1、大学英语四级改革适用（阅读）模拟试卷 72及答案与解析 Section B 0 The Abortion Clinic Shootings: Why? A)As the nation heard with sorrow the news of the deplorable shooting spree at abortion facilities in Brookline, the question is asked: Why? Why this sudden rise of violence in this area? B)I have been intricately involved i
2、n the anti-abortion movement for more than a decade. I have led thousands of people in peaceful anti-abortion activism via Operation Rescue. Hence, I enjoy a perspective few have. So I submit these answers to the question “Why?“ C)The anti-abortion movement will argue that the call to take nonviolen
3、t direct action to save preborn children inevitably leads to the use of lethal force. This argument is ludicrous unless one is prepared to argue that Gandhis nonviolent civil disobedience in India during the 1930s led to the murder of British officials; or that Dr. Martin Luther Kings nonviolent civ
4、il disobedience led to the violent actions that accompanied the civil rights movement in the United States during the 1960s. D)So why, then, this recent violent outburst? Law enforcement officials need look no further than Roe v. Wade and Congress and the President need look no further than the Free
5、dom of Access to Clinic Entrances Act to understand the roots of the shootings. E)The Supreme Courts attempt to overthrow Law(capital “L“)in order to legalize and legitimize abortion has led to the inevitable a disregard of or contempt for law. The courts Lawlessness is breeding Lawlessness. The cou
6、rt cannot betray the foundation of law and civilization the Ten Commandments and then expect a people to act “lawful“ and “civilized.“ F)Let us look at the abortion industry itself. Just as segregation and accompanying violence possess the seeds for further violence, likewise it appears that the Law
7、 of sowing and reaping is being visited upon the abortion industry. G)Now to Congress and the judiciary. Similar to the civil rights activists, anti-abortion activists have often been brutalized at the hands of police and then subjected to vulgar injustices in sundry courts of law. Add to this the F
8、reedom of Access to Clinic Entrances Act, which turns peaceful anti-abortion activists into federal felons and perhaps one can understand the frustration and anger that growing in Americans. H)The abortion industry can partly blame itself for the recent shootings. It clamored for harsh treatment of
9、peaceful anti-abortion activists, and it usually got it. Now it has to deal with an emerging violent fringe. John F. Kennedy stated, “Those who make peaceful revolution impossible will make violent revolution inevitable.“ One would think the pro-choice crowd would belatedly heed the late president s
10、 warning, but they havent. Theyre urging an all too political Justice Department to launch a witch hunt into the lives of peaceful anti-abortion activists and leaders. Make no mistake what the pro-choice people want is to pressure law enforcement and the courts to intimidate anti-abortion activists.
11、 I)To those who support the recent shootings or herald John Salvi as a hero, I ask you: Has God authorized one person to be policeman, judge, jury, and executioner? Is it logical to leap from nonviolent life-saving activities to lethal force? Read you history! Remember the principles of Calvin, Knox
12、, and Cromwell concerning lower magistrates. Are you calling for revolution? Please consider these questions before calling someone who walks into a clinic and starts randomly shooting people a hero. J)So what can be done to curtail this trend? First, the Freedom of Access to Clinic Entrances Act sh
13、ould be repealed immediately. This oppressive law is an outrage. K)Second, the courts must stop abusing anti-abortion activists. We must be accorded the same tolerance and leniency that every politically correct protester receives nationwide, i.e., small fines, two days in jail, charges dismissed, e
14、tc. L)Finally, and this is most urgent, abortion must be brought to an immediate end. Whether the Supreme Court declares the personhood and inalienable right to life of preborn children or the Constitution is amended or the President signs an “Emancipation Proclamation“ for children or Congress outl
15、aws abortion outright, we must bring a swift end to it. 1 The Supreme Court has tried to overthrow the law in order to save the preborn children. 2 People advocating the legalization of abortion havent noticed President Kennedy s warning. 3 We must give the same tolerance and mercy to anti-abortion
16、activists as others. 4 The call that to take nonviolent anti-abortion activities will give rise to fatal force is ridiculous. 5 The brutality against anti-abortion activists arouses growing anger and frustration in Americans. 6 Abortion must be brought to an end immediately in order not to cause fur
17、ther violence. 7 I have been involved in peaceful anti-abortion activism for more than ten years. 8 The abortion industry should be partly responsible for the recent shootings because of its demand for cruel treatment against peaceful anti-abortion activists. 9 The Freedom of Access to Clinic Entran
18、ces Act is an outrage. 10 For pro-choice people, they hope for a witch hunt to prevent all dissent against abortion. 10 How to Make Peace with Your Workload A)Swamped(忙碌的 ), under the gun, just struggling to stay above water; whatever office cliche you employ to depict it, we ve all been in that sit
19、uation where we feel like we might be swallowed up by our workload. Nonetheless many a way may be used to manage your to-do list to prevent feeling overwhelmed. How to make peace with your workload once and for all goes as follows. B)Get organized. “Clear the deadwood out of your desk and keep your
20、office in shape, which enhances your capability to handle other tasks and raises the probability that youll retrieve the items you do need in a faster and easier fashion,“ says Jeff Davidson who works as a work / life expert and writer of more than 50 books on workplace issues. “When something can b
21、e disposed, let it go, given in reality most of what you retain is replaceable.“ Joel Rudy, vice president of operations for Photographic Solutions, with better than thirty years of business management experience, believes that keeping organized is a must. “Messy work areas are nonproductive in some
22、 measure. Provided that you cant locate a document or report easily because its lost in a pile of mess, then you have a problematic situation,“ he says. “Thereby you are supposed to take the time to tidy up your work areas and keep your important files, manuals and reports in an accessible location,
23、 which will maximize your efficiencies.“ C)Make a to-do list, then cover it up. It may sound weird, but it works, says Jessica Carlson, an account executive at Bluefish Design Studio which is an advertising consulting firm. Carlson urges her team to utilize to-do lists to stay on track and highlight
24、 items that are a priority. “Cover up the list, with the exception of one high-priority task at one time,“ she suggests. “This will allow you to focus better on the task at hand; otherwise, it will be easy to get overwhelmed if youre reading through a to-do list that spans an entire page. Concentrat
25、ing on a single item will make your tasks appear like they are more doable,“ Carlson says. D)Stop multitasking. Despite what you may consider multitasking, its counterproductive. Unless you re drinking coffee while scanning your morning e-mails, youre not saving any time by attempting to do ten thin
26、gs at once. “If you find yourself getting tangled in too many things, it may be of much necessity of you to re-evaluate your involvement,“ Rudy says. “Your mind will wander from one topic to another and you may end up never accomplishing a thing.“ Rudy recommends the best way to stop multitasking is
27、 to create priority lists with deadlines. “When applicable, complete one project before you move further on to the next one,“ he says. E)Set time limits. Deborah Chaddock Brown, a work-at-home single parent, says shes frequently overwhelmed by the demands of maintaining order in her residence and ru
28、nning her own business. Still, she manages to “do it all“ by setting a time limit for each task. “I have the type of personality that flits(轻轻地掠过 )from thing to thing because I do have so much on my plate,“ Brown says. “As a consequence I assign time slots: For the next 15 minutes I will participate
29、 in social media for the purpose of marketing my business(not sending photos or playing Farmville)and that is the only thing I am about to do for the next 15 minutes. When the time is up, I move on to the next task. That way, at night I dont end up with a pile of tasks to accomplish even though I fe
30、lt busy all day.“ F)Talk to your manager. “Quite often, people are working on things that are no longer a top priority, but someone forgot to tell them(that theyre no longer important). There are usually clear priorities in the manager s head; he or she has just not done a great job communicating th
31、ose with the employee,“ says Holly Green, CEO of The Human Factor. Greens suggestion unfolds in this manner: “If you find yourself confronted with too many responsibilities, sit down, note the significant things you are in charge of, and go to your manager to have a conversation to discuss prioritie
32、s, trade-offs, time commitments and interdependencies required to do each thing well, and then ask what you should stop working on or work on less so you can get the right things done.“ Green says managers should be willing to help sort out priorities, so long as employees have a can-do approach and
33、 aren t just complaining about their workload. G)Eliminate time wasters. “If interruptions are keeping you from your responsibilities, learn how to deal with them accordingly,“ says Eileen Roth, author of Organizing for Dummies. Roth proposes the following suggestions to combat disruptions: “Use voi
34、ce mail to cut down on telephone interruptions, turn off the alert that says Youve got an e-mail; and give staff members a set time to visit you.“ Justin Gramm, president of Globella Buyers Realty, exemplifies Roth s point. “E-mail had been a big time waster for me in the past because it was a const
35、ant interruption, causing me to lose focus on the task at hand,“ he says. Since determined to check his e-mails only twice a day, Gramm says he has become much more efficient. “If people want to get more work done, they need to stop checking e-mails and get down to business,“ he says. H)Assess your
36、workload before taking on new tasks. “The paradox of todays work environment is that the more you do, the more thats expected of you,“ Davidson says. In order to better assess your workload, Davidson suggests asking yourself the following questions before agreeing to undertake new responsibilities:
37、Is the task aligned(使一致 )with your priorities and goals; Are you likely to be as prone to saying yes to such a request tomorrow or next week; What else could you do that would be more rewarding; Will he or she be crushed if you say no? I)Want to know more? Most of our experts recommended books for a
38、dditional tips on how to maximize efficiency, but one book was mentioned time and again. Check out The Seven Habits of Highly Effective People. 11 Taking time to tidy up work areas will maximize your efficiencies. 12 Deborah Chaddock Brown finds she is overwhelmed trying to make a balance between bu
39、siness and housework. 13 There are many useful methods of preventing people from feeling overwhelmed by workload. 14 To know more about how to maximize efficiency, The Seven Habits of Highly Effective People is recommended. 15 Davidson says, todays paradox is the more one does, the more he is expect
40、ed to do. 16 Focusing on one single thing will make your tasks appear more possible to be done. 17 In Organizing for Dummies, using voice mail to cut down on telephone interruptions is suggested in combating interruptions. 18 Rudy said, the best way to stop multitasking is to make a list of prioriti
41、es and set deadlines for each task. 19 When something can be disposed, let it go, considering most of what you retain is replaceable in reality. 20 If employees have a can-do attitude and do not complain about their workload, the managers would like to help them decide what to do first. 20 Not Seein
42、g the Forest for the Dollar Bills A)The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service has finally declared the spotted owl an endangered species. The decision will, if the administration enforces the law of the land, drastically cut back logging in the owls habitat old-growth forest in the Pacific Northwest. B)The
43、 logging companies are fighting back. They will go to court to “dispute the science“ behind the finding. Knowing that the science is not on their side, they have also leaned on the administration not to enforce the law. And they are trying to get the law changed. C)The law in question is the Endange
44、red Species Act. The companies want it to take into account economic considerations. If it did, they say over and over to the press, the politicians, and the public, we would never choose to sacrifice 28,000 jobs for an owl. D)That is not the choice at all, of course. The choice is not between an ow
45、l and jobs, but between a forest and greed. E)The spotted owl is, like every other species, the holder of a unique genetic code that is millions of years old and irreplaceable. Even more important, the owl is a canary, in the old miners sense a sign that all is well. It is an indicator species, a cr
46、eature high up the food chain that depends upon a large area of healthy land for its livelihood. Every thriving family of spotted owls means that 4,000 acres of forest are well. The trees are living their full lives and returning stored nutrients to the soil when they die. Two hundred other vertebra
47、tes that live in the forest are well, as are 1, 500 insects and spiders and untold numbers of smaller creatures. The spongy soil under the trees is storing and filtering rain, controlling floods and droughts, keeping the streams clear and pure. F)When old-growth is clear-cut, the trees and the owls
48、disappear and so does everything else. Burned slash release to sky nutrients that have been sequestered and recycled by living things for 500 years. What s left of the soil bleeds downhill as from an open wound. Waters cloud and silt, flood and dry up. The temperature goes up, and the humidity goes
49、down. It will take hundreds of years to regather the nutrients, rebuild the soil, and restore the complex system of intact forest, if there is still old-growth forest to recolonize, and it forest companies stay away. G)There are unlikely to stay away. On their own land, they replant with a single, commercially valuable, fast-growing species and call it a forest. It bears as much resemblance to a 500-year-old natural forest as a suburb of identical ticky-tacky houses bears to Renaissance cathedral. Ecologists call such plantati
