planning to attend the scholarship award ceremony. （ A） Why species dont avoid extinction by adapting. （ B） Why speci
42、es become extinct at the rate they do. （ C） Why humans arent extinct. （ D） How many species arent extinct. （ A） It was by continuous exploitation of the environment. （ B） It was largely by chance. （ C） It was because of houseflies. （ D） It was by chance initially and by cleverness now. （ A） She hasn
43、t started her essay. （ B） She has finished her essay. （ C） She has done some research. （ D） She is writing the essay. （ A） A car manufacturing corporation. （ B） The solutions to the car industry problems. （ C） The history of the car manufacturing industry. （ D） Marketing and sales strategy. （ A） Sea
44、rch more information in the library. （ B） Cut out part of the essay. （ C） Change the essays topic. （ D） Widen the range of the essays title. （ A） Drop in a hard copy to his office. （ B） E-mail it to him as an attachment. （ C） Give it to his secretary. （ D） Post it to his company. Section B Direction
45、s: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. （ A） How to improve langua
46、ge skills. （ B） Learning a new culture. （ C） Going overseas or studying online. （ D） Traveling around the world. （ A） The costs for it are usually higher. （ B） It cant be fulfilled without computer. （ C） People cant study at their own pace. （ D） There are no face-to-face communications. （ A） A new l
47、ife style. （ B） A tight budget. （ C） New educational activities. （ D） New friends. （ A） A collection. （ B） A novel. （ C） A poem. （ D） A fairy tale. （ A） A teacher teaching creative writing. （ B） A publisher in Brooklyn. （ C） An engineer on the Hubble space telescope. （ D） A member of the Pulitzer Pr
48、ize Board. （ A） Appointed by the press. （ B） Inspired by David Bowies song. （ C） Influenced by her father. （ D） Named by her daughter. （ A） How to eat healthily. （ B） How to lose weight. （ C） How to take exercise. （ D） How to spend free time. （ A） Exercise neither too little nor too much. （ B） Exerc
49、ise without restrictions in diet. （ C） Exercise around a half-hour a day. （ D） Exercise as well as going on a diet. （ A） Have a rest. （ B） Remain sitting. （ C） Eat more food. （ D） Restrict their diet. （ A） Sitting. （ B） Running. （ C） Sleeping. （ D） Eating. Section C Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required t
