1、大学英语六级（ 2013年 12月考试改革适用）模拟试卷 182及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled On Online Shopping Addiction. Your essay should start with a brief description of the picture. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words. On Onlin
2、e Shopping Addiction Section A （ A） Best alternatives available for choosing a place to spend holidays. （ B） What incentives travel agents can get from business partners. （ C） The fierce competition among hotels, restaurant, and services. （ D） Best strategies for travel agents clients to bargain ove
3、r prices. （ A） 10 percent of commissions from its partners. （ B） 15 percent of commissions. （ C） About 10 percent of his total expense. （ D） More than 15 percent of the total expense. （ A） It makes sense somewhat. （ B） It is unfair for the clients. （ C） It is too much to put up with. （ D） It is a se
4、cret for travel agents. （ A） Bargains. （ B） Gift cards. （ C） Water sports. （ D） Fantastic books. （ A） Swimming. （ B） Boxing. （ C） Skating. （ D） Weightlifting. （ A） 18 years. （ B） 20 years. （ C） 30 years. （ D） 38 years. （ A） When he was 20 year sold. （ B） When he was 38 years old. （ C） When he got th
5、e titles of championship. （ D） When he first decided to be a champion. （ A） To come back onto the stage when possible. （ B） To practice harder to defeat his opponents. （ C） To continue his career as a heavyweight boxer. （ D） To move his home and open a boxing gym. Section B （ A） A great character in
6、 history. （ B） A theatrical role in a play. （ C） A special symbol in Novell （ D） An imaginary person in a fiction. （ A） Open stores in busy areas of cities. （ B） Create special language. （ C） Provide a comfortable environment. （ D） Sell a variety of products. （ A） Because it expands rapidly its reta
7、il operations. （ B） Because it squeezes competitors out of the market. （ C） Because it applies machine to make the coffee. （ D） Because it imparts coffee knowledge and culture. （ A） It is usually done only by a doctor. （ B） It usually makes the services of a doctor unnecessary. （ C） It is usually do
8、ne by the victim himself. （ D） It is usually done by some amateur. （ A） Scare. （ B） Confusion. （ C） Excitement. （ D） Anger. （ A） Finding out the cause of the accident. （ B） Telling where the nearest hospital is. （ C） Telephoning a friend or relative. （ D） Summoning an ambulance. （ A） Give him immedi
9、ate care. （ B） Reassure him that help is at hand. （ C） Make him as comfortable as possible. （ D） Move all parts of the victims body to find the injuries. Section C （ A） They are going to have part-time jobs in the housing office. （ B） They are training to become resident advisers in dormitories. （ C
10、） They havent lived off campus before. （ D） They havent selected housing before. （ A） The dormitory the student currently lives in. （ B） Whether the student is willing to live off campus. （ C） The students major. （ D） How long the student has been at the school. （ A） Students who want to live off ca
11、mpus. （ B） Third-year students. （ C） Students living in north campus dormitories. （ D） Students with older roommates. （ A） Older students will no longer be allowed to live off campus. （ B） There will be an unusually large number of first-year students. （ C） Some dormitories will be temporarily close
12、d. （ D） The housing office will have fewer employees. （ A） The development of the modern skyscraper. （ B） The skyscrapers effect on urban areas. （ C） Problems with future skyscraper construction. （ D） Safety regulations for skyscraper design. （ A） It created design problems for architects. （ B） It w
13、as needed for transporting construction materials. （ C） It enabled architects to design taller office buildings. （ D） It made skyscrapers more expensive to build. （ A） Projected changes in the building code. （ B） Design features of modern skyscrapers. （ C） Strategies for reducing traffic congestion.
14、 （ D） Strategies for reducing traffic congestion. （ A） They were poor swimmers. （ B） They couldnt fly. （ C） Their bright colors made them easy to see. （ D） They moved in large groups. （ A） It was a pest. （ B） They needed food. （ C） They needed exercise. （ D） They wanted scientific specimens. （ A） On
15、 tropical islands. （ B） In rain forests. （ C） In cold ocean areas. （ D） In grassland regions. Section A 26 That health and beauty are linked is not in doubt. But it comes as something of a surprise that who is【 C1】 _as beautiful depends not only on the heaith of the person in question but also on th
16、e【 C2】 _level of health in the place where she lives. This, though, is the conclusion of a study just published in Biology Letters by Urszula Marcinkowska of the University of Turku, in Finland, and her【 C3】 _for Ms. Marcinkowska has found that men in healthy countries think women with the most femi
17、nine faces are the prettiest while those in unhealthy places prefer more masculine-looking ones. Ms. Marcinkowska came to this conclusion by showing nearly 2,000 men from 28 countries various versions of the same female faces,【 C4】 _to look less or more feminine, and thus【 C5】 _the effects of differ
18、ent levels of oestrogen(雌激素 )and testosterone(睾丸素 ). Oestrogen promotes features, such as large eyes and full lips, that are characteristically feminine. Testosterone【 C6】 _masculine features, such as wide faces and strong chins. Statistical analysis shows it is unconnected with a countrys wealth or
19、 its【 C7】_of men to women and thus the amount of choice available to men. The cause, though, is unclear. Previous studies have shown that women with feminine features are more fertile. A mans【 C8】 _for them is thus likely to enhance his reproductive success. Ms. Marcinkowska speculates that testoste
20、rone-induced behavioural characteristics like【 C9】 _, which might be expected to correlate with masculine-looking faces even in women(they certainly do in men), help in the competition for resources needed to sustain children once they are born. But why that should be【 C10】 _important in an unhealth
21、y country is unclear. A)average B)colleagues C)dominance D)favorable E)genetically F)majority G)modified H)particularly I)perceived J)personality K)preference L)promotes M)ratio N)reflect O)relation 27 【 C1】 28 【 C2】 29 【 C3】 30 【 C4】 31 【 C5】 32 【 C6】 33 【 C7】 34 【 C8】 35 【 C9】 36 【 C10】 Section B
22、36 Its Time to Pay Attention to Sleep, the New Health Frontier A)Your doctor could soon be prescribing crucial sleep as treatment for everything from obesity to mental health as experts say carving out time for sleep is just as important as diet and exercise. B)After being diagnosed with brain and l
23、ung cancer in 2011 , Lynn Mitchell, 68, was averaging about an hour of solid sleep a night. Stressed about her treatments, she was paying for it in hours of lost sleep. The brain cancer was already affecting her mobilityMitchell was often dizzy and would lose her balancebut the lack of sleep was exa
24、cerbating things. Even walking became increasingly difficult. Exhausted in the mornings, she was practically incoherent. When her doctors recommend she see a sleep therapist, Mitchell was relieved at how benign it sounded in comparison to the chemotherapy(化疗 )she had undergone, which had side effect
25、s like nausea and fatigue. C)For about nine weeks, Mitchell worked with the sleep therapist to adjust her sleep habits. She got under the covers only when she was extremely tired. She quit watching TV in bed. She stopped drinking caf-feinated coffee in the evening. She also learned breathing exercis
26、es to relax and help her drift off. It was all quite simple and common sense, and, most importantly, noninvasive and didnt require popping any pills. D)“Its common knowledge that sleep is needed for day-to-day function,“ says Dr. David Rapoport, director of the Sleep Medicine Program at NYU School o
27、f Medicine. “What isnt common knowledge is that it really mattersits not just cosmetic. “ Rapoport has long seen people seek sleep therapy because theyre chronically tired or suffering from insomnia(失眠 ), but an increasing number of patients are being referred to his center for common diseases, diso
28、rders, and mental health. E)Researchers have known for some time that sleep is critical for weight maintenance and hormone balance. And too little sleep is linked to everything from diabetes to heart disease to depression. Recently, the research on sleep has been overwhelming, with mounting evidence
29、 that it plays a role in nearly every aspect of health. Beyond chronic illnesses, a childs behavioral problems at school could be rooted in mild sleep apnea(睡眠窒息症 ). And studies have shown children with ADHD(注意力不集中 )are more likely to get insufficient sleep. A recent study published in the journal S
30、LEEP found a link between older men with poor sleep quality and cognitive decline. Another study out this week shows sleep is essential in early childhood for development, learning, and the formation and retention of memories. Dr. Allan Rechtschaffen, a pioneer of sleep research at the University of
31、 Chicago, once said, “ If sleep does not serve an absolutely vital function, then it is the biggest mistake the evolutionary process ever made. “ F)But to many of us, sleep is easily sacrificed, especially since lack of it isnt seen as life threatening. O-ver time, sleep deprivation can have serious
32、 consequences, but we mostly sacrifice a night of sleep here and there, and always say that well “ catch up. “ Luckily, it is possible to make up for sleep debt(though it can take a very long time), but most Americans are still chronically sleep deprived. G)While diet and exercise have been a part o
33、f public health messaging for decades, doctors and health advocates are now beginning to argue that getting quality sleep may be just as important for overall health. “Sleep is probably easier to change than diet or exercise,“ says Dr. Michael Grandner, a sleep researcher at the University of Pennsy
34、lvania. “ It may also give you more of an immediate reward if it helps you get through your day. “ And while theres more evidence linking diet and exercise as influential health factors, sleep is probably more important in terms of brain and hormonal function, Grandner says. “ Among a small group of
35、 sleep researchers, its always been said that eating, exercise, and sleep are the three pillars of health,“ says Dr. Rapoport. H)In our increasingly professional and digital lives, where there are now more things than ever competing for the hours in our day, carving out time for sleep is not only in
36、creasingly difficult, but also more necessary. Using technology before bed stimulates us and interferes with our sleep, yet 95% of Americans use some type of electronics like a computer, TV, or cell phone at least a few nights a week within the hour before we go to bed, according to a 2011 National
37、Sleep Foundation survey. “ Many doctors, lawyers, and executives stay up late and get up early and bum the candle at both ends,“ says Dr. Richard Lang, chair of Preventative Medicine at the Cleveland Clinic. “Making sure they pay attention to sleep in the same way they pay attention to diet and exer
38、cise is crucial. “ I)To some, sleep has become a powerful medicine to mental health. Arianna Huffington, president and editor-in-chief of the Huffington Post Media Group, advocates that sleep is the secret to success, happiness , and peak performance. After passing out a few years ago from exhaustio
39、n and cracking a cheekbone(颧骨 )against her desk, Huffington has become something of a sleep promoter. In a 2010 TED Women conference, Huffington said, “The way to a more productive, more inspired, more joyful life is getting enough sleep. “ Research linking high-quality sleep with better mental heal
40、th is growing: a 2013 study found that treating depressed patients for insomnia can double their likelihood of overcoming the disorder. J)While 70% of physicians agree that inadequate sleep is a major health problem, only 43% counsel their patients on the benefits of adequate sleep. But theres growi
41、ng pressure on primary care physicians to address, and even prescribe, sleep during routine check-ups. In a recent study published in the journal The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology, the researchers concluded that health professionals should prescribe sleep to prevent and treat metabolic disorders l
42、ike obesity and diabetes. And overlooking sleep as a major health issue can also have deadly consequences. It was recently reported that the operator of the Metro-North train that derailed in New York last year, killing four people and injuring more than 70 , had an undiagnosed case of sleep apnea.
43、K)Sleep therapies can range from simply learning new lifestyle behaviors to promote sleep, to figuring out how to position oneself in bed. More drastic measures involve surgery to open up an airway passage for people suffering from disorders like sleep apnea. Sleeping pills can be prescribed too, to
44、 get much needed rest, but sleep therapists tend to favor other approaches because of possible dependencies developing. L)A large part of reaping the benefits of sleep is knowing when youre not getting the right amount. According to a 2013 Gallup survey, 40% of Americans get less than the recommende
45、d seven to eight hours a night. While the typical person still logs about 6. 8 hours of sleep per night, thats a drop from the 7.9 Americans were getting in the 1940s. M)When it comes to adequate sleep, its much more personalized than previously thought. Some people feel great on five hours of rest,
46、 while others need ten. The best way to determine if youre getting the right amount, doctors say, is to find out how many hours of sleep you need to be able to wake up without an alarm and feel rested, refreshed, and energetic throughout the day. N)Since reforming her sleep habits, Mitchell has been
47、 clocking up to seven hours of shuteye a night for the past two months. “Im alert in the morning, my balance is better, and I feel peppier,“ says Mitchell. Getting enough sleep has helped her better deal with her cancers, and its symptoms. The best news is that she recently found out that her brain
48、tumor is shrinking, and there are fewer cancerous spots on her lungs. 37 A new study found that poor sleep quality could lead to significant cognitive decline in older men. 38 According to a sleep researcher, its easier to change your sleep habits than to change your diet or exercise. 39 Getting a g
49、ood nights sleep is important for maintaining mental health and enhances the treatment of the depressed patients with insomnia. 40 Its concluded that better sleep should be prescribed to treat metabolic disorders such as obesity. 41 Many people sacrifice sleep for the other priorities in their life which is simply not good for their long-term health. 42 Sleep therapy is increasingly recommended for the treatment of common illnesses, disorders and mental health. 43 Some of the common sleep therapies inc
