1、大学英语四级改革适用（阅读）模拟试卷 39及答案与解析 Section C 0 Have you ever thought about what determines the way we are when we grow up? Remember the TV program Seven Up? It started following the lives of a group of children in 1973. We first meet them as wide-eyed seven-year-olds and catch up with them at seven-year in
2、tervals: nervous 14-year-olds, serious 21-year-olds and then grown-ups. Some of the stories are inspiring, others sad, but what is interesting in almost all the cases is the way in which the children s early hopes and dreams are shown in their future lives. For example, at seven, Tony is a lively ch
3、ild who says he wants to become a sportsman or a taxi driver. When he grows up, he goes on to do both. How about Nicki? She says, “I would like to find out about the moon.“ And she goes on to become a space scientist. As a child, soft-spoken Bruce says he wants to help “poor children“ and ends up te
4、aching in India. But if the lives of all the children had followed this pattern, the program would be far less interesting than it actually was. It was the children whose childhood did not prepare them for what was to come that made the program so interesting. Where did their ideas come from about w
5、hat they wanted to do when they grew up? Are children influenced by what their parents do, by what they see on television or by what their teachers say? How great is the effect of a single important event? Many film directors, including Steven Spielberg, say that an early visit to the cinema was the
6、 turning point in their lives. Dr. Margaret McAllister, who has done a lot of research in this area, thinks that the major factors are parents, friends and the wider society. 1 What does the text mainly discuss? （ A） New ways to make a TV program interesting. （ B） The importance of TV programs to ch
7、ildren. （ C） Different ways to make childhood dreams come true. （ D） The influence of childhood experience on future lives. 2 In the TV program Seven Up, we can meet_. （ A） different groups of people at different periods of their lives （ B） different groups of people at the same period of their live
8、s （ C） the same group of people at different periods of their lives （ D） the same group of people at the same period of their lives 3 What are the examples in Paragraph 2 meant to show? （ A） Many peoples childhood hopes are related to their future jobs. （ B） There are many poor children in India who
9、 need help. （ C） Children have different dreams about their future. （ D） A lot of people are very sad in their childhood. 4 Spielberg s story is meant to show that_. （ A） going to a movie at an early age helps a child learn about society （ B） a single childhood event may decide what one does as a gr
10、own-up （ C） parents and friends can help a child grow up properly （ D） films have more influence on a child than teachers do 5 What does the writer think of the TV program? （ A） Interesting. （ B） Crazy. （ C） Dull. （ D） Serious. 5 Labor Day is a national holiday in the United States. It has been cele
11、brated on the first Monday in September since the 1880s in order to honor the countrys workers. Today, it is a family holiday. Many people go on a picnic to the beach, the lake, or the mountains. But the first Labor Day celebration was not about family or fun. Instead, it was about making life bette
12、r for America s working class. In America workers were not always treated well. In the early days of the 1880s, hundreds of new immigrants from Europe came to the United States every day. Most spent all their money getting to America. By the time they arrived, they would take any job they could find
13、. They worked for very little pay. Owners of businesses and factories often took advantage of the situation. They were able to get a lot of labor for little money. They expected their employees to work 10 to 14, even 16 hours a day. Whats more, jobs were often dangerous. Even children worked in situ
14、ations where a mistake could mean death. Women and children worked for lower wages than men, and owners employed them for this reason. In the 1880s, the fight for workers rights was led by men who were workers themselves. They organized the workers into labor unions. The American Federation of Labor
15、(AFL)was organized in 1886. Later the Congress of Industrial Organizations(CIO)was founded. Wages, hours of labor, and working conditions have improved since that time. Labor unions have persuaded the federal and state governments to pass laws that limit how many hours a week people can be required
16、to work and decide what the minimum wage should be. They have determined that child labor, as well as unfair treatment based on sex, religion, color, and national origin is now illegal. Strikes occur when workers feel that their employer is behaving unfairly. In order to celebrate their early succes
17、ses, Labor Day was started in 1882 by a union called the Knights of Labor. On the first Labor Day, a long parade was held in New York City, followed by a festival for the workers and their families. By 1894, Congress had recognized it as a national holiday and it is still celebrated today. 6 What di
18、d owners of businesses and factories take advantages of? （ A） The fact that there were a lot of immigrants from Europe who had enough skill. （ B） The fact that immigrants were willing to work even for 16 hours a day. （ C） The situation that immigrants spent all their money and they would take any jo
19、b. （ D） The situation that even children from Europe had to work together with their parents. 7 Business and factory owners employed women and children . （ A） because they worked for less money than men （ B） though they could not work harder than men （ C） since they were easier to handle than men （
20、D） if they had the same skill and power as men 8 Since when have working conditions improved? （ A） The first immigrants came to the United States. （ B） Labor Day was started in the 1880s. （ C） The American Federation of Labor was organized. （ D） The Congress of Industrial Organizations was founded.
21、9 Which of the following is NOT illegal according to the laws? （ A） To make a child work for the same wage as an adult. （ B） To pay a woman the same wage for the same job as a man. （ C） To refuse to hire a person because of his or her skin color. （ D） To treat a person unfairly because of his or her
22、 religion. 10 Which of the following statements is true? （ A） Labor Day is a national holiday but it was originally celebrated only by immigrants from Europe. （ B） Owners of businesses and factories took it for granted that all their employees should work 16 hours a day. （ C） The federal and state g
23、overnments were persuaded to pass laws improving working conditions. （ D） A long parade was held after a festival for the workers and their families on the first Labor Day. 10 Baekeland and Hartmann report that the “short sleepers“ had been more or less average in their sleep needs until the men wer
24、e in their teens. But at about age 15 or so, the men voluntarily began cutting down their nightly sleep time because of pressures from school, work, and other activities. These men tended to view their nightly periods of unconsciousness as bothersome interruptions in their daily routines. In general
25、, these “short sleepers“ appeared ambitious, active, energetic, cheerful, conformist in their opinions, and very sure about their career choices. They often held several jobs at once, or worked full-or part-time while going to school. And many of them had a strong urge to appear“normal“ or “acceptab
26、le“ to their friends and associates. When asked to recall their dreams, the “short sleepers“ did poorly. More than this, they seemed to prefer not remembering. In similar fashion, their usual way of dealing with psychological problems was to deny that the problem existed, and then to keep busy in th
27、e hope that the trouble would go away. The sleep patterns of the “short sleepers“ were similar to, but less extreme than, sleep patterns shown by many mental patients categorized as manic. The “long sleepers“ were quite different indeed. Baekeland and Hartmann report that these young men had been le
28、ngthy sleeps since childhood. They seemed to enjoy their sleep, protected it, and were quite concerned when they were occasionally deprived of their desired 9 hours of nightly bed rest. They tended to recall their dreams much better than did the “short sleepers.“ Many of the “long sleepers“ were shy
29、, anxious, introverted, inhibited, passive, mildly depressed, and unsure of themselves(particularly in social situations). Several openly state that sleep was an escape from their daily problems. 11 According to the report, we can infer that （ A） many short sleepers need less sleep by nature （ B） ma
30、ny short sleepers are obliged to reduce their nightly sleep time because they are busy with their work （ C） long sleepers sleep a longer period of time during the day （ D） many long sleepers preserve their sleeping habit formed during their childhood 12 Many “short sleepers“ are likely to hold the v
31、iew that_. （ A） sleep is a withdrawal from the reality （ B） sleep interferes with their sound judgment （ C） sleep is the least expensive item on their routine program （ D） sleep is the best way to deal with psychological troubles 13 It is stated in the third paragraph that short sleepers_. （ A） are
32、ideally vigorous even under the pressures of life （ B） often neglect the consequences of problems （ C） do not know how to relax properly （ D） are more unlikely to run into mental problems 14 When sometimes they cannot enjoy adequate sleep, the long sleepers might_. （ A） appear disturbed （ B） become
33、energetic （ C） feel dissatisfied （ D） be extremely depressed 15 Which of the following is NOT included in the passage? （ A） If one sleeps inadequately, his performance suffers and his memory is weakened. （ B） The sleep patterns of short sleepers are exactly the same as those shown by many mental pat
34、ients. （ C） Long and short sleepers differ in their attitudes towards sleep. （ D） Short sleepers would be better off with more rest. 15 Mayra Avila is looking forward to her high school prom. Avila, 18, the West Potomac High School senior is, among hundreds of thousands of teenagers getting a head s
35、tart on an associates or bachelors degree and saving on tuition by taking college courses in high school. President Obama, who set the goal of having the United States claim the highest share of college graduates of any country by 2020, is counting on the success of students such as Avila, a Mexican
36、 immigrant whose parents never finished high school. One approach policymakers are harnessing to help students such as her: dual enrollment programs that lower tuition and attract students who don t think college is within reach. The partnership between Fairfax County schools and Northern Virginia C
37、ommunity College sets Avila, one of six children, on a path to earn a bachelors degree. She wants to study dental hygiene at the community college in the fall and then transfer to Virginia Commonwealth University. Heading straight to a four-year university isnt an option. “If I had the opportunity,
38、I would, but theres no money for it,“ Avila said. Her English credits will make college less expensive. Shes paying reduced tuition and the high school buys the books. “As I tell kids and parents, its the best deal since sliced bread,“ said Bruce Jankowitz, assistant principal at West Potomac High,
39、which offers six dual-enrollment sessions in English and government, up from two last year. “These are kids who have not come from the orientation that college is in your future. It serves a niche for students who are motivated to go to college maybe they are the first in their family to go to colle
40、ge.“ Raising the rate depends on getting more minority students into higher education. In the decade leading up to 2014-15, public high schools are expected to produce about 207,000 more Hispanic graduates a 54 percent jump, according to a report by the Western Interstate Commission for Higher Educa
41、tion. There will be more Asian and black graduates and fewer whites. 16 The dual enrollment programmes intend to help students who_. （ A） have got outstanding academic records （ B） have a high passion to go to college （ C） have foreign backgrounds （ D） cannot afford tuition fees 17 What can we know
42、about Avila from the first three paragraphs? （ A） She is a college student now. （ B） She plans to go to a four-year university. （ C） She prefers the community college to a four-year university. （ D） She will pay less college tuition than average. 18 The word “opportunity“(Line 5, Para. 3)refers to_.
43、 （ A） getting more English credits （ B） being able to learn dental hygiene （ C） going to a community college （ D） being able to go to four-year university 19 Which of the following may be an effective way for the U.S. to raise its college graduates rate according to the last paragraph? （ A） Enabling
44、 more children of foreign origins to enter into college. （ B） Raising federal expenditure on college education. （ C） Reducing the number of white college students. （ D） Helping more children of Mexican immigrants get higher education. 20 This passage may be taken from an article entitled_. （ A） Avil
45、a, a Lucky Girl （ B） Present Situation of Higher Education in the U.S. （ C） College-High School Partnership Programme （ D） Immigrant Students in the U.S. 大学英语四级改革适用（阅读）模拟试卷 39答案与解析 Section C 【知识模块】 仔细 阅读 1 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 主旨题。纵观全文可知，本文讨论的是我们在孩提时的经历对我们长大以后成为什么样人的影响。故选项 D正确。 【知识模块】 仔细阅读 2 【正确答案】 C 【试题
46、解析】 细节题。根据短文第一段中 It started following the lives of a group ofchildrenseven -year-oldsnervous 14 -year-olds serious 21-year-olds and then grown-ups由此可知，这个节目是追寻同一群人在不同人生阶段的人生足迹。故选 C。 【知识模块】 仔细阅读 3 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 细节题。根据第二段中三个人物的事例可知这些人小时候的梦想跟他们后来的人生相一致，由此可知 A正确。 【知识模块】 仔细阅读 4 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 推断题。短文最后一
47、段提到 Many film directors， including Steven Spielberg， say that an early visit to the cinema was the turning point in their lives即 StevenSpielberg说他小时候的一次去看电影的经历成了他人生的转折点。由此可见。小时候的某一事件可能就决定了我们的人生。故选 B。 【知识模块】 仔细阅读 5 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 态度题。文章在第二段指出 but what is interesting in almost all the cases 即作者认为该节目是
48、有趣的。故选 A。 【知识模块】 仔细阅读 【知识模块】 仔细阅读 6 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 细节题。文章第二段指出 Most spent all their moneythey would take anyjob they could find 紧接着又指出 Owners of businesses and factories often tookadvantage of the situation由此可知 the situation指代的就是前面的内容，即 the situation that immigrants spent all their money and they w
49、ould take any job。故选 C。 【知识模块】 仔细阅读 7 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 细节题。文章第二段最后一句指出 Women and children worked for lowerwages than men， and owners employed them for this reason即妇女和孩子工作所得的薪水比男人低，所以雇主会雇佣他们。故选 A。 【知识模块】 仔细阅读 8 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 细节题。文 章第三段第四、五句指出 Later the Congress of Industrial Organizations(CIO)was foundedworking conditions have improved since that time即 CIO成立后，工人们的工作条件得以改善。由此可知，答案为D。 【知识模块】 仔细阅读 9 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 细节题。根据文章第三段倒数第二句 They have determined that child labor， as well as unfair treatment based on sex， religion，
