1、大学英语四级模拟试卷 195及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic: Will Computers Replace Teachers in the Future? You should write no less than 120 words and base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below: 有人认为将来在学校中，计算
2、机会取代老师。你同意吗 ? 二、 Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-7, mark： Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information gi
3、ven in the passage; N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. 1 Road Rage All the Rage To many people the term “Road Rage“ describes a relatively modem concept of drivers “getting worked up due to
4、some incident whilst on the road and resorting to physical violence or damage to property“. Most people would say that this has only really become a problem in the last five years or so. It has certainly attracted great media interest in recent times, but it has, in fact, been part of motoring for q
5、uite some time now. A psychologist, employed by the Royal Automobile Club (RAC), defines “Road Rage“, thus: “unchecked behavior designed to cause harm to another road user; behavior which is not normally in the behavioral repertoire of the person. Road Rage is an altering of an individuals personali
6、ty whilst driving caused by a process of dehumanization. This dehumanization is caused by road use frustrations and an artificial sense of isolation, protection and empowerment provided by the car. This leads the person to behave in a way de signed to cause harm or endanger other road users.“ Most m
7、otorists can remember an occasion at some time in their motoring career when an impatient, or shorttempered driver has “cut them or someone else up“ with an aggressive display of driving, forcing the victim to take evasive(逃避的 ) action to avoid a collision. At the time, they probably thought: what a
8、 dreadful piece of driving; and mentally clapped themselves on the back for being such controlled, calm drivers. Media attention, focused on particularly horrible incidents, has been paid to a certain notoriety(恶名昭彰的人 ) on this sort of driving. As a professional driver in inner London and a motorcyc
9、le instructor, I have witnessed such driving all too of ten over the years. The 1996 Lex Report on motoring, published by Lex Service PLC, the UKs leading vehicle retailing and leasing group, provides us with some startling statistics. In the last 12 months, there have been: 1.8 million instances of
10、 people who have been forced to pull over or off the road; 800,000 instances of people being physically threatened; 500,000 people in their cars being deliberately driven into corners; 250,000 people having their cars deliberately damaged by another driver. A survey also carried out by Lex confirms
11、that up lo 80% of motorists have been the victims of “Road Rage“ and that driver confrontation(对抗 ) is on the increase. The RAC has also much to say on the topic. One of their surveys reveals that as many as 90% of motorists have suffered at the hands of seriously antisocial drivers and that the eff
12、ects upon them have in many cases been wholly disproportionate(不相符的 ) to the level of threat or actual violence suffered. The examples are both chilling and many; a driver had his nose bitten off following a row with another motorist; a 78 yearold man was killed after being punched by a man half his
13、 age; an RAC patrolman, flagged down on the motorway by a motorist, was violently assaulted and verbally abused by the motorist. The list goes on and on. The 1991 Road Traffic Act takes a very dim view indeed of dangerous and careless driving and, as with assaults, provides stiff custodial(监禁 ) sent
14、ences for those guilty of such crimes. To date, however, there is no such offence in the statute (成文法 ) books known as “Road Rage“. There can be assaults or criminal damage, followed or preceded by dangerous driving, but no offence that incorporates both a change in the law which the public are dema
15、nding for in the face of increasing anarchy on the roads. Conversely, the Association of Chief Police Officers denies that “Road Rage“ exists; or, indeed, that there is a trend. There have been suggestions from the ,same quarter that “media interest and reporting are, in fact, creating the problem b
16、y causing unnecessary anxiety in the minds of the motoring public in a direct analogy with fear of crime“. Most of us probably imagine violence on the road to be an entirely male preserve, as men are naturally more competitive and aggressive, especially when it comes to driving. Melanie Flowers of O
17、xford Brookes University, however, has the following to say, “Women can be more aggressive in cars than they ever would be when they are out of their cars, often feel they can even things up a bit when they are behind the wheel. When you are driving youre judged by your car rather than your physical
18、 attributes. It makes some women feel stronger than they really are.“ An interesting study, but how often do you see women fighting at the roadside or kicking in body panels? If all this is a general reflection of the driver of the 1990s, then the professionals have an uphill struggle. But they are
19、tackling the problem head on. The RAC and Auto Express, a motoring journal, have joined forces in a Campaign Against Rage (CAR). They aim to promote driver courtesy, offer advice on avoiding “Road Rage“, and even Rage Rehabilitation for violent offenders in an attempt to avoid reoffence. The courts
20、are looking at stiffer penalties. And the RAC is suggesting that signposting be improved to try and stop city drivers losing their way, a constant source of annoyance and aggression, and they have also proposed the introduction of variable message signs that can help improve driver behavior. Some po
21、lice traffic control cars are now equipped with these message signs on the roof or rear of their vehicles. And the future? The Autoclass survey, published in 1997, shows that parents are creating the next generation of roadragers. The research among 1016 yearolds found that 62 per cent of fathers an
22、d 55 per cent of mothers get angry while driving. One thing is certainty: the Road Rage phenomenon is not going to disappear overnight, even after stiffer sentencing or improved driver draining. 2 The Lex Report was published in 1996 by the local government. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 3 Road Rage is not
23、in itself a violation of the law. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 4 According to a psychologist employed by the RAC, cars give their drivers an unreal feeling of being safe. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 5 The survey on Road Rage carried out by the RAC is very thorough. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 6 According to the writer
24、, Road Rage is a relatively modern phenomenon. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 7 The Association of Chief Police Officers attributes the problem of Road Rage to media interest and reporting. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 8 The writers view of the eradication of “Road Rage“ can be summarized as optimistic. （ A） Y （ B）
25、 N （ C） NG 9 Professionals face an _ in their fight against Road Rage. 10 _ are being considered by the law courts. 11 Violent behaviour by motorists is, in all probability, considered by many to be exclusively a _. Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 lon
26、g conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide wh
27、ich is the best answer. （ A） To find another seat. （ B） To take the seat. （ C） To see out of the window. （ D） To find out the wing. （ A） To sell her watch. （ B） To have her watch checked. （ C） To buy a new watch. （ D） To look for her watch. （ A） He should he polite to his boss. （ B） He should become
28、 a road builder. （ C） He should mend the building for the boss. （ D） He should ask the way. （ A） The man should stay up and watch the program. （ B） The man should read something exciting instead. （ C） The man should go to bed at eleven. （ D） The man should give up watching the movie. （ A） He is stil
29、l being treated in the hospital. （ B） Hell rest home for another two weeks. （ C） He has had an operation. （ D） He returned to work last week. （ A） The woman is being interviewed by a reporter. （ B） The woman is asking for a promotion. （ C） The woman is applying for a job. （ D） The woman is being giv
30、en an examination. （ A） He is lazy and makes trouble all the time. （ B） He achieves nothing and is jealous of others. （ C） Hes too particular about his work. （ D） Hes very arbitrary and is a disgust. （ A） He agrees with the woman. （ B） He disagrees with the woman. （ C） He thinks differently. （ D） He
31、 thinks indifferently about Jim. （ A） Searching for reference material. （ B） Watching a film of the 1930s. （ C） Writing a course book. （ D） Looking for a job in a movie studio. （ A） Its too broad to cope with. （ B） Its a hit outdated. （ C） Its controversial. （ D） Its of little practical value. （ A）
32、At the end of the online catalogue. （ B） At the Reference Desk. （ C） In The New York Times. （ D） In the Readers Guide to Periodical Literature. （ A） By displaying their feelings and emotions. （ B） By exchanging their views on public affairs. （ C） By asking each other some personal questions. （ D） By
33、 greeting each other very politely. （ A） Yell loudly. （ B） Argue fiercely. （ C） Express his opinion frankly. （ D） Refrain from showing his feelings. （ A） Doing credit to ones community. （ B） Distinguishing oneself. （ C） Getting rich quickly. （ D） Respecting individual rights. （ A） They strongly beli
34、eve in family rules. （ B） They are very likely to succeed in life. （ C） They tend to take responsibility for themselves. （ D） They are in the habit of obeying their parents. （ A） He wants to hand in a late assignment. （ B） He wants to drop her course. （ C） He is unable to attend her class. （ D） He w
35、ants to deliver, something to her office. （ A） Drop off a paper. （ B） Go to a meeting. （ C） Find out about a course. （ D） See an advertiser. （ A） Take a final exam. （ B） Buy several books. （ C） Paint a landscape. （ D） Give an oral report. （ A） Meet with her tomorrow. （ B） Discuss the crass with his
36、roommate. （ C） Come to her office before her meeting. （ D） Change his major. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you mu
37、st choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. （ A） He misses his flight. （ B） He can find a good seat. （ C） He leaves the airport lust at the end of the trip. （ D） His luggage comes out last. （ A） He was told to board the wrong plane. （ B） He was not allowed to board the plan
38、e. （ C） He arrived at the airport without a ticket. （ D） He found it difficult to explain why he arrived so early. （ A） A drivers license. （ B） A passport. （ C） An international credit card. （ D） A deposit. （ A） Turning right at a red light. （ B） Driving in freeways without a local drivers license.
39、（ C） Passing a school bus that is letting off children. （ D） All of the above. （ A） The size of the country. （ B） Large areas of virgin forest. （ C） The rich natural resources of the land. （ D） Wild animals and plants. （ A） Because nearly 1,000 million acres of land was burned off. （ B） Because natu
40、ral resources are being used up. （ C） Because animals and plants are in danger of extinction. （ D） Because natural beauty of the land would be ruined. Section C Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully
41、for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the
42、exact words you have just heard or write down the 36 The United States is a “telephone land“. Almost everyone uses the telephone to【 B1】 _social engagements, visit with friends, conduct business and【 B2】_all kinds of information. It is the chief method for sending and【 B3】_information in the United
43、States. Some visitors【 B4】 _to use the telephone much at first, either because it is【 B5】 _, because they think it is【 B6】_(as it is in many countries), or because they fear they will be【 B7】 _the person they call from more important business. In fact, local telephone calls are only 10 cents at publ
44、ic phones and less expensive still in【 B8】 _phones,【 B9】 _. Within normal hoursafter 9:00 A.M. and before 9:00 P.M. 【 B10】 _. You need never worry about calling a business offices for information,【 B11】 _. If the person you are calling is out of the office, leave a message with his or her secretary.
45、 37 【 B1】 38 【 B2】 39 【 B3】 40 【 B4】 41 【 B5】 42 【 B6】 43 【 B7】 44 【 B8】 45 【 B9】 46 【 B10】 47 【 B11】 Section A Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read
46、the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item with a single line through the center. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. 47 If you ever get a mouthful of ocean w
47、ater, youll find its very salty. How did it get this way? Rivers are the oceans saltshakers. Almost every river in the world finally【 S1】_its waters into an ocean. While the river is running【 S2】 _the sea, it loosens some of the land and carries it along. The land is made up of rocks and soil, which
48、【 S3】 _minerals. One of these minerals is salt. You cant taste the【 S4】 _in river water because the river doesnt carry much salt at any one time. And you cant taste it in most lakes because as one river brings a little salt in, another river carries it【 S5】 _. It bas taken rivers millions and millio
49、ns of years to pour【 S6】 _salt into the oceans to make ocean water taste salty. Salt water is not good for people to【 S7】 _. It is not good for plants. We cant stop the rivers from carrying salt from the land to the sea, but we can do something so that we can use the waters of the【 S8】 _for people and plants. Scientists are working on machines that will take salt out of ocean water. Some of these machines work very well, but
