1、大学英语四级模拟试卷 249及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1 For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition entitled Punctuality in at least 120 words. Your composition should be based on the outline given below: 1. 你对守时的看法 2. 人们不守时的借口以及你对 此的评论 3. 你的结论 二、 Part II Reading Comprehension (Ski
2、mming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-7, mark： Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage; N (for NO) if the statement con
3、tradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. 1 How to Remember: Some Basic Principles How do you communicate something youve forgotten? You cant! Nows the time to fit memory into the communication picture. Dont be content with a 10
4、 percent level of remembering. Tap into the following three basic laws and triple that figure. After all, improved memory means improved communication. THE PREREQUISITES Most of us, psychologists say, dont use more than 10 percent of our native ability to remember. Thats comparable to running a car
5、on one or two cylinders and just poking along. Why dont we use more of our inherent memory power? There are several answers. First, because we havent been trained to. Nowhere in our schooling were we taught how to use our powers of memory. And second, because we often just dont care. And that leads
6、me to the three things that I feel are essential to a more powerful memory. First, you must have a burning desire to improve your memory. You must care about it. Most people struggle along with poor memories, enduring endless frustrations and embarrassments in their daily lives, because they just do
7、nt want to be bothered remembering the constant barrage of names, numbers, facts, and information. What you have to do is remind yourself of the many benefits of a good memory: the increased confidence I promised you, the popularity and the peace of mind. Arent those three alone enough to stir a des
8、ire in you to improve? The second prerequisite is the ability to concentrate. You will be effective in remembering to the degree that you are enough to concentrate. A short period of intense concentration will often enable you to accomplish more than years of dreaming. The third prerequisite was rev
9、ealed to me by former Postmaster-General James Farley of New York City. Mr. Farley was cited by associates for having the most remarkable memory in this century. I asked him his secret. “Theres no real secret,“ he said. “You simply must love people. If you do, you wont have any trouble remembering t
10、heir names, and a lot more about them than that.“ And thats the third essential: You must care about people. It wasnt long after I talked to Mr. Farley that I came across an interesting line from Alexander Pope. “How vast a memory has love,“ he wrote. Certainly a deeper interest in people, and in yo
11、ur work as well, should make your desire to remember and your concentration much easier. THE BASIC LAWS Visualize. Now youre ready to learn the basic techniques for developing your memory. The first essential is to visualize. Picture what you want to remember. Since 85 percent of all you learn and r
12、emember in life reaches you through your eyes, it is absolutely vital that you visualize the things you want to recall later. To do that, you must above all become aware. And awareness involves becoming both a keen observer and an active listener. You have to see clearly and hear accurately in order
13、 to picture vividly what you want to remember. Too many people go through life only partly awake, only partly aware. They dont forget names; they never hear them clearly in the first place. That art of retention is the art of attention. Become curious, observant, and sensitive to everything around y
14、ou. See the roof detail on that old building. Notice the difference between the tree greens of April and of August. Hear the difference between the sirens of an ambulance, a fire track, a police car. Sharpen your senses of sight and hearing - theyre the most important. Together, those two senses acc
15、ount for 95 percent of our memory power. Two ancient sayings highlight the importance of visualizing. “One time seeing is worth a thousand times hearing.“ And “A picture is worth ten thousand words.“ Repeat. If school didnt bother to teach us formal memory work, it did teach us the need for repeatin
16、g. We were taught to memorize by repeating a poem, a date, or the alphabet over and over again. Radio and television commercials rely heavily on repetition to remind listeners to buy, buy, buy. Is there an American who doesnt recognize “Try it, youll like it“ or “I cant believe I ate the whole thing
17、“? Burger Kings famous “Have it your way“ line, “You, youre the one.“ When slogans like these are set to music, people dont just remember them - they even sing them. And there you have the secret of success: repetition. Associate. Before we get into actual demonstrations of the kinds of memory and t
18、he application of techniques, theres one more key to memory, and its the most important. The one indispensable fundamental is the requirement that you associate anything you want to recall later. Association is the natural as well as the easy way to assure instant recall. Your brain is more remarkab
19、le than even the most amazing computer in the world. And the principle on which it works is association. The brain is, in fact, an associating machine. To recall a name, date, or fact, what the brain needs is a cue, a clue. Lets step back into history for a moment. Over 2 000 years ago Aristotle def
20、ined what he called the Primary Laws of Association. There is the Law of Resemblance or Similarity, where one impression tends to bring to mind another impression which resembles it in some way. There is the Law of Contrast or Opposites, which says that where there are two or more opposing impressio
21、ns, the presence of one will tend to recall the others. And finally there is the Law of Contiguity or Togetherness. If two or more impressions occur at the same time, or follow close on one another in either time or space,thinking of one will recall the other. There are secondary Laws of Association
22、 as well, and these are known as Recency, Frequency, and Vividness. Recency means we tend to recall associations made recently much better than those made months or years ago. Frequency, implies that the more often you repeat an association, the easier it will be to recall. And vividness means that
23、the more graphic or striking the association is, the quicker youll be able to recall it. In summary, the requirements for improving your memory are concentration, a desire to remember, and a love for people. And the techniques for mastering the art of memory are visualizing, repeating, and associati
24、ng. One final n6te, this time on how to study: Memorizing anything is easier and faster when you practice for a half hour or so, and then go off and forget it for a while. Work again later for another half hour, then take another break. Tests have proved time and time again that we learn better and
25、faster when we alternate work and rest in a sort of wave pattern. The rest period actually reinforces the learning. Now then, can you remember all that? 2 Psychologists believe that human beings can only use 10percent of their inborn ability to remember. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 3 We might use more of
26、our native memory power if we learnt how to use it at school. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 4 If you want to have a more powerful memory, first you should learn more about the structure of your brain. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 5 The author takes loving people as the third prerequisite for memorizing because lov
27、ing others produces your desire to remember and makes your concentration much easier. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 6 One of the basic laws for developing your memory is to visualize everything that happens around you every day. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 7 Burger Kings succeeded in using the power of repetition
28、 in their advertising. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 8 The most important basic law for improving your memory is to associate anything you would like to recall later. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 9 One essential factor for better memory mentioned in Paragraph 4 is _. 10 The line from Alexander Pope was to emphasiz
29、e the importance of _. 11 This passage is mainly about how to _. Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will
30、 be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. （ A） She took a history class last year. （ B） She doesnt trust the mans words. （ C） She didnt like her sociology professor. （ D
31、） She probably wont take any history class. （ A） 3 hours. （ B） 4 hours. （ C） 5 hours. （ D） 6 hours. （ A） She was afraid she might be kept too late. （ B） She would have something more important to do. （ C） She had to meet a friend of hers. （ D） She was not in the mood to attend the party. （ A） Go to
32、the lab for a quick look. （ B） Check on whats for dinner. （ C） Have a run before they eat. （ D） Go and see if they have dropped anything in the lab. （ A） She wants to return the skirt her husband bought. （ B） She wants to buy another skirt. （ C） She wants to change the blue skirt for a yellow one. （
33、 D） She wants to change the yellow skirt for a blue one. （ A） The summer has been unusually hot. （ B） The mans air conditioner is broken. （ C） The man hasnt used his air conditioner. （ D） The man doesnt have air conditioning. （ A） She agrees with the man. （ B） The man missed the last study session.
34、（ C） She didnt understand the last chemistry class. （ D） The man should be more serious about his studies. （ A） A meter man. （ B） A traffic officer. （ C） A cab driver. （ D） A ticket seller. （ A） Thursday. （ B） Friday. （ C） Saturday. （ D） Sunday. （ A） Go out with some friends. （ B） Show his sister an
35、d brother-in-law around. （ C） Sleep all afternoon. （ D） Go to a football game. （ A） They will have time to study for it. （ B） Afternoons are bad times for tests. （ C） After it, they can prepare for other exams. （ D） They can start planning for their semester break. （ A） He was a doctor. （ B） He was
36、a writer. （ C） He was an actor. （ D） He was a teacher. （ A） Press certain points around the eyes with the fingers. （ B） Look at distant objects by moving the eyes from side to side. （ C） Do outdoor exercises dally. （ D） Stare at a calendar on the classroom wall. （ A） To read the book by the famous B
37、ritish writer. （ B） To cover their eyes during a period of intensive reading. （ C） To visit doctors of traditional Chinese medicine. （ D） To relax their eyes frequently while reading. （ A） In about 20 years. （ B） Within a week. （ C） In a couple of weeks. （ D） As early as possible. （ A） He cant find
38、his office key. （ B） He has misplaced some exams. （ C） He is unable to talk. （ D） He doesnt like his classroom. （ A） Mark the latest homework assignment. （ B） Put a cancellation notice on the classroom door. （ C） Make an appointment with the doctor. （ D） Return some exams to his students. （ A） Teach
39、 Brains class while hes absent. （ B） Give Prof. Smith the key to Brains office. （ C） Leave a message on the board in Brains office. （ D） Bring Brain the homework that was due today. （ A） To put the homework on Brains desk. （ B） To leave the master key for Brain. （ C） To give Brains students the next
40、 assignment. （ D） To call Brain at the end of the afternoon. （ A） They want to change the way English is taught. （ B） They learn English to find well up to paid jobs. （ C） They want to have an up-to-date knowledge of English. （ D） They know clearly what they want to learn. （ A） Professionals. （ B） C
41、ollege students. （ C） Beginners. （ D） Intermediate learners. （ A） Courses for doctors. （ B） Courses for business English. （ C） Courses for reporters. （ D） Courses for lawyers. （ A） Three groups of learners. （ B） The importance of business English. （ C） English for Specific Purposes. （ D） Features of
42、 English for different purposes. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choi
43、ces marked A, B, C and D. （ A） Because the state of California is much larger. （ B） Because the electronic signal travels faster in Mexico. （ C） Because the quakes shock waves are stronger in California. （ D） Because quake centers are much closer to population centers in California. （ A） It breaks d
44、own at times. （ B） The alarms sometimes do not sound. （ C） There are a lot of false alarms for small quakes. （ D） The computer controlling the system gives wrong orders occasionally. （ A） Neglect the problems and pay chief attention to its benefits. （ B） Make improvements to the system. （ C） Abandon
45、 the system and build a new one. （ D） Introduce a better system from the United States. Section C Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second t
46、ime, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the 37 Unless we
47、spend money to spot and stop asteroids (小行星 ) now, one might crash into Earth and destroy life as we know it, say some scientists. Asteroids are bigger 【 B1】 _ of the meteoroids (流星 ) that 【 B2】 _ across the night sky. Most orbit the sun far from Earth and dont 【 B3】 _ us. But there are also thousan
48、ds of asteroids whose orbits put them on a 【 B4】 _ course with Earth. Buy $ 50 million 【 B5】 _ of new telescopes right now. Then spend $10 million a year for the next 25 years to 【 B6】 _ most of the space rocks. By the time we 【 B7】 _ a fatal one, the scientists say, well have a way to change its co
49、urse. Some scientists favor 【 B8】 _ asteroids off course with nuclear weapons. But the cost wouldnt be cheap. Is it worth it? 【 B9】 _ . Experts think an asteroid big enough to destroy lots of life might strike Earth once every 500,000 years. 【 B10】 _ . “If we dont take care of these big asteroids, theyll take care of us,“ says one scientist. “Its that simple.“ 【 B11】 _ “The world has less to fear from doomsday (毁灭性的 ) rocks th
